Gait Analysis Theory - Information on analysing gait to treat soft tissue dysfunctions/weaknesses PDF

Preview

Summary

Gait Analysis TheoryGait CycleHeel Strike - 0% of Gait Cycle  Lateral heel makes contact with the ground and the foot supinates Sub-talar joint pronates during first 20% of stance phase, acting as a shock absorber  Ankle dorsiflexion coupled with hip and knee flexion help to distribute forceLoadi...

Description

Gait Analysis Theory Gait Cycle

Heel Strike - 0% of Gait Cycle  Lateral heel makes contact with the ground and the foot supinates

 Sub-talar joint pronates during first 20% of stance phase, acting as a shock absorber  Ankle dorsiflexion coupled with hip and knee flexion help to distribute force

Loading Response – foot flat 8% of gait cycle and mid-stance – 30% of gait cycle  The foot flattens before the heel begins to lift  The foot rolls into pronation  The hip moves into extension by the glute max and adductor magnus  Knee flexes to 15-20  Ankle plantar flexion increases

Mid Stance  At mid-stance, hip moves from flexion to extension by the action of glute medius  Knee begins to extend from flexion  Ankle is supinated and dorsi flexed

 The body is on one leg  Transition of force absorption to force propulsion Pre-Swing/Toe Off – 60% of gait cycle  Toe off occurs at the hallux  Metatarsal phalangeal extension occurs, this along with supination helps to activate the Windlass mechanism  Windlass mechanism – the tension of the plantar fascia and intrinsic muscles of the foot, help to stiffen the foot which in turn increases propulsion  Hip hyperextension also occurs  The knee is flexed, and the ankle is both supinated and plantarflexed

Initial, Mid and Late Swing Once the stance phase ends, the swing phase begins Initial to Mid Swing – Acceleration  Hip flexion occurs by contraction of the iliopsoas. Knee flexion increases and the ankle moves from plantarflexion into dorsiflexion Mid swing both feet are on the floor

 Hip flexion occurs by contraction of the adductors and the ankle is in dorsiflexion by contraction of the tibialis anterior  The knee moves from flexion to extension by activation of the sartorius muscle and quadriceps Mid to Late Swing – Deceleration  Hip remains in flexion; the knee is in full extension and the ankle is in neutral...