Integumentary Review sheet PDF

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Integumentary Review sheet 1. Integumentary System a. Skin and accessory organs b. Regulates body temp c. Protection d. Provides sensory info e. Excretes and absorbs substances f. Synthesizes Vit D 2. Regions a. Epidermis - epithelium b. Dermis – connective tissue c. Hypodermis – adipose tissue 3. Epidermis a. Stratified squamous b. Avascular c. Cells i. Keratinocytes – 90% of cells ii. Melanocytes iii. Dendritic cells iv. Merkel cells v. Macrophages d. Layers i. Stratum Corneum – thickest layer ii. Stratum Lucidum – clear layer in thick skin iii. Stratum Granulosum – water proof layer iv. Stratum Spinosum – melanin, intermediate filaments v. Stratum Basale – deepest, mitotic 4. Dermis a. Flexible CT b. Cells i. Fibroblasts ii. Macrophages iii. Occasionally Mast cells & WBC c. Layers i. Papillary – loose areola 1. Dermal papillary 2. Sensory receptors – meissner’s corpuscles, free nerve endings ii. Reticular – dense irregular 1. 80% of the thickness 2. Collagen and elastic fibers 3. Sensory receptors – Pacinian corpuscle 5. Skin Markings a. Friction ridges – epidermis

b. Cleavage lines – dermis 6. Skin Color a. Melanin b. Carotene c. Hemoglobin 7. Appendages of Skin a. Sweat glands (merocrine and apocrine) b. Sebaceous glands (oil) - holocrine c. Hair i. Dead keratinized cells ii. Hair pigments iii. Hair follicle 1. Outer CT 2. Inner epithelial root sheath 3. Hair follicle receptor 4. Arrector pili iv. Hair 1. Cuticle, cortex and medulla d. Nails i. Hard keratin ii. Eponychium, hyponychium, lunule, nail root, nail medulla 8. Skin cancer – ABCD rule a. Basal cell carcinoma – most common, least malignant b. Squamous cell carcinoma – stratum spinosum c. Melanoma – highly metastatic 9. Burns – rule of nines a. Burn depth: First degree, second degree and third degree burns 10. Tissue Repair a. Inflammation b. Organization and restoration of blood supply c. Regeneration and fibrosis...