Lab2 Online Dr Amanidf PDF

Preview

Summary

dfdf...

Description

PC Maintenance Lab Lab 2: Motherboard Components Objective: The objective of this lab is to familiarize with the various components of a motherboard and its configuration. In addition, expansion slots will be discussed. Most of the components in PCs are mounted on printed circuit boards. The motherboard is the largest printed circuit. Expansion cards and memory chips plug into the motherboard. Components that at first glance don’t appear to have circuit boards often have them hidden inside their housing. Disk drives and some microprocessor, such as Pentium II and III, tie together their internal parts with printed circuits. Form Factors: The form factor of the motherboard describes its size, design, power supply configuration and circuit organization. There are various form factors, the most commonly known are: ▪ AT and Baby AT. ▪ ATX, Micro-ATX, Flex-ATX ▪ Mini-ITX (flex-ATX variation) ▪ LPX and Mini LPX ▪ NLX Note: The most common PC motherboard is the ATX family board. The best way to tell whether your system has an ATX motherboard is to look at the back of the system. Two distinguishing features identify ATX: 1. The expansion boards plug directly into the motherboard. There is usually no riser card as with LPX or NLX. 2. There is a unique double-high connector area for all built-in connectors on the motherboard. This is found just to the side of the bus slot area. Most modern motherboards have at least the following major components on them: ▪ Processor socket/slot ▪ Chipset (North/South Bridge or memory and I/O controller hubs) ▪ Super I/O chip ▪ ROM BIOS ▪ SIMM/DIMM/RIMM (RAM memory) socket ▪ ISA/PCI/AGP bus slots ▪ CPU voltage regulator ▪ Battery

1= 2= 3= 4= 5= 6= 7= 8=

Power supply ATX Floppy Disk Drive IDE drives 3 and 4 (secondary) Connector for front panel IDE drives 1 and 2 (primary) Fan 2 OEM LED Cover monitoring

9 = USB ports C / D 10 = USB ports E / F 11 = COM2 12 = SP/DIF (digital Audio) 13 = Audio front panel 14 = CD audio input 15 = Power supply +12 V 16 = Fan 1

System Buses: The main buses in a modern system are as follows: ▪ Processor bus: This is the highest-speed bus in the system and it is used primarily by the processor to pass information to and from cache or main memory and the North Bridge of the chipset. ▪ AGP bus: This is a high-speed 32-bit bus specifically for a video card. It is connected to the North Bridge or Memory Controller Hub of the chipset and is manifested as a single AGP slot in system that support it. ▪ PCI bus: This bus is manifested in the system as a collection of 32-bit slots, normally white in color and numbering from four to six on most motherboards. High-speed peripherals, such as SCSI adapters, network cards, video cards, and more, can be plugged into PCI bus slots.

▪

ISA bus: This is a very slow-speed bus that has been used in the past for plug-in modems, sound cards, and various other low-speed peripherals. The Super I/O chip usually was connected to the ISA bus on systems that included ISA slots. (Note that the EISA BUS was essentially a 32-bit version of ISA)

One important interface connected to the ISA bus on the motherboard is the IDE interface. IDE is used to connect hard disks, CD and DVD drives, high-capacity SuperDisk floppy drives, and tape drives. There are two main types of IDE, Serial AT Attachment (SATA) and Parallel AT Attachment (ATA). Expansion Slots and Boards: Expansion slots are slots that allow additional boards to be connected to the computer. There are different expansion slots on a computer motherboard. Some have been phased out like the ISA, and VESA, and modern expansion slots like the AGP and PCI have taken their place. The slots differ from each other by the bus size and speed. Bus type PC/XT ISA EISA MCA VESA PCI

Bus data width 8 bits 16 bits 32 bits 32 bits 32 bits 32 bits

Bus speed 4.7 - 8 MHz 8 MHz 8 MHz 8 MHz 33 MHz to 50 MHz 33 MHz

Data transfer rate 3.25 (Mbits/Sec) 6.5 (Mbits/Sec) 32 (Mbits/Sec) 20 (Mbits/Sec) 132 (Mbits/Sec) and above 132 (Mbits/Sec)

Expansion slots accept graphics cards, modems, network cards, sound cards, and other interface cards such as USB, Firewire, SCSI, and so on. PC motherboards have two or more empty Expansion slots, also called PCI slots which Usually are painted white. The brown slot is the AGP slot.

Exercise 1: Refer to the exhibit, answer the following questions.

Figure 1: Motherboard

Questions: 1. How many PCI/AGP slots are in the system?

2. What is the data transfer rate for PCI and AGP buses?

3. How many RAM slots are in the system?

4. Locate CPU, North Bridge, South Bridge on the figure.

Exercise 2: sketch a rough draft of the motherboard layout in Figure1, and label the different connections.

Exercise 3: In this exercise you will learn to remove the motherboard from the case. 1. Watch the first part of following video which shows how to remove motherboard from the case. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ctAVC2JwEwI 2. Write down the steps shown the provided video for removing the motherboard.

Questions: 1. What is the form factor of this motherboard?

2. How did you identify the form factor?

3. What is the brand name of the CPU? What is the CPU type?

Exercise 4: In this exercise you will learn to install the motherboard back in the case. 1. Watch the last part of following video which shows how to install motherboard back in the case. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ctAVC2JwEwI 2. Write down the steps shown the provided video for installing the motherboard.

Assemble and de-assemble PC: For online Training: Use the link below to work with IT Essential virtual desktop and learn how to assemble and disassemble PC as you are working in the Lab. http://www.helenacollege.edu/webfiles/Virtual%20Computers/Desktop/en_ITEPC_VA_ Desktop_v40/Index.html...