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MODULE MODULE 2 LAW LAW ENFORCEMENT ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION POLICE POLICE ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION AND AND ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION WITH WITH POLICE POLICE PLANNING PLANNING

I.

MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION CONCEPTS

ORGANIZATION aa group group of of persons persons working working together together for for aa common common or or objectives objectives a form of human association association for the attainment goal goal or or objective objective the process of identifying identifying and grouping the work performed, performed, defining defining and and delegating delegating responsibility responsibilit authority, authority, establishing establishing relationships relationships for for the the pur pu of of enabling enabling people people work work effectively effectively POLICE POLICE ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION - aa group group of of trained trained personnel personnel in in the the field field of of pu p safety safety administration administration engaged engaged in in the the achievemen achievemen goals goals and and objectives objectives that that promotes promotes the the maintenanc maintenan peace peace and and order, order, protection protection of of life life and and prope prop enforcement enforcement of of the the laws laws and and the the prevention prevention of of crime crim LAW LAW ENFORCEMENT ENFORCEMENT AGENCY AGENCY - pertains pertains to to an an organization organization responsible responsible for for enfor enfo the laws ENFORCEMENT means to command

compel

obedience

to

a

law,

regulati

OBJECTIVES refer to the purpose by which the organizatio organizatio created refer to the goals of the organizations organizations PNP MISSION “To “To enforce enforce the the law, law, to to prevent prevent and and control control crim cri maintain maintain peace peace and and order, order, and and to to ensure ensure public public safe saf internal internalsecurity securitywith withthe theactive activesupport supportof ofthe thecomm comm

ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION

an organizational organizational process concerned with implementation implementation of of objectives objectives and and plans plans and and inte int operating operating efficiency efficiency

POLICE/LAW POLICE/LAW ENFORCEMENT ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION - the the process process involved involved in in ensuring ensuring strict strict complia compli proper proper obedience obedience of of laws laws and and related related statutes statutes - focuses focuses on on the the policing policing process process or or how how law law enforce enforc agencies agencies are are organized organized and and managed managed in in order order to to ach ac the the goals goals of of law law enforcement enforcement most most effecti effecti efficiently efficiently and and productively productively SUPERVISION means the act of watching over the work or ta the the members members of of the the organization organization to to ensure ensure that that de de results results are are achieved achieved MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT the process of directing and facilitating facilitating the wo people people organized organized in in formal formal groups groups in in order order to to ach ac objectives judicious or wise use of resources (man material, material, money, money, equipment, equipment, supplies, supplies, time time etc) etc) AUTHORITY AUTHORITY - the the right right to to command command and and control control the the behavio behavio employees employees in in lower lower positions positions within within an an organizat organizat hierarchy - must must be be viewed viewed in in terms terms of of prescribed prescribed roles roles rr than than of of individuals individuals - aa particular particular position position within within an an organization organization ca ca the the same same regardless regardless of of who who occupies occupies that that position position HIERARCHY - represents represents the the formal formal relationship relationship among among superiors superior subordinates subordinates in in any any given given organization organization - serves serves as as the the framework framework for for the the flow flow of of auth auth downward, downward, and and obedience obedience upward, upward, through through the the departm depart MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT OR OR ADMINISTRATIVE ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS 1) -

2)

PLANNING the determination determination in advance of how the objectiv objecti the the organization organization will will be be attained attained the process of setting performance performance objective identifying identifying the the actions actions needed needed to to accomplish accomplish them them working out in broad outline the things that n be be done done and and the the methods methods for for doing doing them them to to accomp accom the the purpose purpose set set for for the the enterprise enterprise ORGANIZING

involves the determination determination and allocation of t and and women women as as well well as as the the resource resource of of an an organiz organiz

POLICE/LAW POLICE/LAW ENFORCEMENT ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION - the the process process involved involved in in ensuring ensuring strict strict complia compli proper proper obedience obedience of of laws laws and and related related statutes statutes - focuses focuses on on the the policing policing process process or or how how law law enforce enforc agencies agencies are are organized organized and and managed managed in in order order to to ach ac the the goals goals of of law law enforcement enforcement most most effecti effecti efficiently efficiently and and productively productively SUPERVISION means the act of watching over the work or ta the the members members of of the the organization organization to to ensure ensure that that de de results results are are achieved achieved MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT the process of directing and facilitating facilitating the wo people people organized organized in in formal formal groups groups in in order order to to ach ac objectives judicious or wise use of resources (man material, material, money, money, equipment, equipment, supplies, supplies, time time etc) etc) AUTHORITY AUTHORITY - the the right right to to command command and and control control the the behavio behavio employees employees in in lower lower positions positions within within an an organizat organizat hierarchy - must must be be viewed viewed in in terms terms of of prescribed prescribed roles roles rr than than of of individuals individuals - aa particular particular position position within within an an organization organization ca ca the the same same regardless regardless of of who who occupies occupies that that position position HIERARCHY - represents represents the the formal formal relationship relationship among among superiors superior subordinates subordinates in in any any given given organization organization - serves serves as as the the framework framework for for the the flow flow of of auth auth downward, downward, and and obedience obedience upward, upward, through through the the departm depart MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT OR OR ADMINISTRATIVE ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS 1) -

2)

PLANNING the determination determination in advance of how the objectiv objecti the the organization organization will will be be attained attained the process of setting performance performance objective identifying identifying the the actions actions needed needed to to accomplish accomplish them them working out in broad outline the things that n be be done done and and the the methods methods for for doing doing them them to to accomp accom the the purpose purpose set set for for the the enterprise enterprise ORGANIZING

involves the determination determination and allocation of t and and women women as as well well as as the the resource resource of of an an organiz organiz

3)

DIRECTING - involves involves the the overseeing overseeing and and supervising supervising of of the the h resources resources and and the the various various activities activities in in organization organization to to achieve achieve through through cooperative cooperative ef ef the the pre-determined pre-determined goals goals or or objectives objectives of of organization organization - also also called called leading, leading, the the process process of of directing directing coordinating coordinating the the work work efforts efforts of of other other people people to to them them accomplish accomplish important important task task - task task of of making making decisions decisions and and embodying embodying them the specific specific and and general general orders orders and and instructions instructions

4) -

CONTROLLING involves the checking or evaluation and measurem measurem work work performance performance and and comparing comparing it it with with planned planned g or or objectives objectives of of the the organization, organization, and and making making necessary necessary corrective corrective actions actions so so that that work work accomplished accomplished as as planned planned the process of monitoring performance, performance, com results results to to objectives objectives and and taking taking corrective corrective actio acti necessary also called supervising

-

-

5) -

STAFFING the task of providing competent men to do the j choosing choosing the the right right men men for for the the right right job job involves good selection and processing of reliab well-trained well-trained personnel personnel filling the organization organization with the right people right right position position

6) -

REPORTING the making of detailed account of activities, activities, progress, progress, investigations investigations and and unusual unusual in in order order to to every every one one informed informed or or what what is is going going on on

7) -

BUDGETING the forecasting forecasting in detail of the results officially officially recognized recognized program program of of operations operations base bas the the highest highest reasonable reasonable expectations expectations of of oper oper efficiency

PRINCIPLES PRINCIPLES OF OF EFFICIENT EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT DIVISION OF WORK work specialization specialization can increase efficiency same same amount amount of of effort effort

wit

AUTHORITY AUTHORITY AND AND RESPONSIBILITY RESPONSIBILITY

UNITY UNITY OF OF COMMAND COMMAND subordinate subordinate only

should

receive

orders

from

one

su

SCALAR CHAIN the hierarchy of authority is the order of rank the the highest highest to to the the lowest lowest levels levels of of the the organizatio organizati shows the vertical hierarchy of the organization organization defines defines an an unbroken unbroken chain chain of of units units from from top top to to bo b describing describing explicitly explicitly the the flow flow of of authority authority ORGANIZATIONAL ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS UNITS IN IN THE THE POLICE POLICE ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION 1) FUNCTIONAL UNITS a) BUREAU the largest organic functional unit within a large large department; department; comprises comprises of of several several divisi divisi b) b) DIVISION a primary subdivision subdivision of a bureau c) SECTION functional unit within a division that is necessary necessary for for specialization specialization d) UNIT functional group within a section or the sm functional functional group group within within an an organization organization 2)

TERRITORIAL UNITS POST a) a fixed point or location to which an office assigned assigned for for duty, duty, such such as as aa designated designated desk desk office office or or an an intersection intersection or or cross cross walk walk from from traffic traffic duty duty ROUTE b) a length of streets designated for patrol purposes; purposes; also also called called line line beat beat BEAT c) an area assigned for patrol purposes, whethe foot foot or or motorized motorized d) SECTOR an area containing two or more beats, routes posts e) DISTRICT a geographical geographical subdivision subdivision of a city for pat purposes, purposes, usually usually with with its its own own station station AREA AREA f) a section or territorial territorial division of a larg each each comprised comprised of of designated designated districts districts

FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS IN IN AA POLICE POLICE ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION 1) PRIMARY OR LINE FUNCTIONS

2) -

-

3)

STAFF/ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS functions that are designed to support the functions and assist in the performance of the functions examples of the staff functions of the police are planning, research, budgeting and legal advice AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS - functions involving the logistical operations o organization - examples are training, communication, mainten records management, supplies and equipment managem

ORGANIC UNITS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION 1) OPERATIONAL UNITS - those that perform primary or line functions - examples are patrol, traffic, investigation and control, 2)ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS - those that perform the administrative functions examples are personnel, finance, planning and trai 3) SERVICE UNITS - those that perform auxiliary functions - examples are communication, records supplies

manage

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE the systematic arrangement of the relationship members, positions, departments and functions or of the organization it is comprised of functions, relation responsibilities and authorities of individuals w the organization KINDS OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES 1) LINE - the oldest and simplest kind; also called military - defined by its clear chain of command from the h to the lowest and vice versa - depicts the line functions of the organization - orders or commands must come from the higher lev authority before it can be carried out - involves few departments 2) FUNCTIONAL

-

structure according to functions and specialized u depicts staff functions of the organization

-

generally more departments

formal

in

nature

and

has

The Philippine National Police follows the and staff kind of organizational structure. ORGANIZATIONAL CHART an illustration in the form of a chart represents the organizational structure the mechanical means of depicting, by an arran of symbols, the relationships that exist be individuals, groups and functional relation between groups and individuals clearly define ensure accountability and compliance ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES FOUR PRIMAL CONDITIONS OF AN ORGANIZATION 1) AUTHORITY the supreme source of government for any part organization the right to exercise, to decide and to comma virtue of rank and position 2) -

MUTUAL COOPERATION an organization exists because it serves a purpos

3) -

DOCTRINE provides for the organization’s objectives provides the various actions, hence, pol procedures, rules and regulations of the organiz are based on the statement of doctrines

4) -

DISCIPLINE comprising behavioral regulations

ELEMENTS OF POLICE ORGANIZATION 1) UNITY OF COMMAND dictates that there should only be ONE MAN comm the unit to ensure uniformity in the executio orders 2) -

SPAN OF CONTROL the maximum number of subordinates that a superi effectively supervise Factors affecting the span of control:

a) Leadership qualities of the supervisors b) Nature of the job and work conditions

-

-

5) -

-

-

-

serves as the framework for the flow of aut downward and obedience upward through the departme

HIERARCHY represents the formal relationship among superio subordinates in any given organization SPECIALIZATION the assignment of particular tasks

personnel

to

part

SPECIALIZATION OF JOBS (AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION) the designation of certain activities or tasks a that must be performed in a highly technolog scientific or precise manner areas of police specialization include unde works, crime scene operations, legal advi computer work, SWAT operations and others SPECIALIZATION OF PEOPLE (SPECIALISTS) the designation of particular persons as expertise in a specific area of work signifies the adaptation of an individual t requirements through extensive training

6) -

CHAIN OF COMMAND the arrangement of officers from top to bottom basis of rank or position and authority

7) -

COMMAND RESPONSIBILITY dictates that immediate commanders shal responsible for the effective supervision and co of their personnel and unit

II.

EVOLUTION OF THE POLICING SYSTEM

ORIGIN OF THE WORD “POLICE”

POLITEIA – Greek word which means government of the cit POLITIA – Roman word which means condition of the sta government POLICE – French word which was later adopted by the En language

THEORIES OF POLICE SERVICE

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policemen are regarded as state or servants o higher authorities the people have no share or have little partici with the duties nor connection with the p organization

CONCEPTS OF POLICE SERVICE OLD CONCEPT 1) police service gives the impression of being me suppressive machinery this philosophy advocates that the measureme police competence is the increasing number of arr throwing offenders in detention facilities rather trying to prevent them from committing crimes 2) -

MODERN CONCEPT regards police as the first line of defense o criminal justice system, an organ of crime prevent police efficiency is measured by the decreasing of crimes broadens police activities to cater to social se and has for its mission the welfare of the indiv as well as that of the community in general

EARLY POLICING SYSTEM 1) KIN POLICING the family of the offended individual was expec assume responsibility for justice the family of the victim was allowed to vengeance 2) -

-

3) -

-

EGYPT ancient rulers had elite unit to protect them created the MEDJAYS, a form of police force duties include guarding of the tombs and apprehe thieves introduced the use of dogs as guards and protecto ROME created the first organized police force VIGILES OF ROME, or VIGILES URBANI (watchmen o city), which had the primary task of firefightin policing the Vigiles acted as night watch, apprehe thieves, keeping an eye out for burglars and hu down runaway slaves, and were on occasion use maintain order in the streets

the Vigiles dealt primarily looked for disturbances of

with petty crime the peace while

a) -

b) -

FRANKPLEDGE SYSTEM/MUTUAL PLEDGE SYSTEM required all males aged 12 and above to join a of nine to form a TYTHING members of the tything are called a TYTHINGMEN a CONSTABLE served as a leader of ten tythings the primary task of the things was to protect village from thieves and animals tythings were later organized into SHIRES a shire was headed by a leader called SHIRE R which is the origin of the word “sheriff” their duty was to apprehend offenders PARISH CONSTABLES a parish official charged with controlling crimes appointed to serve for one year duties included organizing watchmen to guard the during trouble, the watchman would raise a “HU CRY”, a call to arms where the rest of the p would stop what they were doing and come to the a the constable

MODERN POLICING SYSTEM 1) a) -

b) -

ENGLAND BOW...