Gait analysis 500 report PDF

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Gait analysis 500 report...

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SCHOOL OF SPORT H71K34 BIOMECHANICS LEARNING OUTCOME TWO: OPEN BOOK EXTENDED RESPONSE

PART TWO – OPEN-BOOK ASSIGNMENT Analyse the pre-recorded gait pattern (Stephen) provided for you using a pre-compiled checklist and then submit a 500 word evaluation using the information provided. Model gait analysis (200 word +/- 50 words) Discuss features of a normal gait pattern. Within your answer you must make reference to the following areas 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

heel strike stance toe off swing angle of gait

Stephens gait analysis (300 words +/- 50 words)

Discuss common faults your client displays, or if none observed, discuss common faults that may be observed in human gait.

Model Gait Analysis

Rachel Allan

A normal walking gait begins with the heel strike. This is the point at which the calcaneus strikes the floor. The sub-talar joint will be supinated whilst the ankle is dorsiflexed, and the tibia will internally rotate whilst the knee is fully extended and the hip flexes and internally rotates. Following this is the stance phase. During this phase, only one leg is in contact with the ground. The sub-talar joint will be in a neutral pronated position as well as the ankle. On top of this, the tibia will begin to externally rotate, and the knee will be almost, if not, fully in extension. The hip in this phase will be extended also and will be externally rotating too. The toe off phase, also known as the propulsion phase, will allow the subtalar joint to be pronated whilst the ankle is plantarflexed. The tibia will be externally rotated whilst the knee is fully extended, and the hip is extended and externally rotated. The final phase is the swing phase which can also be known as the reloading phase to begin the next heel strike to start the cycle again. During this, the sub-talar joint will begin to supinate again whilst the ankle is dorsi-flexed and the tibia is starting to internally rotate. Finally, the knee will be in flexion and the hip is at this point, flexing and internally rotating also. The angle of gait refers to how far a foot is rotated outwards when walking. Anything less than 10 degrees is classed as ‘normal’ and anything more than 10 degrees is classed as an abducted gait. The angle of gait highlights potential tibial and hip abnormalities. (city, 2020) Client’s Gait Analysis As a therapist, a client’s walking gait is crucial when assessing and diagnosing any syndromes, muscular or skeletal issues, or injuries. The stages of gait are looked at from one heel strike on a single limb to the following heel strike of the same limb. The number of potentially pain inducing abnormalities are huge and as a sports therapist you may need to address said abnormalities. As seen in the video, the person has a trendelenberg gait. The trendelenberg gait and it looks like a kind of clunky side to side sway that comes down to a weakness in the gluteus medias muscle, one of the muscles on the side of your hip. You can feel it contract if you put your hand on your hip and abduct your leg out to the side. But the gluteus matters during this gate because it keeps your hips level while you walk. This person has a very weak glute medias meaning it won't support their body weight while there in stance phase and the other hip will drop down. As you can see, the right side this weak when they stand entirely on their right foot and there left hip drops and as they are walking their hips will drop with each step making it look a little like a sway. The patient will show an excessive lateral lean to keep the centre of gravity over the stance leg. Due to the client dropping the hip, this will invert the ankle and may cause pain later on in life. This also may cause lower back pain and further issues later on as well as over strengthening particular muscles. Instead the patient should strengthen the glute medius and minimus in order to avoid this. While this gate is ultimately due to weak muscles, on top of this all kinds of things can influence even that from neurological issues to muscle imbalances, but some abnormal gates are entirely due to neurologic conditions which must be diagnosed by a doctor....