Market and Industrial Revolutions PDF

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Revolutions of the American market and industry. Textile industry ...

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Running head: MARKET AND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS

Market and Industrial Revolutions Student name Institution name

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MARKET AND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS

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Market and Industrial Revolutions In American history, market and industrial revolutions have been influenced by the ambition to get forward. In T. Scott's (2010)

video, "First America Industrial Revolution

Review" he defines industrial revolution as the shift from production at home for domestic use to machine-based production for economical purpose. Furthermore, American Yawp identifies the American Revolution as the production of goods using integrated technologies. The combined technologies include water power or steam power that fueled machines for production. The technologies shifted production of goods subsistence to the commercial economy; as a result, more quantities were produced (Locke and Wright, 2019). One of the American renowned industrial revolutions is the cotton and fabrics industry which dates back in the 1700s in England. In this time, the main revolutions included the spinning jenny (1764) by James Hargreavans. In America, Francis Cobot Lowell established the first large scale textile industry in Massachusetts (Public, 2016). The textile factory was an upgrade from James' spinning machine that depended on human energy to use water power. Locate close to the river; the factory had easy access to both power energy and transportation. In the 1820s, the surrounding area had a low people population, and the owner sought to hire more people to work at the factory. Children and women were recruited who were referred to as “Lowell Girls” and “Doffers” respectively. The American Yawp notes that the country's industrial revolution involved integrated technologies such as Steam power, the technology that moved steamboats and railroads. The integrated technologies gave rise to the market revolution, which saw more goods produced in factories and few built at home. In the early 1880s, traders from northern countries such as Mexico and Canada travelled to the south to set up trading firms. As a result of their travel, they

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brought cotton with them, and the textile factories were formed. With time the demand for cotton increased, and the need for labourers increased; as a result, slavery increased. America became global with the mass exportation of luxurious American cotton to the Liverpool firm of Peel, Yates & Co. in Europe. Despite the increased employment opportunities, there were drawbacks such as low wages, increased poverty and wealth inequality. The problematic situations led the workers to request for increased wages, subsequently, one of the first market revolutions in the country, labour unions. Working for fourteen hours a day on low salaries, six days a week and very humid working conditions became the driving force for the formation of the Female Labor Reform Association in the 1830s. The women marched and held strikes to have their reforms heard, and when nothing was done, they went back home to the farms. Another development of the factory system was massive Irish immigration to work in the mills and canals. In the video, "The Market Revolution: crash course US History #12" CrashCourse (2013), Green indicates that the immigrants did all kinds of jobs and there was a change in gender roles. There were no longer gender-based jobs. By the end of the nineteenth century, there were almost equal amounts of men and women in the factory. As the Irish worked in the factory, they also intermarried with the locals, which led to mixed children (Locke and Wright, 2019). In conclusion, the American market and industrial revolution did not stop in the early nineteenth century. Nevertheless, the revolution continues, and every other time, new markets emerge, which alter how people do business and interact across the globe. Besides, the Lowell factory led to the growth of cities such as Lowell, and revolution of labour unions. Hence, the market revolution goes beyond mass production to the changes in the way people live in America and the world.

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References CrashCourse. (2013, April 26)The Market Revolution: Crash Course US History #12. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RNftCCwAol0&feature=emb_title Locke, J. L., & Wright, B. (Eds.). (2019). The American Yawp: A Massively Collaborative Open US History Textbook, Chapter 8, Vol. 1: To 1877. Stanford University Press. Locke, J. L., & Wright, B. (Eds.). (2019). The American Yawp: A Massively Collaborative Open US History Textbook, Chapter 11, Vol. 1: To 1877. Stanford University Press. Prairie Public. (2016, April 20). The Massachusetts Mill Workers, Lowell National Historical Park. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zSVk6axNHkQ&feature=emb_title T Scott. (2010, December 30). First American Industrial Revolution Review. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mMKttQic1uY&feature=emb_title...