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Libro Pro tools 101...

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Pro Tools

®

101:

An InTroducTIon To Pro Tools 11

Frank d. cook

Cengage Learning PTR

Australia, Brazil, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Singapore, Spain, United Kingdom, United States

Pro Tools® 101: An Introduction to Pro Tools 11 Frank D. Cook

This guide is copyrighted ©2014 by Avid Technology, Inc. and its licensors. All rights reserved.

Publisher and General Manager, Cengage Learning PTR: stacy l. Hiquet

All rIGHTs rEsErVEd. no part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, includin but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under section 107 or 108 of the 1976 united states copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Associate Director of Marketing: sarah Panella Manager of Editorial Services: Heather Talbot Senior Marketing Manager: Mark Hughes Acquisitions Editor: orren Merton Project and Copy Editor: cathleen d. small Interior Layout: shawn Morningstar Cover Designer: Avid Technology, Mike Tanamachi DVD-ROM Producer: Avid Technology, Brandon Penticuff Indexer: sharon shock Proofreader: Megan Belanger

no part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose without the express writte permission of Avid Technology, Inc., except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review.

digidesign, Pro Tools, VEnuE, sibelius, and all related product names and logos are registered trademarks of Avid Technology, Inc. in the united states and/or other countries.

For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706 For permission to use material from this text or product, submit all requests online at cengage.com/permissions Further permissions questions can be emailed to [email protected]

Glad® is a registered trademark of The Glad Products company. used with permission. The Glad® image is ©2009 The Glad Products company. reprinted with permission. cEnGAGE andcEnGAGE lEArnInG are registered trademarks ofcengage learning, Inc., within the united states and certain other jurisdictions. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. All images ©Avid Technology, Inc. unless otherwise noted. The media provided with this book, and accompanying course material, is to be used only to complete the exercises contained herein. rights are not granted to use the footage/sound materials in any commercial or non-commercial produ tion or video. All product features and specifications are subject to change without notice. PT101, Version 11.0 Pn: 9900-65037-00 library of congress control number: 2013942736 IsBn-13: 978-1-285-77484-8 IsBn-10: 1-285-77484-1 Cengage Learning PTR 20 channel center street Boston, MA 02210 usA cengage learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions with office locations around the globe, including singapore, the united Kingdom, Australia, Mexico, Brazil, and Japan. locate your local office at: international.cengage.com/region cengage learning products are represented in canada by nelson Education, ltd. For your lifelong learning solutions, visit cengageptr.com. Visit our corporate Web site at cengage.com.

Printed in the United States of America

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 15 14 13

This book is dedicated to musicians, sound designers, audio editors, mixing engineers, and Pro Tools enthusiasts everywhere— industry leaders of the future.

© Ernie Ruiz.

This edition of the book is also dedicated to my friend, bandmate, and fellow Pro Tools user, Joel Kelly, who passed from this world far too soon. Your music brought a bit of heaven to earth; your smile brought joy to all it reached. You are dearly missed.

Joel Kelly (June 7, 1971 to April 2, 2012)

Foreword For more than 20 years, Avid has been developing professional training and making it available for various audiences. Pro Tools training has been offered through multiple venues and has grown to encompass a wide network of Avid Learning Partners. Early on, we recognized the growing need for an official training platform designed around Pro Tools certification. In 2001, we began research and development for this undertaking, meeting with major audio engineering schools and audio industry leaders. The result was a program that established comprehensive course and exam requirements for students with an emphasis in either music production or video post-production. Official training centers have since been established worldwide, offering various levels of Pro Tools certification. The Pro Tools 101 course serves as the first step toward certification at any level. In this latest edition of the Pro Tools 101 book, the content has been updated to reflect changes and enhancements introduced in Pro Tools 11, including the transition of the software to a 64-bit native application. Pro Tools 11 incorporates a new Avid Audio Engine, for uncompromised plug-in performance, and a new Avid Video Engine derived from the engine core of Avid Media Composer. This edition of the book also covers the long-awaited offline bounce feature, enhancements to the Workspace browser, and other improved Pro Tools capabilities, such as the increase to 64 levels of undo. Today, the Avid Learning Partner program supports certification in Pro Tools, Media Composer, Sibelius, ICON, and VENUE Live Sound systems. With more than 600 learning partners in over 45 different countries supporting more than 100,000 student enrollments to date, the Avid Learning Partner program is the leading resource for training in Pro Tools software today. The Avid Certification Directory at www.avid.com offers a searchable database of more than 15,000 certified Pro Tools Users, Operators, and Experts. Avid continues to work with industry leaders to promote active recruiting of graduates trained in the curriculum. We are excited to be offering this updated book to complement the Pro Tools 11 release, and we encourage your participation in our program. Andy Cook Avid Learning Partner Program June 2013

Acknowledgments The following individuals have provided critical assistance, input, information, and material for this book and its many editions over the years. Avid/Digidesign (current and former): Andy Cook, Andy Hagerman, Eric Kuehnl, Greg Robles, Jim Metzendorf, Mark Altin, Scott Church, Simon Sherbourne, Tim Mynett, Tom Dambly Amanda Goodroe, DDB San Francisco Frank Brooks, DDB San Francisco Joe Kay, Independent Pro Tools Consultant Joel Krantz, Independent Pro Tools Consultant Rob Campbell, formerly at Encompass Audio

Special Thanks Special thanks to Cathleen Small for diligently editing the manuscript and to Shawn Morningstar for updating the layout.

Extra-Special Thanks Kudos and extra-special thanks to all Avid Learning Partners and certified instructors, who have tirelessly worked with us to help shape this program and who have generously provided their valuable feedback for our courseware.

About the Author The courseware for this book was developed by Frank D. Cook, with contributions from numerous Avid staff and independent contractors. The book is published through an ongoing partnership between Insource Writing Solutions and Avid Technology, Inc. Frank is a bass guitarist and longtime Pro Tools user. The owner of Insource Writing Solutions and NextPoint Training, Frank has worked in the technical publications and education industries for more than 17 years. As a writer, editor, technical publications manager, and business owner, Frank has authored and contributed to hundreds of guides, manuals, reports, textbooks, and other publications for clients in a wide variety of industries. His writing and consulting company, Insource Writing Solutions, specializes in documentation for the digital audio industry. His training venture, NextPoint Training, focuses on advanced training in Pro Tools, VENUE, digital media, and related products and technologies. Frank has been a consultant for Digidesign/Avid for the past eight years, helping to define the strategy and to develop curriculum for Avid’s official training and certification programs. Frank also teaches Pro Tools courses as an adjunct professor at American River College in Sacramento, California, and is an Avid Master Instructor.

Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix

PART I Background Information Lesson 1 Getting to Know Pro Tools

1 3

What Is Pro Tools?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Audio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 MIDI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Post-Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 The Story of Pro Tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 In the Beginning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Evolving into Digidesign. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 The Birth of Pro Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Pro Tools Matures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Growth of Avid Audio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 ICON Integrated Console Environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 VENUE Live Sound Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Euphonix Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Pro Tools Becomes an Open Platform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Where We Are Today . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Basics of Digital Audio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Basic Parameters of Sound: Waveform, Frequency, and Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Recording and Playing Back Analog Audio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Analog-to-Digital Conversion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Recording in Digital Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

viii

Pro Tools 101: An Introduction to Pro Tools 11

Pro Tools System Configurations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Pro Tools 11 Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Pro Tools HD Software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Included Plug-Ins and Extras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Cross-Platform Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Keyboard Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 File-Naming Conventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Review/Discussion Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Exercise 1

Pro Tools Hardware

25

Audio Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Lesson 2 Getting Inside Pro Tools

27

Target Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Pro Tools File Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 File Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 File Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Starting Pro Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Powering Up Your Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Using the PACE iLok System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Launching Pro Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Optimizing Host-Based Pro Tools Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 The Pro Tools Software Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 The Menu Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Main Pro Tools Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Help Menu Items and Tool Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Edit Tool Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Zoomer Tool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Trim Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Selector Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Grabber Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Scrubber Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Pencil Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Smart Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Edit Mode Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Shuffle Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Slip Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Table of Contents

Spot Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Grid Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Time Scales and Rulers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Main Time Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Sub Time Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Ruler Display Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 MIDI Control Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Wait for Note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Metronome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Countoff Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 MIDI Merge Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Tempo Ruler Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Meter Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Tempo Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Review/Discussion Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Exercise 2

The Software Interface

57

Pro Tools Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Tools and Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

PART II Working with Sessions

61

Lesson 3 Creating Your First Session

63

Quick Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Creating and Configuring a Pro Tools Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Choosing Session Parameter Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Creating the Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Adding Tracks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Naming Tracks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Deleting Tracks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....