GOVT 2305 Unit 2 Exam - summary of the exam 2 and that can help you in ur test . PDF

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summary of the exam 2 and that can help you in ur test ....

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Unit 2 Exam

1.

Young people today get most of their news and information about politics and government from

 the Internet.

2.

The U.S. Constitution give power over the method of selecting electors for the Electoral College in a presidential election year to the

 state legislature of every state

3.

Texas has how many electoral college votes?

 38.

4.

The popular election of U.S. senators by voters in the states (as opposed to election by the states' legislatures) began with the adoption of the

 Seventeenth Amendment.

5.

Which of the following prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude"?

 Fifteenth Amendment.

6.

Who is considered the "father" of modern political polling who in 1936 was the first to use the random sample method of selection of people to be polled (and thus created a more fair and accurate poll result) was

 George Gallup.

7.

A statement of basic principles and positions on various public policy issues put forth by a national political party, worked on at every national party convention level which is adopted by its candidates in the election campaign, is known as the party

 platform.

8.

_______ refers to written (and published), false, defamatory statements (defamatory meaning that the statement harms the reputation of a person) that are not protected by the First Amendment.

 Libel

9.

The first president to make effective use of television (in the first televised presidential debates, in his visual appeal, in his use of the first presidential press conferences to be televised live on national TV) was

 John F. Kennedy.

10. Part of the temporary party organization, the political party conventions held at each local polling place after the polls close every even-numbered year on the first primary day are called  precinct conventions.

11. A new order of demonstrated political loyalties, such as seen in Texas and the South from Reconstruction until the middle 20th century with the movement from a Democratic majority identification to a development of parity between the Democratic and then in the latter half of the Twentieth Century the shift to Republican party majority identification is called  realignment.

12. Most Americans today still get the majority of their information about government and politics from  television.

13. Which president was the first to effectively use the new broadcast medium of radio to effectively reach the American people in mass in order to influence them to support his policies (thus exponentially increasing the "bully pulpit" power of the presidency to reach persuade the American people)?  Franklin Roosevelt.

14. Both the Texas Democratic Party State Convention and the Republican Party State Convention (as are state party conventions in the other states) are held  every two years.

15. The U.S. Supreme Court, in New York Times v. Sullivan, made it harder for a public figure to successfully sue a media outlet for libel. The Court ruled that the public figure had to not only prove that the news media outlet publishing a false, defamatory statement, but that the news media outlet had known it to be false and nevertheless published it with reckless disregard to its veracity had committed  actual malice.

16. BROAD-BASED organizations that seek to achieve power by electing their members to public office so that their broad political philosophies, platforms, and ideologies can be reflected in public policies are called  political parties.

17. Perhaps the most significant manner in which the Congress of the United States is organized is  along political party (Democratic and Republican Party) lines.

18. Voter turnout is significantly higher in ________ than in _________.  Presidential elections/midterm elections.

19. The only business that is directly protected by the U.S. Constitution (in the First Amendment) is  the press (the news media).

20. The Twelfth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution deal with  the procedure for electing the president and vice-president of the U.S.

21. In all but two states (Maine & Nebraska), a presidential candidate who wins the popular vote in the general election receives ________ of that state's Electoral College votes.  all

22. How many electoral college votes must a candidate capture in a presidential election to win the election?  majority—270 or more.

23. A significant reason why minor political parties (i.e., parties other than the Democratic and Republican parties) can't readily get on the general election ballot in the states is because  The Democratic and Republican parties—as the two major parties nationally control Congress and all the state legislatures and these bodies all pass the elections laws for the

United States, and those election laws make it difficult for any party over than the Democratic and Republican parties to get on the election ballots, thus making sure the Democrats and Republican can control the electoral process.

24. The first political party primary election in the country in the presidential nominating process is held every four years is in  in New Hampshire.

25. Candidates seeking the nomination of their party to run for president of the United States in the November general election held once every four years in even numbered years participate in the national presidential primary day which is held on the first Tuesday in August of every general election year.  False.

26. To win a election to office in the general election held in November of even-numbered years, a candidate need only win the election by  a plurality.

27. A general election year that does not include the election of the president of the United States is often referred to as a  mid-term election.

28. The U.S. Supreme Court in 2010 ruled that federal laws limiting campaign spending by corporations and unions violated their right of free expression, thus allowing corporations and unions to spend an unlimited amount of their funds on political campaigns as long as the funding is not directly organized and coordinated with the candidate or party they're supporting. This Supreme Court ruling is known as

 Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission.

29. Communications of the attitudes, beliefs and opinions about government to others (especially from one generation to the next) is known as  political socialization.

30. In 1971, the U.S. Supreme Court of New York Times v. United States held that, under the First Amendment's guarantee of freedom of the press, prior restraint (censorship by the government before publication) is unconstitutional in most instances, and the New York Times and the Washington Post could not be prohibited by the federal government from publishing the secret documents dealing with U.S. policy during the Vietnam War, documents stolen from the Department of Defense. This case is known as  the Pentagon Papers case.

31. The national political party conventions for the Republican and Democratic Parties are held once every  four years.

32. In their roles as "watchdog" of the world , the news media function, as media scholar Marshall McLuhan said, as ____________ for people who do not participate directly in events.  “sense extensions”

33. Which of the following is an example of a professional association type of interest group?  American Medical Association (AMA)

34. Which of the following is NOT a significant demographic indicator of a person's likelihood to turnout to vote in elections?  Internet use to obtain news and information.

35. The process by which a news organization defines a political issue and consequently affects opinion about the issue is known as  framing.

36. In 1968, the former Governor of Alabama ran an anti-Washington third-party campaign for the presidency. Who was the candidate?  George Wallace.

37. _______________ was the first president elected by the new Republican Party in the mid-Nineteenth Century and was instrumental in its development.  Abraham Lincoln.

38. The right to vote was not extended to women in the United States until  the adoption of the Nineteenth Amendment to the Constitution.

39. ___________ legislators and executive branch officials is the first step that makes persuasion possible by interest group lobbyists.  Coercion of

40. During a presidential election year, what happens if no presidential candidate receives a majority of electoral votes?  the election of the president is conducted by the House of Representatives

41. The emergence of the Democratic Party in the United States began with the populist presidency of  Andrew Jackson.

42. Which of the following is the least likely tactic an interest group might employ in attempting to influence legislators and other governmental officials to support the development of public policies benefiting the interest group's policy agenda?  Bribery

43. Which branch of the federal government (legislative, executive, judicial) gets the most coverage by the news media?  executive (president)

44. Only candidates from the two major parties will, by the laws established in each of the states, automatically appear on the general election ballot. This is because the states' legislatures write the election laws for each of their individual states and in every state, the legislature is made up almost entirely of Republicans and Democrats who may not agree on many political issues but do agree that they, the two major parties, should maintain control of elections and political institutions such as the legislatures, the Congress, and the presidency. This control that the Democrats and Republicans hold over election law inhibits the growth of  third parties in America.

45. Two factors that are primarily responsible for the United States having a relatively lower voter turnout than most other democracies are first, our cumbersome voter registration procedures, and second,  our relatively weak political which fail to stimulate, educate, and mobilie voters.

46. Who casts the ballots that actually elect a president to office?  Members of... College

47. Say that in the 2020 March Texas Republican Party primary for the nomination to determine the Republican candidate for the 39th Congressional District, the incumbent, Rick Goodhair, earned only a plurality (the most votes, but not a majority) over five other primary contenders. Rick failed to get a majority (50 percent plus one) of the vote in the primary. What subsequently happened?  A run-off election was held 30 days after the primary between Rick and the person who came in second in the Republican primary for the 39th congressional district seat

48. The Framers of the Constitution argued against the development of political parties and a two party system and made no provisions for it in the Constitution. Nevertheless, the United States developed a two-party system, which today controls the organization of Congress and most state legislatures and controls the process for electing nominees for general election. The two principal parties today in the two-party system are  the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.

49. Because the president was (and still is) the one nationally elected figure and hence was the only person who could speak for and to the American people, President Theodore Roosevelt called the presidency the  Bully..

50. Passed in response to Jim Crow laws and other restrictions of minorities' voting rights at the time, primarily in the Deep South, this measure made discrimination against minorities in voting and election procedures against federal law and required that states

which showed a history of voting discrimination against minorites had to clear their election laws with the federal government. This measure was the  Voting Rights Act of 1965....