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Progressivism Do you ever go into a classroom and wonder, wow these students have a lot of say in things that they learn, well, if they do, this is known as Progressivism. Students have the capability of exploring physical, mental, moral and social growth of themselves and participating in activities with interaction amongst others. Teachers will guide their students while they work in the groups by giving suggestions and questions. This philosophy helps the students and their learning because it enables the students to enhance their knowledge because they can explore more. This type of education is rather good in the classroom because the students develop more social skills, critical thinking, independence and creativity. When your classroom is being taught this way, it is very easy for the teacher to sit and observe and see what the class knows. (Lynch, 2016)

Social Reconstructionism Do you every wonder how to solve the social problems one’s school. Social problems do exist in our school system and believed that social reconstruction can help with the social problems we face in our school system. This theory is there to help with the social problems in schools. Every school curriculum aide in the student’s development and their learning. But teachers must get the students involved in talking about morals dilemmas. At that moment of learning, students will then select the objectives and the social priorities. When teachers give their guideance to the children, they are helping them come up with a plan of change that they want to see happen in the world. This theory is for the students to learn concepts to help with society. They talk about things that are morally wrong, and they all come up with a plan on how they can better themselves and society by doing different things and making changes to things. For instance, texting while driving, the students would talk about this, and then come up with ways how they can put an end to this.

Existentialism Everybody feels a certain way about others, about beliefs, and choices. No two people will feel the same way about everything, and that is ok, this is known as existentialism. Existentialist believe that the mind will create the universe, and that and what an individual experience is temporary. Teachers of this philosophy focus on the student’s freedom and the choice of their future. Teachers of this, encourage the students to find their own meaning of life, this enables the students to have more courage in themselves, and figure things out the way they want and what they don’t want.

Perennialism When we tell our children to read, or the teachers assign reading assignments, it is so important for students to participate in conversations when it comes to the reading assignments. To experience things in one’s reading is so beneficial to the learning process. Perennialism relates to this concept, it is about the importance of reading. With this philosophy, they are said that students will learn through reading. A teacher’s classroom that practices perennialism, is an organized and well-disciplined classroom. Perennialism helps the children develop their reasoning skills with the readings they participate in. This revolves around the student’s behavior and their participation in the classroom. Asking the students questions about specific things is so important because it encourages the children to use their thinking skills. Having these openminded discussions with the students, will help them with reasoning skills, and give them a better understanding of the things they have learned.

Who was Jean Piaget and what contributions did he make to early childhood education? Piagets theory has states that the intelligence of a child will change as they grow. His thinking is that the child’s cognitive development is not solely based on the knowledge that a child has gained, but is also based on the mental model of the world that the child has developed. He is known for coming up with the stages of cognitive development, and how there are four stages to cognitive development. The four stages to cognitive development that Piaget has said there are is sensorimotor intelligence, preoperational thinking, concrete operational thinking, and formal operational thinking. Sensorimotor intelligence is the stage from birth to two years of age. Sensorimotor intelligence stage, young children ages birth to two years of age are learning reflexes, hand eye coordination, trial and error and creativity. Another stage in cognitive development is preoperational. In this stage it is for children ages two to seven years of age, and in this stage of their learning the children will have egocentric thinking still, and this is thinking of oneself and not have regards to other feelings. The children will begin to develop language skills, imagination, reasoning skills, and begin to learn many things through imaginative play that they are engaged in. The third stage of cognitive development is concrete operational stage. Seven to eleven-year-old children during this stage will be learning the logical and operational thought process. During this stage of their life, children will be able to sort and classify objects, and understand conversations with others. Concrete operational is the beginning of a child’s logical and operational thought. The last stage of cognitive development is formal operational. This stage is for children twelve years and older. This stage is the longest stage as it will last well into adulthood. During this stage process, the children will begin to be able to think about abstract concepts and begin to test hypothesis logically. Each stage is just as important to the next stage in cognitive development. Every age level the children are learning new things and fall under the cognitive development stages. Piagets work has shown many ways that children think and how actions in the world can precipitate a child’s thought and how they react to things....