Kaligotla PSYCHOLOGY Unit 7 PDF

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general psychology assignment from chapter 7 studo...

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Kaligotla, Soundarya PSY 150-2801 October 11, 2021

Chapter 7 Assignment 1. When Karl was a child, he loved to sit in his grandmother’s kitchen watching her cook Italian food. Now, whenever he smells Italian food, he instantly remembers those childhood times. For Karl, the smell of Italian food is a retrieval cue for memories about his grandmother. 2. Inattention and the shallow encoding of events can often result in absentmindedness, which leads to forgetting. 3. You study Spanish during high school but then take Portuguese when you are in college. Now, whenever you try to remember a word in Spanish, you can only remember that word in Portuguese. This effect is most likely due to retroactive interference 4. Beth recently changed her e-mail password. For the first few days after changing her password, she kept trying to log in with the old password. Which of the following was Beth experiencing? Proactive interference 5. Name the three stages of information processing in the acquisition of memory. Encoding Storage Retrieval 6. Explain the phenomenon of change blindness. What does it tell us about attention and information processing? Give one real-world example of change blindness. Change blindness happens when a change in a visual stimulus is introduced and the observer does not notice it. Someone talking on the phone while driving can cause change blindness. 7. Describe the three-part memory storage system. Compare each part in terms of duration and capacity. For a memory to go into storage, it passes through sensory, short-term memory, and finally long-term memory. Sensory memory stores brief sensory events- such as sights, sounds, and tastes- for up to a couple of seconds. Short-term memory lasts about twenty seconds. People usually store about 7 items in short-term memory, sometimes five or nine times. Long-term memory includes a range of memories, from ones occurring moments ago to memories from days, weeks, and years back. It has no limits to its capacity.

Kaligotla, Soundarya PSY 150-2801 October 11, 2021 8. Describe the primacy and recency effects. Which effect provides support for short-term storage? Explain why. Which effect provides support for long-term storage? Explain why. The primacy effect is the tendency to recall information at the start of a list better than information at the middle or end, supporting longterm storage because it lasts longer. The recency effect is the tendency to recall information that is more recently presented, supporting short-term storage because it is recent and actively maintained. 9. Describe the levels of processing model. Explain the difference between maintenance and elaborative rehearsal, and provide an example (one example for each kind of rehearsal). Include the number of times you need to review and repeat as well as ways to connect information to other facts about yourself or you already know to remember it. Explain why you cannot remember information without the time and repetition to learn and remember new information

10. The string of 16-digits 1776149217872014 is difficult to remember. If a person breaks them up into four groups of four digits (1776, 1492, 1787, and 2014), these numbers are easier to remember, due to...