Module 1 Bonding worksheet PDF

Preview

Summary

worksheet on bonding...

Description

Module 1 Bonding - Worksheet 1) Which atom is described by the electronic configuration 1s22s22p63s23p3? a) Mg b) Al c) Si d) P 2) Which is the electronic configuration that describes Mg2+? a) 1s2, 2s2 b) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6 c) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2 d) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6 3) Which atom is described by the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p5? a) S b) Se c) Cl d) Br

4) A natural oxygen, carbon and nitrogen have how many valence electrons? a) 4, 8, 3 b) 6, 4, 5 c) 6, 5, 4 d) 5, 6, 7

5) what is electron configuration of natural oxygen?

SCC2211 Module 1 Bonding

Page 1

6) Which is an acceptable Lewis structure (formal charges are not shown) for carbon monoxide, CO?

(a) C O

(c) C

(b) C O

(d) C

O O

7) For an acceptable structure, assign formal charges as appropriate.

(a) C O

(c) C

(b) C O

(d) C

O O

8) Which Lewis structures are correct? HINT: Perform a total valence count and check formal charges.

H H

C

OH

H

H

H

C

C

O H

H

O

O

H

H

O

C

O

H

H I

II

III

IV

a) I b) II c) III d) IV

SCC2211 Module 1 Bonding

Page 2

9) Which Lewis structures are correct? HINT: Perform a total valence count and check formal charges.

a) I, II b) II, IV c) III, IV d) I, III

10) Which functional groups have correct Lewis structures? CH3 CH3

C

O

CH3

O

C

H

O

CH3

C

O

H

CH3

CH3 I

II

III

a) I, II b) II, III c) I, II, III d) I, III

11) Which is the correct Lewis structure for acetic acid (CH3CO2H)?

H

O

H

C

C

H

H

O H

I

H

O

C

C

H

H II

H O H

C

O O

C

H H

O

O

H

C

C

H

H

H III

IV

a) I b) II c) III d) IV

SCC2211 Module 1 Bonding

Page 3

12) Draw Lewis structures for: a) CH4 b)C2H2, Acetylene c) CH2O, formaldehyde d)H2CO3, Carbonic acid

13) Draw a Lewis structure for each molecule or ion and show all formal charges. (a) H3O+ (b) CH3O

-

(c) CH3NH3+

(d) CH3+

(g) NH3BH3

(e)HNO3

(h) [CH3OH2]+

(f) CO2

(i) KOC(CH3)3

14) Using the VSEPR model, predict which atoms have bond angles of about 120°. O C CH3

CH3OH

H

I

II

CH 2

CH2

NH4Cl

III

IV

a) II, IV b) I, IV c) II, III d) I, III

15) Using the VSEPR model, predict which species have bond angles of about 109°. HINT: Assume that the charges are correct. Add the missing lone pairs before applying the VSEPR theory!

NH3

CO 2

H2O

H3O+

O3

I

II

III

IV

V

a) I, III, IV b) II, III, V c) I, IV d) III, IV, V SCC2211 Module 1 Bonding

Page 4

16) Draw a Lewis structure and then use VSEPRT to predict all bond angles for these molecules and ions. a) C2H4

(d) CH3Cl

(g) CH2Cl

b) C2H2

(e) CH2=CHCl

(h) H2CO3

(c) NH3

(f) CH3OH

(i) [CH3NH3]+

17) Which compounds contain both covalent and ionic bonds? CH3OH

Na2CO3

I

NH4Cl

II

NaCl

III

IV

a) I, II b) II, IV c) I, II, IV d) II, III

18) Which of these molecules are polar? HINT: look for the presence of at least one polar covalent bond in these molecules! O CH2

CH2

C H

I

H II

CH2Cl2 III

CH3

CH3

IV

CH3OH V

a) III, IV, V b) I, IV c) II, III, V d) I, III

19) What are the correct orbital hybridizations for carbon in the following species? HINT: Add a lone pair if the charge of the molecule suggests it!

CH3

SCC2211 Module 1 Bonding

CH4

CH3

Page 5

a) CH3+ is sp-hybridized b) CH3- is sp2-hybridized c) CH4 is sp2-hybridized d) CH3- is sp3-hybridized

20) Consider the structure drawn below:

1 H2C

2

3

4

CH2

C

5 C

6 CH2

CH

7 CH3

a) Identify the orbital hybridisation of each carbon atom b) Identify the geometry around each carbon atom c) How many electrons are in the pi bonds between carbon-4 and carbon-5? d) What is the total number of electrons in carbon-to-hydrogen bonds?

21) Explain, with the aid of diagrams, how VBT is inadequate in explaining the geometry and bond angles observed for methane, and how incorporating hybridisation theory overcomes this limitation.

22) Use VBT and hybridisation, and appropriate diagrams, to explain how the sigma and pi bonds are formed in ethene.

23) Nitrous oxide, N2O, laughing gas, is a colourless, nontoxic, tasteless, and odorless gas. Because it is soluble in vegetable oils (fats), it is used as a propellant in whipped toppings. (a) How many valence electrons are present in nitrous oxide? (b) Write two equivalent contributing structures for this molecule. The connectivity is N—N—O. Be certain to show formal charges, if any are present. (c) Explain why the following is not an acceptable contributing structure.

SCC2211 Module 1 Bonding

Page 6

24) State the hybridization of each highlighted atom:

25) Describe each highlighted bond by indicating the type of bond(s) and the hybridization of the highlighted atoms:

SCC2211 Module 1 Bonding

Page 7...