Final report gsm based leakage detector with sms alert PDF

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GSM BASED GAS LEAKAGE DETECTOR WITH SMS ALERT

DZUL IDHAM BIN NASRI NUR MUHAMMAD ASYRAF BIN NASURDIN NURUL AZURA BT AB HALIM

Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia

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GSM BASED GAS LEAKAGE DETECTOR WITH SMS ALERT

DZUL IDHAM BIN NASRI NUR MUHAMMAD ASYRAF BIN NASURDIN NURUL AZURA BT AB HALIM

This Report Is Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for The Diploma In Electrical Engineering

Center for Diploma Studies Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia

13 July 2020

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I have read and understood the University regulations on plagiarism and I understand the meaning of the word plagiarism. I declare that this report is entirely my own work. Any other resources are duly acknowledged and referenced according to the requirements of the Centre for Diploma Studies. All verbatim citations are indicated by double quotation marks(“…”). Neither in part nor in its entirely have I made use of another student’s work and pretended that it is my own. I have not asked anybody to contribute to this project in the form of code, text or drawings. I did not allow and will not allow anyone to copy my work with the intention of presenting it as their own work.

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NUR MUHAMMAD ASYRAF BIN NASARDIN

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NURUL AZURA BT AB HALIM

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DZUL IDHAM BIN NASRI

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I hereby declare that this project report has been examined and is sufficient in fulfilling the scope and quality for the purpose of awarding the Diploma Electrical In Engineering

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Supervisor Name

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TS. ZULKARNAIN BIN MD AMIN

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

A big thank you to Ts Zulkarnain Bin Md Amin for his support and guidance throughout this project.

We also expressed my gratitude to all our friends for their help and support especially those of the laboratory assistants who give their cooperation to make this project successful.

We also thank to our group mates for the consistent effort in completing the project on time. Congratulations because once again we have proven the power of our team.

Most of all a big thanks to God Almighty for His guidance throughout course. Thank you for all the encouragement and support.

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ABSTRACT

Prototype device gas detector using MQ5 gas sensor, GSM module, Arduino Mega board and LCD. LPG leakages are a mutual hindrance in household and manufacturing nowadays. It is very life threatening if you will not distinguish and modified right away. The idea behind our project is to notify surrounding people if there is a gas leak by activating the sounding alarm. In addition to this, the authorized person will receive a message informing him about the leakage The purpose of this paper is to help people understand the system of the prototype of GSM Based Gas Leakage Detector with SMS Alert.

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ABSTRAK

Alat pengesan gas peranti prototaip menggunakan sensor gas MQ5, modul GSM, papan Arduino Mega dan LCD. Kebocoran LPG adalah masalah yang biasa dalam isi rumah dan pembuatan pada masa kini. Perkara ini dapat mengancam nyawa jika anda tidak akan membezakan dan mengubahsuai dengan segera. Idea di sebalik projek kami adalah untuk memberitahu orang sekeliling sekiranya terdapat kebocoran gas dengan mengaktifkan penggera yang berbunyi. Selain itu, orang yang diberi kuasa akan menerima mesej yang memberitahunya mengenai kebocoran Tujuan projek ini adalah untuk membantu orang memahami sistem prototaip pengesan kebocoran gas berasaskan GSM dengan notifikasi SMS.

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CONTENT

CHAPTER

TITLE

PAGE

PROJECT TITLE

i

DECLARATION

ii

SUPERVISOR RECOGNITION

iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

iv

ABSTRACT

v

ABSTRAK

vi

CONTENT

vii

LIST OF TABLES

ix

LIST OF FIGURES

x

LIST OF FIGURES

xi

LIST OF SYMBOLS/ABBREVIATIONS

xii

LIST OF APPENDICES

xiii

1 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................... 1 1.1. PROJECT BACKGROUND........................................................... 1 1.2. PROBLEM STATEMENT..............................................................2 1.2.1. The detection time............................................................... 2 1.2.2. The least sensitivity on a small gas leak............................. 2 1.2.3. The procedure of emergency...............................................3 1.2.4. The existence of laboratory assistant.................................. 4 1.3. OBJECTIVES..................................................................................4 1.4. PROJECT SCOPE........................................................................... 4 2 LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................6 2.1. INTRODUCTION........................................................................... 6 2.2. REVIEW OF THE PREVIOUS PROJECT.................................... 6 2.3. SUMMARY.....................................................................................9

viii 3 METHODOLOGY..................................................................................................11 3.1. INTRODUCTION......................................................................... 12 3.2. PLANNING...................................................................................14 3.2.1. Data Collection..................................................................14 3.2.2. Hardware and Software Requirement............................... 16 3.3. SIMULATION.............................................................................. 26 3.4. IMPLEMENTATION....................................................................26 3.4.1. Coding Development.........................................................26 3.4.2. System Overview.............................................................. 31 3.4.3. Components.......................................................................34 3.4.4. Installation of Components............................................... 34 3.5. MODELING.................................................................................. 36 3.6. ANALYSING................................................................................ 41 3.6.1. Analysis of the Circuit.......................................................41 4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION................................................................................43 4.1. INTRODUCTION......................................................................... 43 4.2. INTERFACING ARDUINO MEGA WITH MQ5 GAS SENSOR MODULE AND LCD MODULE........................................................ 43 4.3. INTERFACING ARDUINO WITH MQ5 GAS SENSOR MODULE AND GSM MODULE........................................................46 4.4. INTERFACING ARDUINO MEGA WITH MQ5 AND BUZZER48 4.5. ANALYSIS OF PROGRAM IN ARDUINO IDE SOFTWARE..49 4.6. DISCUSSION................................................................................56 5 SUMMARY..............................................................................................................59 5.1. CONCLUSION..............................................................................59 5.2. RECOMMENDATION.................................................................60 REFERENCES........................................................................................................... 61 APPENDICES............................................................................................................ 64 A. COST OF THE PROJECT.............................................................. 64 B. PRODUCT....................................................................................... 65 C. GANT CHART OF FINAL YEAR PROJECT............................... 66

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LIST OF TABLES

NO

TITLE

2.1

Summary of Literature Review

PAGE 9

3.1

SIM900 GSM ports description

18

3.2

Technical Specification of the MQ5 Gas Leakage sensor

20

3.3

LCD pins task

22

3.4

Buzzer Pin Configuration

23

4.1

Test Result against MQ5 Gas Sensor

46

4.2

Test Result against SIM900 GSM Module

48

4.3

Result of Ability of Buzzer

49

4.4

Program in Arduino IDE

50

4.5

Explanation of program in Arduino IDE

52

x

LIST OF FIGURES

NO

TITLE

3.1

GSM based Gas Leakage Detector with SMS Alert Phase

12

3.2

Steps of Methodology

13

3.3

GSM based Gas Leakage Detector with SMS Alert Schematic Diagram

PAGE

15

3.4

Arduino Mega

16

3.5

Module Design of Arduino Micro-controller

17

3.6

GSM Module

17

3.7

SIM900 GSM Arduino Shield

18

3.8

MQ5 Gas Sensor Module

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3.9

Structure of the MQ5 Gas Leakage Sensor

20

3.10

LCD Module

21

3.11

LCD Arduino connection scheme

21

3.12

Buzzer

22

3.13

Arduino IDE

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3.14

Fritzing

25

3.15

Proteus

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3.16

Simulation Result by Proteus

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3.17

V Model Diagram

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3.18

Coding in Arduino IDE Software

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3.19

System Testing of Our GSM based Gas Leakage Detector with SMS Alert project

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3.20

Architecture Design of GSM Module Circuit

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3.21

Module Design of Arduino Mega

31

3.22

Block Diagram of Proposed System

32

3.23

Flowchart of the Proposed System

33

xi 3.24

Layout of Placing Components to the Breadboard

35

3.25

Installation of Component

36

3.26

Front View of Project Design

37

3.27

Side View of Project Design

37

3.28

Material of Our Prototype

38

3.29

Cutting of the Recycle box

39

3.30

Applying Circuit in the Prototype

39

3.31

Improvement Process

40

3.32

Improvement Process

40

3.33

Finishing of Our Project

41

4.1

The connection between Arduino Mega and MQ5 Gas

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Sensor Module 4.2

The connection between Arduino Mega with MQ5 Gas

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Sensor Module and LCD Module 4.3

MQ5 Gas Sensor when no LPG gas is Applied

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4.4

MQ5 Gas Sensor when LPG Gas is Applied

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4.5

Diagram of connection between Arduino Mega and GSM

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Module 4.6

Testing for Arduino Mega and GSM Module Interfacing

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4.7

The mobile phone get the phone call from GSM Module

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4.8

Connection Buzzer

49

4.9

Simulation on Proteus

57

4.10

Hardware circuit

57

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LIST OF SYMBOLS/ABBREVIATIONS

CNG

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Compressed Natural Gas

LPG

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Liquefied Petroleum Gas

UTHM

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Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia

CO 2

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Carbon Dioxide

CO

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Carbon Oxide

H2

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Hydrogen

CH 4

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Methane

N2

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Nitrogen

SMS

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Short Message Service

PTJ

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Pusat Tanggungjawab

LCD

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Liquid Crystal Display

GSM

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Global System for Mobile Communication

ARM

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Advanced RISC Machine

UART

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Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter

DC

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Direct Current

IDE

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Integrated Development Environment

PCB

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Printed Circuit Board

PWM

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Pulse Width Modulation

USB

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Universal Serial Bus

Tx

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Transmitter

Rx

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Receiver

GND

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Ground

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LIST OF APPENDICES

NO

TITLE

A

Cost of the project

PAGE 64

B

Product

65

C

Gantt Chart

66

1 1 INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION This chapter is mentioned regarding the project background, problem statement, objectives and project scope.

1.1.

PROJECT BACKGROUND

Gas leakage is a major drawback with industrial sector, residential premises and gas powered vehicles like CNG (compressed natural gas) buses, cars. The common used gas in UTHM laboratory are nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and LPG. Additionally, the fundamental gas employed in residential premises is also LPG. The LPG composed principally propane and butane. The foremost common kind of fuel gas in current

used

is

natural

gas.

Several

fuel

gases

are

composed

of

hydrocarbons,hydrogen, carbon monoxide, or mixtures thereof. One of the preventive ways to prevent accident related to the gas leakage is to install gas leakage detection kit at vulnerable places.

In this project, our focus are on the laboratories in UTHM campus. The common issues featured by the laboratory assistant are the detection time of which laboratory committed the gas leak, least sensitivity on a tiny low gas leak, the procedure of the emergency once the gas leaky, and if they are out of city, it is terrible onerous for them to induced enlightened regarding the incident. Therefore, the aim of this project is to present such a design that can automatically detect in vulnerable premises. Specifically gas device has been used that has high sensitivity for LPG, natural gas(water, ethane, butane, propane, pentanes, hydrogen sulphide, CO2, water vapor, helium and nitrogen) and town gas(H2,CO,CO2,CH4,N2 and volatile hydrocarbons). Gas leakage system consists of GSM module, which warns by sending

2 SMS. However, the previous gas outflow system cannot react in time. This project provides the design approach on both software and hardware.

1.2.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

The problem statement of this project are:

1.2.1. The detection time The strategy of handling this gas leakage check is incredibly clear and it takes a while to examine each area and laboratory. The current system of detection time is a bit slow as a result of the device quite off from the gas pipeline. With the prototype of this project, detection time is improved by placing the product on the gas pipe. The best way to overcome this problem is the prototype consist the Internet of Thing (IoT). An IoT system encompass web-enabled sensible devices that use embedded systems, like processors, sensors and communication hardware to collect, send and act on information they acquire from their environment. IoT devices share the devices information they collect by connecting to an IoT gateway or different edge device where information is either send to the cloud to be analyzed or analyzed regionally. Sometimes, these devices communicate with different connected devices and act on the knowledge they get from each other. The devices do most of the work without human intervention, though individuals will move with the devices. For example, to line them up, give them directions or access the info. The property, networking and communication protocols used with these web-enabled devices mostly rely upon the precise IoT applications deployed. The internet of things helps individuals live and work smarter, as well as gain complete control over their lives.

1.2.2. The least sensitivity on a small gas leak The fundamental properties of LPG gas that contain butane and propane, are odorless, colourless, and heavier than air and lighter than water. This properties makes the LPG gas additional difficult to be detected if there is a tiny low leak. Therefore, a special

3 chemical that responds completely to the LPG part is enclosed that within the event of a gas leak, it produces a bad odor for easy detection. In this project, the prototype are able to detect the small gas leak as the gas sensor setup in unit of ppm. Parts per million (ppm) is a commonly used unit of concentration for tiny values. One part per million is one part of solute per one million parts solvent or 10-6. Parts per million and other "parts per" notations are dimensionless quantities with no units. Preferred methods for expressing parts per million include μV/V (microvolume per volume), μL/L (microliters per liter), mg/kg (milligram per kilogram), μmol/mol (micromole per mole), and μm/m (micrometer per meter).

1.2.3. The procedure of emergency There are a lot of emergency procedure ought to be followed before, throughout and when of the gas leakage happened. Therefore, these procedure will waste a lot of time and increasing the danger of explosion if it is not taken seriously. Example of emergency procedure of gas leakage in university campus :

a) If the fire is suddenly extinguished during heating / cooking (i) Close the ignition switch. (ii) Let air enter through windows to remove gas. (iii) Reboot the laboratory once it has no more gas odor.

b) If there is / detect gas leakage (Gas leaks can be detected by its unusual odor) (i) Turn off the ignition and control device...