HW Flying Cows Cost of Risk — the cost of managing risks and incurring losses. Total cost of risk is the sum of all aspects of an organization\'s operations that relate to risk, including retained (uni PDF

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Cost of Risk — the cost of managing risks and incurring losses. Total cost of risk is the sum of all aspects of an organization's operations that relate to risk, including retained (uninsured) losses and related loss adjustment expenses, risk control costs, transfer costs, and administrative costs....

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Flying Cows Disasters: Geology vs. Hollywood Tusk Almusawi Introduction In the movie Twister (1996), meteorologists/storm chasers are in pursuit of a storm with which they can use to study the mechanics of a tornado. There are storm chasers in real life, and they will put themselves into harm's way just to get close enough to dangerous storms. In this scene, as the meteorologists are chasing a tornado, they see some pretty amazing things flying through the air around the tornado.

Learning Objectives ● Construct the plausibility of a tornado being able to lift a cow with wind. (4, 5, b, c) ● Relate how we should prepare for tornadoes vs. preparation for hurricanes. (2, 5, d)

Part 1: Watch the clip from Twister As you can see in the clip, the chasers are driving between tornadoes when they see that cows are also caught up in the tornado. 1. Without knowing the wind speed or magnitude of the storm, do you think it’s plausible that a tornado can pick up a cow? I think it is plausible for a tornado or any wind speed or magnitude to pick up a cow giving the circumstances of tornados picking up houses and cars all the time. 2. Again, without knowing wind speed, do you think a tornado would be able to pick up and transport a cow? If the tornado was in the move and its speed was consistent, it will most likely transfer the cow with the direction of the tornado if it is caught in the tornado’s center or funnel.

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Part 2: A look at the numbers When the force of drag equals the force of gravity, you fall at a constant rate, called the “terminal velocity.” This is approximately 120 mph for a person. This also implies the reverse, that a wind of 120 mph could pick a person up. So what does this have to do with our cow? To lift the cow, the pressure of the wind on the cow must be at least equal to the weight of the cow divided by the surface area the cow presents to the wind. This can be summarized in the equation below:

Pressure Needed = Cow Weight / Available Cow Surface Area From this, we can figure out the needed wind speed, using a known relationship between wind speed and pressure, shown in the chart below.

Important information Average Cow Side Height

3 ft

Average Cow Butt Height

3 ft

Average Cow Side Length

5 ft

Average Cow Butt Length

3 ft

Average Cow Weight

1200 lbs

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Questions 1. What is the surface area the cow presents to the wind? Calculate this using the equation below and the values in the table above: Cow Side Surface Area = Cow Side Length x Cow Side Height Your Answer: ___15___ ft2

2. What is the pressure needed to lift the cow under these conditions? Calculate this using the equation below, the values in the table above, and your answer to the previous question: Pressure Needed = Cow Weight / Cow Side Surface Area Your Answer: ___80___ lbs/ft2

3. Use the “Force of Wind” chart from page 2. What wind speed is necessary to generate that much pressure? Your Answer: ___175___ mph

4. With this wind speed, what classification would this tornado be? Use the table on the “Force of Wind” chart. Your Answer: ___EF-4___

Okay, so it’s possible. But let’s be more realistic. The cow isn’t going to just stand there as the tornado approaches! It’s probably going to try to run away. This changes things, as it means the tornado will likely be trying to pick the cow up from behind, rather from the side. Let’s repeat some of the calculations above, considering the rear end of the cow as the surface area. 1. What is the area the cow presents to the wind? Calculate this using the equation below and the values in the table above: Cow Butt Surface Area = Cow Butt Length x Cow Butt Height Your Answer: ___9__ ft2

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2. What is the pressure needed to lift the cow under these conditions? Calculate this using the equation below, the values in the table above, and your answer to the previous question: Pressure Needed = Cow Weight / Cow Butt Area Your Answer: _133__lbs/ft2

3. Use the “Force of Wind” chart from page 2. What wind speed is necessary to generate that much pressure? Your Answer: _220-240_ mph

5. With this wind speed, what classification would this tornado be? Use the table on the “Force of Wind” chart. Your Answer: __EF-5___

Thought Questions: 1. Based on your results, is it possible for a tornado to make a cow fly? Explain your answer. With enough speed and pressure, it is possible for a tornado to make a cow fly. 2. Do you think the scene in “Twister” was realistic? Explain your reasoning. I think the scene is realistic because based on true events, history and documentaries, tornados can pick houses, vehicles, and much heavier objects. A flying cow is not at all odd. 3. Without doing the math, if you calculated the area of your own body, what tornado classification do you think would be necessary to pick you up? Probably an EF-4, an EF-5 with my cats. 4. What do you think you should do in the event of a tornado (regardless of the storm's magnitude)? Explain your answer. Navigate a place with a basement or use my own, protect the windows and doors with heavy/protective objects and get my emergency bag ready. As well as keep an eye on the news in case things escalate and need to evict....