Fluid Regulation Cycle PDF

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Individual Activity number 4 Concept Webbing of Fluid regulation cycle. (Trace how baroreceptors, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, antidiuretic hormone, thirst, and osmoreceptors helps in the maintenance of fluid balance). 0Stimulates 0Concentrated

↓↓ Decreased blood volume ↑ Increased serum osmolality

0Stimulates

urine secreted

0(↑ Thirst and water intake) ECF volume deficit

↑ ADH production in hypothalamus (OSMORECEPTORS)

↓ decreased arterial BP (stimulates baroreceptors)

0↑ Increased sympathetic discharge

0Diuresis results

↓ decreased renal perfusion

↓ decreased H2O and Na+ filtered by kidneys

0Inhibits

Renin release (↓GFR) (promotes peripheral vasoconstriction)

↑ ADH released into bloodstream from storage in the PPG

↑ Increased Angiotensin I and II

↑ Increased Aldosterone by adrenal cortex

↑ Blood volume ↓ Serum osmolality

↓ decreased H2O and Na+ excretion by the kidneys

↑ reabsorption of H2O by distal tubules of kidneys

↑ Increased Blood Pressure

↑ Increased circulating volume of H2O and Na+ (loss of K+)

↓ urine excretion

Fluid Regulation Cycle The fluid regulation cycle is vital in maintaining homeostasis in the body. In the event of disturbances such as dehydration and blood loss, water and sodium regulation are combined to defend the body against all possible disturbances in the volume and osmolarity of fluids. These mechanisms are involved in regulation, the actions of the thirst center in the hypothalamus; release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the pituitary gland; effects of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS); Baroreceptors; and release of the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) by the heart.  

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Thirst center in the hypothalamus: Regulate the consumption of water by stimulating or inhibiting person’s desire to drink. Antidiuretic Hormone: Osmoreceptors stimulate ADH release from the posterior pituitary gland to regulate reabsorption in the kidneys and it is released in response to low blood volume or in response to increased plasma osmolarity in the intravascular fluid. When ADH is released, urine production is decreased and water reabsorption is increased. ADH is inhibited when the body needs to get rid of fluid excess. RAAS: In disturbances such as low blood volume, blood flow to the kidneys decreases. To correct this, renin (an enzyme) is released by the kidneys, which stimulates the release of angiotensin I which is converted into angiotensin II by an enzyme called angiotensinogen from the lungs. Angiotensin II will cause vasoconstriction which increases blood pressure and facilitates the secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone then increases the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys, which increases water absorption, to increase blood volume. ANP: ANP is released by the right atrium to promote renal diuresis of sodium and water during imbalances. Baroreceptors: They regulate sympathetic and parasympathetic neural activity. When there is decreased arterial BP, there is increased sympathetic discharge which to constriction of renal arterioles that causes increase in the release of aldosterone, decreases glomerular filtration. Therefore facilitating sodium and water reabsorption....