Modul Probabilitas dan Statistika (Praktikum SPSS)-Reny Rian Marliana.pdf PDF

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Praktikum Probabilitas dan Statistika 2016 PRAKTIKUM PROBABILITAS DAN STATISTIKA Reny Rian Marliana, S.Si., M.Stat. SEKOLAH TINGGI MANAJEMEN INFORMATIKA & KOMPUTER SUMEDANG 2016 Praktikum Probabilitas dan Statistika 2016 KATA PENGANTAR Segala puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Allah SWT y...

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Praktikum Probabilitas dan Statistika 2016

PRAKTIKUM PROBABILITAS DAN STATISTIKA

Reny Rian Marliana, S.Si., M.Stat.

SEKOLAH TINGGI MANAJEMEN INFORMATIKA & KOMPUTER

SUMEDANG 2016

Praktikum Probabilitas dan Statistika 2016

KATA PENGANTAR

Segala puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Allah SWT yang senantiasa memberi rahmat dan petunjuk-Nya dalam menyelesaikan modul Praktikum mata kuliah Probabilitas dan Statistika untuk mahasiswa/mahasiswi Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen & Informatika (STMIK) Sumedang. Adapun tujuan penulisan modul ini adalah sebagai pedoman atau panduan dalam Proses Belajar dan Mengajar yang merupakan penunjang Praktikum mata kuliah Probabilitas dan Statistika bagi mahasiswa/mahasiswi Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen & Informatika (STMIK) Sumedang, baik jurusan Teknik Informatika, Manajemen Informatika maupun Sistem Informasi.

Modul

ini

diharapakan dapat

membantu

mahasiswa/mahasiswi

dalam

mempersiapkan dan mengikuti proses belajar dan mengajar dengan lebih baik, terarah dan terencana. Modul ini adalah hasil saduran dari beberapa penulis pada beberapa literatur. Penulis menyadari bahwa tanpa rahmat Allah SWT, serta bimbingan, bantuan, doa dan dorongan dari berbagai pihak, modul ini tidak mungkin dapat terselesaikan dengan baik pada waktunya. Untuk itu, penulis mengucapkan banyak terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, terutama kepada para penulis pada beberapa literatur yang menjadi saduran atau referensi dalam penulisan modul ini. Terima kasih telah memberikan kontribusi yang sangat besar kepada kemudahan penulisan modul ini. Penulis menyadari bahwa dalam penulisan modul ini masih jauh dari kesempurnaan. Oleh karena itu, kritik dan saran yang sifatnya membangun sangat penulis harapkan. Kritik dan saran dapat disampaikan melalui email [email protected]. Akhir kata, semoga modul ini dapat bermanfaat bagi Proses Belajar Mengajar khususnya pada mata kuliah Probabilitas & Statistika.

Sumedang, Agustus 2016

Penulis i

Praktikum Probabilitas dan Statistika 2016 DAFTAR ISI

KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................ i DAFTAR ISI.......................................................................................................... ii DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................. iv DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................. v 1. Pengenalan SPSS ............................................................................................... 1 1.1.Menu dalam SPSS ....................................................................................... 2 1.2. Data Editor ................................................................................................. 5 1.3. SPSS Viewer ............................................................................................... 8 1.4. Importing dan Exporting Data ..................................................................... 10 LATIHAN 1 ...................................................................................................... 13 2. Konsep Dasar Statistika ..................................................................................... 14 2.1. Jenis Penelitian .......................................................................................... 14 2.2. Tipe Variabel .............................................................................................. 16 2.2.1. Variabel Kualitatif ............................................................................ 16 2.2.2. Variabel Kuantitatif .......................................................................... 16 2.3. Reliabilitas dan Validitas ............................................................................ 17 2.4. Uji Hipotesis ............................................................................................... 18 2.4.1. Error Tipe I dan Tipe II.................................................................... 19 2.4.2. Taraf Signifikansi ............................................................................. 20 2.4.3. Uji Satu Pihak dan Uji Dua Pihak ..................................................... 20 LATIHAN 2 ...................................................................................................... 22 3. Ukuran Deskriptif .............................................................................................. 23 3.1. Penyajian Data dengan Tabel ...................................................................... 24 3.2. Penyajian Data dengan Grafik ..................................................................... 29 3.3. Penyajian Data dengan Distribusi Frekuensi ............................................... 40 3.4. Penyajian Data dengan Ukuran-Ukuran Deskriptif ...................................... 43 LATIHAN 3 ...................................................................................................... 48 4. Penyajian Data Menggunakan Microsoft Excel .................................................. 49 4.1.Penyajian Data Menggunakan Pivot Table ................................................... 49 4.2.Penyajian Data Menggunakan Pivot Chart ................................................... 54 ii

Praktikum Probabilitas dan Statistika 2016 4.3.Ukuran-Ukuran Deskriptif pada Microsoft Excel.......................................... 58 LATIHAN 4 ...................................................................................................... 63 5. Distribusi Probabilitas ...................................................................................... 66 5.1. Ruang Sampel............................................................................................. 66 5.1.1. Permutasi ......................................................................................... 66 5.1.2. Kombinasi ........................................................................................ 67 5.2. Rumus Bayes .............................................................................................. 68 5.3. Distribusi Binomial ..................................................................................... 69 5.4. Distribusi Poisson ....................................................................................... 71 5.5. Distribusi Hipergeometrik ........................................................................... 73 5.6. Distribusi Normal Standard ......................................................................... 77 LATIHAN 5 ...................................................................................................... 82 6. Pengujian Hipotesis ........................................................................................... 84 6.1.One Sample t-Test ........................................................................................ 84 6.2.Independent Sample t-Test ........................................................................... 88 6.3.Dependent Sample t-Test ............................................................................. 93 LATIHAN 6 ...................................................................................................... 99 7. Regresi Linear Sederhana dan Korelasi .............................................................. 101 7.1.Analisis Regresi ........................................................................................... 101 7.1.1. Asumsi Normalitas ........................................................................... 107 7.1.2. Asumsi Non-Autokorelasi ................................................................ 110 7.1.3. Asumsi Homoskedastisitas ............................................................... 114 7.2. Analisis Korelasi......................................................................................... 122 Case Study 1 ...................................................................................................... 126 Case Study 2 ...................................................................................................... 127 Case Study 3 ...................................................................................................... 128 8. Time Series ........................................................................................................ 129 8.1. Uji Normalitas ............................................................................................ 133 8.2. Uji Non-Autokorelasi.................................................................................. 135 8.3. Uji Homoskedastisitas ................................................................................ 137 LATIHAN 8 ...................................................................................................... 143 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................... 145

iii

Praktikum Probabilitas dan Statistika 2016 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1.1. Data Pengunjung Pelabuhan Sekupang Batam Kepulauan Riau .............. 13 Tabel 2.1. Contoh Kasus Penelitian ........................................................................ 19 Tabel 4.1. Data Penjualan dan Kualitas Pelayanan yang Diberikan. ........................ 60 Tabel 6.1. Data Gaji Rata-Rata Lulusan. ................................................................. 84 Tabel 6.2. Hasil Tambang Pekerja. ......................................................................... 88 Tabel 6.3. Banyaknya Penawaran. .......................................................................... 93 Tabel 7.1. Data Penjualan Berdasarkan Kualitas Pelayanan yang Diberikan ........... 102 Tabel 7.2. Arti Koefisien Korelasi .......................................................................... 124 Tabel 8.1. Data Penjualan Produk Tahun 1959-1973 .............................................. 129 Tabel 8.2. Coding Tahun Data Penjualan Produk Tahun 1959-1973 ....................... 130

iv

Praktikum Probabilitas dan Statistika 2016 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1.1............................................................................................................. 2 Gambar 1.2............................................................................................................. 3 Gambar 1.3............................................................................................................. 3 Gambar 1.4............................................................................................................. 4 Gambar 1.5............................................................................................................. 4 Gambar 1.6............................................................................................................. 5 Gambar 1.7............................................................................................................. 6 Gambar 1.8............................................................................................................. 6 Gambar 1.9............................................................................................................. 7 Gambar 1.10........................................................................................................... 8 Gambar 1.11........................................................................................................... 9 Gambar 1.12........................................................................................................... 10 Gambar 1.13........................................................................................................... 11 Gambar 1.14........................................................................................................... 11 Gambar 1.15........................................................................................................... 12 Gambar 3.1............................................................................................................. 23 Gambar 3.2............................................................................................................. 23 Gambar 3.3............................................................................................................. 24 Gambar 3.4............................................................................................................. 25 Gambar 3.5............................................................................................................. 25 Gambar 3.6............................................................................................................. 26 Gambar 3.7............................................................................................................. 26 Gambar 3.8............................................................................................................. 27 Gambar 3.9............................................................................................................. 27 Gambar 3.10........................................................................................................... 28 Gambar 3.11........................................................................................................... 28 Gambar 3.12........................................................................................................... 29 Gambar 3.13........................................................................................................... 29 Gambar 3.14........................................................................................................... 30 Gambar 3.15........................................................................................................... 30 v

Praktikum Probabilitas dan Statistika 2016 Gambar 3.16........................................................................................................... 31 Gambar 3.17........................................................................................................... 31 Gambar 3.18........................................................................................................... 32 Gambar 3.19........................................................................................................... 32 Gambar 3.20........................................................................................................... 33 Gambar 3.21........................................................................................................... 33 Gambar 3.22........................................................................................................... 34 Gambar 3.23........................................................................................................... 34 Gambar 3.24........................................................................................................... 35 Gambar 3.25........................................................................................................... 35 Gambar 3.26........................................................................................................... 36 Gambar 3.27........................................................................................................... 36 Gambar 3.28........................................................................................................... 37 Gambar 3.29........................................................................................................... 37 Gambar 3.30........................................................................................................... 38 Gambar 3.31........................................................................................................... 38 Gambar 3.32........................................................................................................... 39 Gambar 3.33........................................................................................................... 39 Gambar 3.34........................................................................................................... 40 Gambar 3.35........................................................................................................... 40 Gambar 3.36........................................................................................................... 41 Gambar 3.37........................................................................................................... 41 Gambar 3.38........................................................................................................... 42 Gambar 3.39........................................................................................................... 43 Gambar 3.40........................................................................................................... 43 Gambar 3.41........................................................................................................... 44 Gambar 3.42........................................................................................................... 45 Gambar 3.43........................................................................................................... 46 Gambar 3.44........................................................................................................... 46 Gambar 3.45........................................................................................................... 47 Gambar 3.46........................................................................................................... 47 Gambar 4.1............................................................................................................. 49 Gambar 4.2............................................................................................................. 50 vi

Praktikum Probabilitas dan Statistika 2016 Gambar 4.3............................................................................................................. 51 Gambar 4.4............................................................................................................. 51 Gambar 4.5............................................................................................................. 52 Gambar 4.6............................................................................................................. 52 Gambar 4.7............................................................................................................. 53 Gambar 4.8............................................................................................................. 53 Gambar 4.9............................................................................................................. 54 Gambar 4.10........................................................................................................... 54 Gambar 4.11........................................................................................................... 55 Gambar 4.12........................................................................................................... 55 Gambar 4.13........................................................................................................... 56 Gambar 4.14........................................................................................................... 56 Gambar 4.15........................................................................................................... 57 Gambar 4.16........................................................................................................... 57 Gambar 4.17........................................................................................................... 58 Gambar 4.18........................................................................................................... 59 Gambar 4.19........................................................................................................... 59 Gambar 4.20.................................................................................................