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Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

Bryophytes Activity 1. Marchantia (Liverworts) View a live specimen of Marchantia. Label the following structures: thallus, gemmae cups, antheridiophore, archegoniophore.

A. B. C. D.

Archegoniophore Thallus Gemmae cups Antheridiophore

View a prepared slide of Marchantia antheridiophore. Label the following parts: antheridiophore, antheridium, spermatogenous tissue.

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

A. antheridium B. Spermatogenous tissue C. antheridiophore

View a prepared slide of Marchantia archegoniophore. Label the following parts: archegoniophore, egg, neck of archegonium, slime gland.

A. B. C. D.

Slime gland egg neck of archegonium archegeniophore

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

View a prepared slide of Marchantia gemmae. Label the following parts: gemmae, gemmae cup.

A. gemmae B. gemmae cup

View a prepared slide of Marchantia mature sporophyte. Label the following parts: foot, seta (stalk), sporangium (capsule), spores.

A. B. C. D.

Sporangium Foot Seta Spores

View a Marchantia life history set and insert the corresponding number for the following: antheridiophore, archegoniophore.

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

Number Structure 4 Antheridiophore 3 Archegoniophore

Activity 2. Anthoceros (Hornworts) View a preserved specimen of Anthoceros. Label the following structures: gametophyte, sporophyte.

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

A. Sporophyte B. Gametophyte

Activity 3. Polytrichum (Mosses) View a live specimen of Polytrichum. Label the following structures: leafy gametophyte, dependent sporophyte (if present).

A. Leafy gametophyte B. Dependent sporophyte

View a preserved specimen of Polytrichum (moss) and label the following: gametophyte, sporophyte.

A. Sporophyte B. Gametophyte

View a prepared slide of Polytrichum (moss) antheridia & archegonia. Label the following parts: archegonia, egg, venter, stalk, antheridium, spermatogenous tissue.

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

A. Antheridium B. spermatogeous tissue C. Egg D. Venter E. Archegonia F. Stalk

View a prepared slide of Polytrichum (moss) mature capsule. Label the following parts: columella, spores, operculum.

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

A. operculum B. spores C. columella

View a prepared slide of Polytrichum (moss) protonema. Notice the chloroplasts.

View a prepared slide of Polytrichum (moss) young gametophyte.

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

View a preserved specimen of Polytrichum (moss) capsules. Label the following structures: sporangium (capsule), operculum, seta.

A. Operculum B. Sporangium C. Seta

Monilophyta Activity 4. Ferns

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I View a live specimen of a fern. Label the following structures: sporophyte, sori, fiddlehead (if present).

A. Sori B. fiddle head C. sporophyte

In a face to face lab, you would use a fern leaf to make a wet mount of a sorus (cluster of sporangia) using a drop of glycerol and a depression slide, and view under the microscope. Label the following structures: sporangia, spores.

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

A. spores B. sporangia

View a prepared slide of fern sori. Label the following parts: sori, annulus, sporangium, spores.

A. B. C. D.

sori spores annulus sporangium

View a prepared slide of fern antheridia and archegonia (prothallus). Label the following parts: rhizoid, antheridium, archegonium.

A. archegonia B. antheridia C. rhizoids

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

View a prepared slide of fern young sporophyte. Label the following parts: young sporophyte, prothallium (gametophyte), rhizoids.

A. Prothallium B. Young sporophyte C. Rhizoids

Activity 5. Equisetum (Horsetails) View a live specimen of Equisetum. Label the following structures: leaf sheath, ribbed stem, strobilus (if present).

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

A. Strobilus B. Ribbed stem C. Leaf sheath

Activity 6. Psilotum nudum (whisk fern) View a live specimen of Psilotum nudum. Label the following structures: mature sporophyte, synangia (sporangia), dichotomous branching.

A. Mature sporophyte B. Synangia C. Dichotomous branching

Lycophyta Activity 7. Selaginella (spike moss)

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I View a live specimen of Selaginella. Label the following: mature sporophyte, strobili (cones, if present).

A. Mature sporophyte B. Strobili

View a prepared slide of Selaginella strobilus. Label the following parts: ligule, microsporangium, microspores, megasporangium, megaspores, cone axis.

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

A. B. C. D. E. F.

Activity 8. Isoetes flaccida (Quillwort) View a live specimen of Isoetes flaccida.

Ligule Microsporangium Microspores Cone axis Megasporangium Megaspore

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

Activity 9. Lycopodium (club moss) View a live specimen of Lycopodium. Identify the structure denoted. Type your answer into the text box provided.

strobilus

View a prepared slide of Lycopodium strobilus. Label the following parts: sporangium, sporophyll, spores.

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

A. Spores B. Sporophyll C. Sporangium

Post Lab Questions

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I 1. Complete the fern life cycle and label the structures using the table provided. Under the

table, explain what parts of the cycle are haploid or diploid, as well as where in the cycle mitosis and meiosis are occurring.

A. spore B. young gametophyte C. antheridium D. sperm E. egg F. archegonium G. fertilization

H. zygote I. gametophyte J. sporophyte (young) K. sori L. sporangium M. meiosis N. sporangium

2. Explain the difference between homosporous and heterosporous. Give an example of each.

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

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Homosporous: produce only 1 type of spore, & theyre are small Heterosporous: produce two types of spores: microspore and the megaspore.

3. Why is Equisetum sometimes referred to as the “scouring rush”? What compound is in their stems?

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They have really rough and durable stems, they were called scouring rushes because way back when they were used to scrub dishes Stem compound: Silica

4. What is meant by circinate vernation? Does this growth pattern exist in the sporophyte or gametophyte generation?

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It’s the pattern a fern frond comes from // sporophyte generation

5. What are gemmae? Are they haploid or diploid?

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Small tissue discs, that allow for new gametophytes // haploid

6. Describe the appearance of the sporophyte and gametophyte in hornworts.

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sporophyte- erect, elongated, shaped kind of like a horn gametophyte- wrinkly, green, branched sheet.

7. List three features of Psilotum nudum.

1. no roots or leaves. 2.has forked green photosynthetic stems above surface 3. homosporous sporangia release the plants spores

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I

8. What is the protonema? In what group of plants does it exist? Is it haploid or diploid?

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a threadlike chain of cells that form the earliest stage of life // mosses and liverworts // haploid

9. What is the ecological role of mosses and ferns?

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retain water make soil fertile good crop nutrition

Lab 4 Plant Diversity I 10. Complete the moss life cycle and label the structures using the table provided. Under the table, explain what parts of the cycle are haploid or diploid, as well as where in the cycle mitosis and meiosis are occurring.

A. peristome B. sporangium C. protonemata D. sperm E. egg F. Fertilization

G. zygote H. embryo I. young sporophyte J. mature sporophyte K. meiosis...