Inequalities of Class, Gender, and Ethnicity in the Philippines PDF

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Inequalities of Class, Gender, and Ethnicity in the Philippines Andrea Soco, Ph.D. Inequalities structure social relationships and shape every aspect of our lives. In the Philippines, the wide gap between the rich and the poor and the highly unequal distribution of resources have been the subject of...

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Inequalities of Class, Gender, and Ethnicity in the Philippines Andrea Soco, Ph.D. Inequalities structure social relationships and shape every aspect of our lives. In the Philippines, the wide gap between the rich and the poor and the highly unequal distribution of resources have been the subject of much debate and interrogation, from local non-government organizations to multilateral institutions. This course surveys theories on social inequality and, using selected case studies, provides a comprehensive examination of inequalities in the Philippines. It entails in-depth discussions on stratification and power relations in Philippine society, looking at the impact of institutions and discourse, and the dynamics of structure and agency on social class, ethnicity, and gender. As such, it serves as a useful tool for a critical analysis of social issues in the Philippines.

Requirements 1. Attendance: Students are strongly encouraged to attend class and to come on time. 2. Students are required to report on particular readings in workshop-type activities. Reports should include: i) a brief summary of the article, ii) a more in-depth discussion of the themes/key ideas of the paper, and iii) examples applying these ideas to everyday life. 3. There will be one midterm essay examination that will test how well students have understood the issues and theories taken up in class. 4. Students will be asked to submit a 15-page (double-spaced) paper at the end of the semester on a topic of their choice that is relevant to what has been discussed in class. 5. Films and documentaries will be screened to supplement the discussions. 6. Copies of the readings will be provided for photocopying. 7. Consultation hours are every Thursday, 9:00 to 10:30 am, at the Department of Sociology & Anthropology, Leong Hall, Ateneo de Manila University.

Course Outline and Readings Week 1: Introduction to the Course Weeks 2 to 4: Gender Inequalities Week 2: Theories of Gender  Henslin, James (2007) “On Becoming Male: Reflections of a Sociologist on Childhood and Early Socialization” in Down to Earth Sociology, United States: Free Press.  Lorber, Judith (1994) “Night to his Day”: The Social Construction of Gender” in Paradoxes of Gender, New Haven: Yale University Press. Week 3: Overview of Gender Inequality in the Philippines  Film on Gender Stratification

Week 4: Sex and Gender  Eviota, Elizabeth (1991) “Sex as a Differentiating Variable in Work and Power Relations” in SA 21 Selected Readings, Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University.  Tan, Michael, Ma. Theresa Batangan, and Henrietta Espanola (2001) Love and desire: Young Filipinos and Sexual Risks, Quezon City: UP Center for Women’s Studies. Week 5: Midterm Exam Weeks 6 to 8: Ethnic Inequalities Week 6: Theories of Race and Ethnicity 

Marks, Jonathan (1994) “Black, White, Other,” Natural History: 32-35.

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Lian Kwen Fee and Ananda Rajah (1993) “The Ethnic Mosaic” in Asia’s Cultural Mosaic: An Anthropological Introduction, New York: Prentice-Hall.

Week 7: Overview of Ethnic Inequality in the Philippines  Film on Ethnic Stratification Week 8: Race and Ethnicity  William Henry Scott (1985) “The Creation of a Cultural Minority” in Cracks in the Parchment Curtain and Other Essays in Philippine History, Quezon City: New Day.  Advincula-Caringal, Sharon (2012) “Shifting Paradigms: Solidarity Groups and the Muslim Secessionist Problem in the Philippines” in Comparative Islamic Studies, Sheffield: Equinox. Weeks 9 to 11: Social Stratification Week 9: Theories of Class  Gans, Herbert (1972) “The Positive Functions of Poverty,” The American Journal of Sociology, 78(2): 275-289. Week 10: Overview of Social Class in the Philippines  Film on Social Stratification Week 11: Class and Inequality  Karaos, Anna Marie (1991) “Manila Urban Poor: Dimensions of Marginality and Power” in SA 21 Selected Readings, Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University.  Kerkvliet, Benedict (1991) “Big and Little People: Social Class in the Rural Philippines” in SA 21 Selected Readings, Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University. Week 12: The Impact of Family, Religion, and Education in Social Stratification

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Rocamora, Joel (1995) “Classes, Bosses, Goons, and Guns: Re-imagining Philippine Political Culture” in J.F. Lacaba (ed) Boss: Five Case Studies of Local Politics in the Philippines, Pasig: Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism. McCoy, Alfred (1994) An Anarchy of Families: State and Family in the Philippines, Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press.

Week 13: Case Study - Gender and Migration  Kelly, Phil. and T. Lusis (2006) “Migration and the transnational habitus: evidence from Canada and the Philippines,” Environment and Planning A, 38: 831-847.  Pingol, Alicia (2001) Remaking Masculinities: Power and Gender Dynamics in Families with Migrant Wives and Househusbands, QC: University of the Philippines Center for Women’s Studies.  Tyner, James (2000) “Migrant labour and the politics of scale: gendering the Philippine state,” Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 41(2): 131-154. Week 14: Assertions, Resistance, and Social Change  Carroll, John SJ (1991) “Social Theory and Social Change in the Philippines” in SA 21 Selected Readings, Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila.  Soco, Andrea (2001) “More than a Cockfight?” The Philippine Daily Inquirer, 28 April 2001. Week 15: Summary...