IDC1 Notes Unit 1 PDF

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Notes from course materials in Unit 1 of IDC1. This includes content from videos and readings....

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IDC1 New Video p3 Define the problem - if the problem is lack of skills or knowledge, instructional design would be an appropriate solution to the problem; instructional unit will be created to build learns skills and knowledge in that area This is a systematic process Instructional systems design: Instructional design is the system of organized purposeful elements to achieve a particular instructional goal Elements are: -Analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) -feedback Reading: The Dick and Carey Systems Approach Model for Designing Instruction -The instructor, learners, materials, instructional activities, delivery system, and learning and performance environments interact and work with each other to bring about desired student learning outcomes -changes in one component can affect other components -Systems thinking or systems point of view: consider all instructional components -System: a set of interrelated parts, aloof which work together toward a defined goal; uses feedback to determine if desired goal has been reached -The most easily understood systems are those we create and can control rather than those that occur naturally -Success depends not on any one component in the system, but rather a determination of the exact contribution of each one to the desired outcome; must be a clear assessment of the effectiveness of the system in bringing about learning, and a mechanism to make changes if learning fails to occur -Systems approach describes a series of steps, all of which receive input from preceding steps and provide output for the next steps; all components work together -Instructional design (ID) is used as an umbrella term that includes all phases of the instructional systems development (ISD) process -Instructional strategy component of the model describes how the designer uses information from analyzing what is to be taught to formulate a plan for connecting learnings with the instruction being developed with the ID model -instruction is seen as organizing and providing sets of information, examples, experiences, and activities that guide, support, and augment students’ internal mental processes; learning occurs when students incorporate new information and schemes into their memories that enable new learning capabilities

-Constructivism: learning is a unique product constructed by each individual learner combining new information and experiences with existing knowledge Components of the Systems Approach Model: 1. Identify Instructional Goals: determine what new information and skills you want learners to have mastered when they have completed your instruction 2. Conduct Instructional Analysis: determine step by step what people are doing when they perform that goal; look at subskills needed for complete mastery of the goal; determine entry skills needed by learners to be successful in the new instruction 3. Analyze Learners & Contexts: determine learners current skills, preferences, and attitudes; determine the characteristics of the instructional setting and the setting in which the skills will eventually be used 4. Write Performance Objectives: specific statements of what learners will be able to do when they complete instruction; identify skills to be learned, conditions under which the skills will be demonstrated, and the criteria for successful performance 5. Develop Assessment Instruments: develop assessments parallel to and that measure learners ability to perform what you described in the objectives 6. Develop Instructional Strategy: based on information from 5 preceding steps; pre-instructional activities, presentation of new content with examples and demos, active learner participation and practice with feedback, follow-through activities that assess learning and relate newly learned skills to real-world applications 7. Develop and Select Instructional Materials: instructional strategy is used to produce the instruction; includes guidance for learners, instructional materials, and assessments 8. Design and Conduct Formative Evaluation of Instruction: series of evaluations to collect data used to identify problems with the instruction or opportunities to make the instruction better (formative); three types are one-to-one evaluation, small-group evaluation, and field trial evaluation 9. Revise Instruction: data from formative evaluation are summarized and interpreted to identify difficulties experienced by learners in achieving objectives and to relate these difficulties to specific deficiencies in the instruction; should also reexamine validity of instructional analysis and assumptions about entry skills and characteristics of learners; revising should be done continuously, not at the end of ID process Summative Evaluation: conducted by an independent evaluator; answers questions related to whether the instruction provided solved the problems it was designed to solve Why use this approach? 1. Powerful tool for planning successful standards-based education because of the tight alignment among learning outcomes, student characteristics, instructional activities, and assessments 2. Interlocking connection between each component allows for instruction specifically targeted on the skills and knowledge to be learning which helps supply appropriate conditions for these learning outcomes

3. Empirical and replicable process; can be designed for a single delivery or for use on multiple occasions with multiple learners -most research suggests that it is the analysis process and instructional strategies, rather than the delivery mode, that determine instructional success ADDIE Model (only five steps) -Analyze: who is audience and what are their characteristics? -Develop: list activities, select delivery method, review existing material, develop instructional courseware, synthesize courseware, validate instruction -Implement: a procedure for training the facilitators and the learners is developed -Evaluation: review and evaluate each phase; perform external evaluations; revise system to improve...