Med Terms - Apuntes 56 PDF

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costochondritis

Inflammation of the areas where your upper ribs join with the cartilage that holds them to your breastbone.

angina pectoris Chest pain, usually caused by a lowered oxygen or blood supply to the heart.

wheezes Whistling sounds heard on inspiration in certain breathing disorders, especially asthma.

cough

Is a voluntary or involuntary act that clears the throat and breathing passage of foreign particles, microbes, irritants, fluids, and mucus; it is a rapid expulsion of air from the lungs.

paresthesia Abnormal sensation, such as tingling.

dyspnea Difficult breathing.

sputum Culture of material that is expectorated (or brought back up as mucus).

hemoptysis Lung or bronchial hemorrhage resulting in the spitting of blood.

stridor High-pitched crowing sound heard in certain respiratory conditions.

mucoid sputum Is translucent, white, or gray and seen in viral infections and cystic fibrosis.

purulent sputum purulent sputum— yellow or green—often accompanies bacterial pneumonia.

hyperventilation Abnormally fast breathing in and out,

often associated with anxiety.

hemothorax Blood in the pleural cavity.

empyema Pus in the pleural cavity.

pleural effusion Escape of fluid into the pleural cavity.

crackles Popping sounds heard in lung collapse or other conditions; rales.

wheezes Whistling sounds heard on inspiration in certain breathing disorders, especially asthma.

rhonchi See wheezes.

egophony

Is an auscultatory finding due to a change in the quality of the voice. A solid (consolidated), fluid-filled, or compressed lung decreases the amplitude and only allows select frequencies to pass through.

bronchophony Normally the sounds transmitted through the chest wall are muffled and indistinct. Louder voice sounds are called bronchophony.

whispered pectoriloquy Louder, clearer whispered sounds are called whispered pectoriloquy.

sputum induction

Is a procedure used for patients who have trouble producing sputum spontaneously. The patient inhales nebulised hypertonic

saline solution, which liquefies airway secretions, promotes coughing and allows expectoration of respiratory secretions.

fiber-optic bronchoscopy

It is a diagnostic examination of the major air passages to the lungs. This procedure enables the physician to examine the inside of the main windpipe (trachea) and other major air passages, (bronchi).

polymerase chain reaction tests

Is a technique of molecular biology

serologic assays

Is the study that allows checking the presence of antibodies in the blood. It is an essential test when making blood donations and transfusions.

thoracentesis

Is the surgical puncture of the chest wall to evacuate the fluid accumulated in the pleural cavity by aspiration.

specialized culture test

Detects and identifies bacteria and yeast in the urine, which may be causing a urinary tract infection (UTI).

parapneumonic effusion

Refers to the accumulation of exudative pleural fluid associated with an ipsilateral lung infection, mainly pneumonia. Parapneumonic effusions are mainly associated with bacterial infections.

empyema Pus in the pleural cavity.

sepsis Germ-free .

respiratory failure

Is a condition in which your blood doesn't have enough oxygen or has too much carbon dioxide. Sometimes you can have both problems. When you breathe, your lungs take in oxygen.

ARDS(Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome)

Accumulation of fluid in the air sacs of the lungs that does not allow oxygen to reach the organs.

pneumatocele

Are thin-walled, air-filled cysts that develop within the lung parenchyma. They

can be single emphysematous lesions but are more often multiple, thin-walled, airfilled, cystlike cavities.

rigors

A sudden feeling of cold with shivering accompanied by a rise in temperature, often with copious sweating, especially at the onset or height of a fever.

sweats

Moisture exuded through the pores of the skin, typically in profuse quantities as a reaction to heat, physical exertion, fever, or fear.

chills

Feeling of being cold without an apparent cause.

pleurisy Inflammation of the pleura.

myalgias

Muscle aches and pain, which can involve ligaments, tendons and fascia, the soft tissues that connect muscles, bones and organs. Injuries, trauma, overuse, tension, certain drugs and illnesses can all bring about myalgia.

altered breath sounds

Are usually indicators of problems in the lungs or airways. The most common causes of abnormal breath sounds are: pneumonia. heart failure.

chest discomfort

When your heart muscle doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood. It may feel like pressure or squeezing in your chest.

tachypnea

Abnormally rapid breathing....