Mental Health Quiz 1 Study Guide PDF

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Mental Health quiz 1 study guide. Weeks 1-3 lecture study guide quiz....

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Mental Health Quiz One Study Guide Know when a nurse can override a patient’s refusal of treatment ● If immediate intervention is required to prevent death or serious injury to the patient or another person ● The treatment team must determine that three criteria be met to force medication without consent: -

The client must exhibit behavior that is dangerous to themselves or others The medication ordered by the physician must have a reasonable chance of providing help to the

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client Clients who refuse medication must be judged incompetent to evaluate the benets of the treatment in question

Know the criteria and the dierence between: Involuntary and Voluntary Admission, and Gravely Disabled ● Involuntary Admission -

Court-ordered institutionalization of a person suering from mental illness usually upon a nding that the person is dangerous to himself or herself or to others : civil commitment

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Can be inpatient or outpatient Types: Emergency commitments The mentally ill person in need of treatment Involuntary outpatient commitment

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Gravely disabled Criteria: The person is imminently dangerous to himself or herself [suicide intent] The person is a danger to others

The person is unable to take care of basic personal needs ● Voluntary Admission -

May be appropriate for anyone 14 years of age or older who is experiencing a mental health crisis and feels that an inpatient stay is necessary for his or her safety.

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Criteria: Individual makes direct application to the institution for services and may stay as long as treatment is deemed necessary Patient may sign out of hospital at any time unless HCP determines that client is a dangerous to themselves or others -

A mental health exam can determine this and can cause the admission to be changed from voluntary to involuntary

Ensure that the patient: - Comprehends meaning of his or her actions -

Has not been coerced in any manner

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Willing to proceed with admission

● Gravely Disabled - A condition in which an individual, as a result of mental illness, is in danger of serious physical harm resulting from inability to provide basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter, medical care, and personal safety -

Inability to make use of available resources Conservator or Committee will be appointed to ensure the care of the patient’s estate

Know when is it appropriate for a nurse to share information shared by the patient with other healthcare workers ● Danger to Self - Self Inicted Harm ● Danger to Others - Duty to Warn ● Suspected elder or child abuse Know when a patient is restrained, how can a nurse maintain communication and keep the patient calm ● Continuous monitoring of the patient ● Use of therapeutic communication ● Psychological evaluation and physical evaluation Know the dierence between Assault, Negligence, Malpractice, and Benecence ● Assault -

The act that results in a person’s genuine fear and apprehension that he or she will be touched without consent

● Negligence - The failure to exercise standard of care that a reasonably prudent person would have exercised in -

a similar situation Any conduct that falls below the legal standard established to protect others against unreasonable risk of harm, except for conduct that is intentionally, wantonly, or willfully disregardful of others’ rights

● Malpractice - An instance of negligence or incompetence on the part of a professional ● Benecence - One’s duty to benet or promote the good of others Know the dierence between Adaptive and Maladaptive ● Adaptive

- Behavior that maintains the integrity of the individual - Viewed as positive and is correlated with a healthy response ● Maladaptive -

When behavior disrupts the integrity of the individual Considered to be negative or unhealthy

Know and dene the physiological of ght or ight response ● Symptoms occur in response to psychological or emotional stimuli just as they do to physical stimuli ● Physiological responses of ght or ight syndrome are initiated in the alarm reaction stage -

Increased Heart Rate Increased Respiratory

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Increased Blood Pressure

Know the dierence between Mild, Moderate, Severe , and Panic Anxiety ● Mild Anxiety -

Associated with the tension experienced in response to the events of day to day living Physical Characteristics: Restlessness and Irritability

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Perceptual Field: Heightened Perception, Increased Awareness, Increased Alertness Ability to learn: Learning is enhanced

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Emotional and Behavioral Characteristics: may remain supercial with others, rarely experienced as distressful, and motivation is increased

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Prepares people for day-day living Seldom a problem for the individual

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Individuals employ any number of coping behaviors that satisfy their needs for comfort Sleeping Yawning Pacing Fidgeting

Talking to someone they feel comfortable with ● Moderate Anxiety -

As the level of anxiety increases the extent of the perceptual eld diminishes Physical Characteristics: Increased restlessness, increased heart rate and respirations, increased perspiration, gastric discomfort, increased muscular tension, increase in speech rate, volume, and pitch

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Perceptual Field: Reduced alertness to environmental events Ability to learn: Learning still occurs, but not at optimal ability; Decreased attention span and ability to concentrate

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Emotional and Behavioral Characteristics: A feeling of discontent; May lead to a degree of impairment Ego Defense Mechanisms and Psychophysiological responses

● Severe Anxiety - The perceptual eld of the severely anxious individual is so greatly diminished that concentration -

centers on one particular detail only or on many extraneous details Physical Characteristics: headaches, dizziness, nausea, trembling, insomnia, palpitations,

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tachycardia, hyperventilation, urinary frequency, diarrhea Perceptual Field: Greatly dim

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Ability to learn: Learning still occurs, but not at optimal ability; Decreased attention span and ability to concentrate

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Emotional and Behavioral Characteristics: Feelings of dread, loathing, horror; Total focus on self and intense desire to relieve the anxiety

- Psychoneurotic responses ● Panic Anxiety -

The most intense form of anxiety The individual is unable to focus on even one detail in the environment

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Physical Characteristics: dilated pupils, labored breathing, severe trembling, sleeplessness, palpitations, diaphoresis and pallor, muscular incoordination, immobility or purposeless

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hyperactivity, Incoherence or inability to verbalize Perceptual Field: Inability to focus and misconceptions of the environment

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Ability to learn: Learning cannot occur, Inability to concentrate Emotional and Behavioral Characteristics: Sense of impending doom, Terror, Bizarre behavior

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Psychotic responses

Know what the DSM-V is ● A manual for assessment and diagnosis of mental disorders and does not include information or guidelines for treatment of any disorder Know the dierence between Mental Health and Mental Illness ● Mental Health -

The successful adaptation to stressors from the internal or external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are age appropriate and congruent with local and cultural

norms ● Mental Illness -

Maladaptive responses to stressors from the internal or external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are incongruent with the local and cultural norms and that interfere with the individual’s social, occupational, and/or physical functioning

Know the concepts of Mental Health and Mental Illness as dened in Multidimensional and Cultural Groups ● Mental Health and Mental Illness - Multidimensional: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: Physiological Needs, Safety and Security, Love and Belonging, Self-Esteem & Respect of others, and Self Actualization -

Cultural: Women are more likely to recognize symptoms and seek help Some cultures viewed this as a result of evil or possession or sinning against God Exorcism was often seen as a cure Cultural Relativity: rules, conventions, and understandings are conceived within an individual's own particular culture

Who determines the mental diagnoses in a patient and Where does the information come from? ● Psychiatrist and Mental Health Professionals ● The information comes from the DSM-V How is the mental health diagnosis determined? ● By use of interview and comparing the results to the criteria in the DSM-V Know the psychoneurotic responses to severe anxiety as it appears in the DSM-V ● Anxiety Disorders - Disorders in which the characteristic features are symptoms of anxiety and avoidance behavior ● Somatic Symptom Disorder - The characteristic features are physical symptoms for which there is no evident organic pathology ● Dissociative Disorders - The characteristic feature is a disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identify, or perception of the environment ● Panic Anxiety -

At this extreme level, an individual is not capable of processing what is happening in the environment and may lose contact with reality

● Psychosis - A signicant thought disturbance in which reality testing is impaired, resulting in delusions, -

hallucinations, disorganized speech, or catatonic behavior Characteristics: Exhibit minimal distress, Unaware that their behavior is maladaptive, Exhibiting a ight from reality into a less stressful world

Know the dierence between neurosis, somatic disorders, grief, generalized anxiety disorder, psychosis ● Neurosis

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Psychiatric disturbances characterized by excessive anxiety that is expressed directly or altered through defense mechanisms ● Somatic Disorders -

Disorders in which the characteristic feature is a a disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception of the environment

● Grief - A subjective state of emotional, physical, and social responses to the loss of a valued entity ● Generalized Anxiety Disorder - Disorders in which the characteristic features are symptoms of anxiety and avoidance behavior ● Psychosis - A signicant thought disturbance in which reality testing is impaired, resulting in delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, or catatonic behavior Know when should a patient be able to refusal treatment of an ECT treatment ● If they have the mental capacity to make the decision Know the denition of informed consent ● The preservation and protection of individual autonomy in determining what will and will not happen to a person’s body Know when it is appropriate to medicate a patient against his will ● When a patient is mentally incompetent ● When refusing treatment endangers their health or the health of a another person ● During an emergency in which a patient is in no state to exercise judgement ● If the patient is a child - Consent is gained from their parent ● In the case of therapeutic privilege, information about a treatment may be withheld if the physician can show that full disclosure would: - Hinder or complicate necessary treatment -

Cause severe psychological harm Be so upsetting as to render a rational decision by the client impossible

Know the situation needed to validate if an informed consent is understood ● Knowledge - The patient has received adequate information on which to base his or her decision ● Competency - The individual’s cognition is not impaired to an extent that would interfere with decision making, or he or she has a legal representative

● Free Will - The individual has given consent voluntarily without pressure or coercion from others Know the steps taken if a patient refuses medication ● Educate ● Follow Up ● Documentation ● Tell Provider Know when a patient can refuse medication ● Can refuse unless: -

Immediate intervention is needed to prevent death or injury to the patient or another person

Know the dierence between Assault and Battery ● Assault -

The act that results in a person’s genuine fear and apprehension that he or she will be touched without consent

● Battery - The unconsented touching of another person Know the dierence between least restrictive to most restrictive ● Least Restrictive - Clients who can be adequately treated in an outpatient setting should not be hospitalized, and if -

they are hospitalized they should not be sedated, restrained, or secluded Verbal rehabilitative techniques

● Most Restrictive - Use of sedation, chemical or mechanical restraints, seclusion, or electroconvulsive therapy -

This should only be done if less restrictive measures were taken

Know nursing interventions when dealing with a patient in restraints ● Make sure there is an order and that it is not expired - Renew if necessary ● Continuous monitoring -

Due to the fact that injuries can occur

Know the denition of false imprisonment ● The deliberate and unauthorized connement of a person within xed limits by the use of verbal or physical means

Know some stress management techniques ● Awareness - Become aware of factors that create stress and feeling associated w/ a stressful response ● Relaxation - Engage in sports, jogging, physical exercise, breathing exercises, large motor activities, etc ● Meditation - Produce a lasting reducing in BP & other stress related symptoms when practices for 20 mins once or twice a day ● Interpersonal communication - Available support system signicantly inuences adaption to coping w/ stress ● Problem solving -

Able to view situation objectively & then apply a problem-solving/decision-making model

Know the denition of prolonged grief ● Characterized by an intense preoccupation w/ memories of the lost entity for many years after the loss has occurred...