History 1301 Lecture # 5 The Spanish Southwest PDF

Preview

Summary

just a few notes to get started on the course....

Description

Lecture # 5: The Spanish Southwest A. Early Spanish Explorations 1513-1580s Ponce de Leon 1513-Florida (later St. Augustine, first European city founded in the United States) Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca and Esteban—Galveston-through Texas to Jalisco 1528-1535 Hernando de Soto—The American Southeast (Georgia, Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi River, East Texas) 1540-1542 Francisco Coronado de Vazquez New Mexico, Colorado, Kansas—1540s--expedition split and Coronado went to Kansas and the other went through Arizona (Grand Canyon) and reached San Diego before returning and rejoining Coronado (Seven Cities of Gold) Juan de Onate—1598—Las Cruces, New Mexico, Acoma B. Borderlands Regions and Institutions 1. New Mexico Santa Fe, Albuquerque, sheep raising, wool industry, Mission society—purpose of the Missions—Christianization and Westernization, farming and agriculture, patriarchy, child rearing practices, displacement of Indian traditional authority—Franciscans The Pueblo Revolt of 1680-Pope, the Revolt, the Tigua, the aftermath—an Indo-Hispano culture emerged 2. Tejas 1716-1730s *French threat with La Salle expedition convinced Spain to rapidly settle Tejas. Military Colonies—Tlascalans, Apache/Comanche warfare San Antonio de Bejar and Goliad—ranching and farming Nuevo Santander (The Valley or South Texas)—ranching 350 ranches—fed the missions and cities, ran cattle to silver mines in San Luis Potosi and Guanajuato, vaqueros, longhorns, Mestas Nacogdoches—frontier culture—Caddoan and Hisini and Wichita Indians Presidios—forts—created to combat nomadic Native Americans (Comanche and Apache), establish borders (Nacogdoches in East Texas to fortify border with he French and Presidio California against the Russians in Alaska and Washington) and to reinforce and support missions.

3. California 1730s-1800— missions—Junipero Serra and genocide Ranches 4. Caste Structure in Spanish Mexico and the Spanish Borderlands Peninsulares Creoles Mestizos/Ladinos Indians African slaves (more on Atlantic Gulf Coast and Morelos) but escapees made it to the borderlands Race and caste structure broke down in the Spanish Borderlands 5. Legacy of the Spanish Borderlands The American Southeast—Florida, Mississippi, Carolinas, Georgia, even Kentucky What happened to the Spanish Borderlands in the Southeast? (humidity, rain, lack of mass settlement, later region became part of American southern history). Redirects American history south to north and not simply east to west-broader notion of the Americas Ancestral legacy of Mexican Americans and Latinx populations City and place names Impact on Native Americans—eastern hemisphere diseases and missions devastated Native Americans The introduction the horse altered the balance of power on the Great Plains as former agriculturalists now became nomadic—Apache, Comanche, Sioux, Arapahoe, Kiowa, Shoshone etc—displaced Mandan, Pawnee, Crow and also nomadic groups waged war on the Spanish, Mexicans, and later Americans....