Module in ED101 Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles Pdf PDF

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!College of Teacher Education- Undergraduate Program !

!What!this!module!is!about?! This!module!is!intended!for!the!course,!ED! 101-!The!Child!and!Adolescent!Learners!and! Learning!Principles!which!focuses!on!child!and!adolescent!learners!development!with!emphasis! on! current! research! and! theory! on! biological,! linguistic,! cognitive,! social,! and! emotional! dimensions! of! development.! Further,! this! includes! factors! that! affect! the! progress! of! development!of!the!learners!and!shall!include!appropriate!pedagogical!principles!applicable!for! each! developmental! level.! The! module! will! help! one! develop! identity! as! a! future! teacher! and! understand!the!role!of!the!students’!identities!in!the!classroom.! ! In!this!module,!you!will!learn!how!theories!and!principles!of!development,!learning!and! motivation! were! given! importance! as! they! relate! to! the! educational! process.! You! will! study! these!ten!lessons,!namely:! ! Lesson!1!!!!!!!!-! Human&Development:&Meaning,&Concepts,&and&Approaches& ! Lesson!2! -! The&Stages&of&Development&and&Developmental&Tasks& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Lesson!3! -! Issues&on&Human&Development& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Lesson!!4! -! Research&in&Child&and&Adolescent&Development& ! ! Lesson!5& -& Freud’s&Psychoanalytic&Theory& & ! Lesson!6& -& Piaget’s&Stages&of&Cognitive&Development& & & Lesson&7& -& &Erikson’s&Psycho-Social&Theory&of&Development& & & Lesson&8& -&& Kohlberg’s&Stages&of&Moral&Development& & & Lesson&9& -& Vygotsky’s&Socio-&Cultural&Theory& & & Lesson&10& -& Bronfenbrenner’s&Ecological&Theory& & & Lesson&11& -& Development&of&the&Learners&at&Various&Sages& & & Lesson&12& -& Learners&Centered&Learning&principles& & & & & & Ed 101- Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles !

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!College of Teacher Education- Undergraduate Program !

TARGET!SCHEDULE:! ! WEEK!1! -!Lesson!1!! ! WEEK!2! -!Lesson!2!and!Lesson!4! ! WEEK!3! -!Lesson!5!and!Lesson!6! ! WEEK!4! -Lesson!7!and!Lesson!8! ! WEEK!5! -!Lesson!9!and!Lesson!10! ! WEEK!6-12! -!Lesson!11! ! Week!13-18!-!Lesson!12! ! !! What!

are! the! intended! learning! outcomes! of! this! module?!

! INTENDED!LEARNING!OUTCOMES! 1.!Determine!and!acquire!better!understanding!on!child!and!adolescent!development.! 2.!Understand!the!role!that!teachers,!school!and!the!family!in!the!crucial!development!stages!of! the!individual!child!and!adolescent.! 3.! Make! critical! analysis! of! recurring! problems! that! affect! the! development! of! the! child! and! adolescent.! 4.!Apply!various!theories!of!development!relative!to!the!different!learning!principles.!

! ! ! ! Ed 101- Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles !

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!College of Teacher Education- Undergraduate Program !

LESSON!1! !

!Human!Development:!Meaning,!Concepts!and!Approaches! !!What!are!the!objectives!of!this!lesson?!

! At!the!end!of!this!lesson,!you!are!expected!to!be!able!to:! • • •

define!human!development!in!your!own!words;! draw!some!principles!of!human!development;!and! distinguish!two!approaches!to!human!development.! !

!

Overview!of!the!topic! ! Human! development!refers! to! the! biological! and!psychological! development!of! the!human!being! throughout! the! lifespan.! It! consists! of! the!development!from! infancy,! childhood,!and!adolescence!to!adulthood.! It!is!a!pattern!of!movement!that!begins!at!conception!and!continues!through!the!life!span!of! a! well! human! being.! Also! it! includes! growth! and! decline.! The! human! development! can! be! positive! or! negative.! Growth! deals! with! quantitative! changes! while! development! deals! with! qualitative!changes.!Development!is!relatively!orderly.!!Development!has!proximodistal!pattern! that!deals!with!the!development!from!inward!to!upward.!Another!pattern!is!the!cephalocaudal! pattern! in! which!the! development!is!from! head!to!toe!and! from!top!to! bottom.!Development! also!takes!place!gradually.!!The!pattern!of!development!is!more!likely!be!similar,!the!outcome! of! development! process! and! the! rate! of! development! are! vary! among! individuals.!! Development! as! a! process! is! complex! because! it! is! the! product! of! biological,! cognitive! and! socio-emotional! process.! The! biological! process! is! a! physical! change.! The! cognitive!process!is!about!knowledge,!thoughts,!and!language.!The!socio-emotional!is!a!process! that!focuses!on!dealing!with!people.!The!human!development!has!five!(5)!different!approaches.! It! includes! life-long,! multi-dimensional,! plastic,! contextual! and! involves! growth,! maintenance! and!regulation.!The!life-span!of!a!human!development!occurs!al!throughout!the!life-span!of!an! individual.! The! development! never! stops! until! death.! The! traditional! occurs! human! development! that! shows! extensive! change! from! birth! to! adolescence,! little! or! no! change! in! adulthood! and! decline! in! the! late! old! age.!! The! life-long! development! does! not! end! by! adulthood! and! no! development! stage! dominates! the! development.! The! multi-dimensional! consists! of! biological,! cognitive! and! socio-emotional! dimensions.! The! plastic! development! is! possible!throughout!the!life-span.!The!contextual!development,!are!individuals!that!can!adopt! Ed 101- Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles !

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!College of Teacher Education- Undergraduate Program !

changing! beings! in! a! changing! world.! Development! and! learning! result! from! a! dynamic! and! continuous!interaction!of!biological!maturation!and!experience.! ! Principles!of!Human!Growth!and!Development:! 1. Development!is!continuous.! 2. Development!is!gradual.! 3. Development!is!sequential.! 4. Rate!of!development!varies!person!to!person.! 5. Development!proceeds!from!general!to!specific.! 6. Most!traits!are!correlated!in!development.! 7. Growth!and!development!is!a!product!of!both!heredity!and!environment.! 8. Development!is!predictable.! 9. Development!brings!about!both!structural!and!functional!changes.! 10. There!is!a!constant!interaction!between!all!factors!of!development.! ! Note:!Please!see!the!attached!power!point!presentation!for!additional!lecture.!

!

! !Test!your!knowledge!

Application!No.!1!! ! 1. Define!development!in!your!own!words.! ! 2. Describe! your! own! development.! In! what! ways! have! you! changed! over! your! lifetime?! What!characteristics!have!remained!the!same?! ! ! 3. What!are!the!principles!of!human!development!and!their!educational!implications?! ! Principles! Educational!Implication! a.! ! ! b.! ! ! c.! ! ! d.! ! ! ! ! ! Ed 101- Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles !

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!College of Teacher Education- Undergraduate Program !

4. What!are!the!two!approaches!to!human!development?! ! Traditional!vs!Life-Span!Approach! ! Traditional! Lifepspan! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!College of Teacher Education- Undergraduate Program !

LESSON!2!! ! The!Stages!of!Development!and!Development!Tasks! ! !!What!are!the!objectives!of!this!lesson?! At!the!end!of!this!lesson,!you!are!expected!to!be!able!to:! • • • •

define!developmental!tasks!in!your!own!words!;! identify!developmental!stages!of!learners!in!different!curriculum!levels;!! describe!the!developmental!tasks!in!each!stage;!and! state! for! yourself! how! these! developmental! tasks! affect! your! role! as! a! facilitator! of! learning.!

! !

Overview!of!the!topic! ! A!developmental! task!is! a!task!that!arises!at!or! about!a!certain! period!in!life,!unsuccessful! achievement! of! which! leads! to! inability! to! perform!tasks!associated! with! the! next! period! or! stage!in!life.!! ! The!Stages!of!Development!and!Developmental!tasks! Prenatal!period! (from!conception!to!birth)! -!it!involves!tremendous!growth!from!a!single! cell!to!an!organism!complete!with!brain!and! behavioral!capabilities.! Infancy! (from!birth!to!18!–!24!months)!-!a!time!extreme!dependence!on!adults.!Many!psychological! activities!are!just!to!beginning!–!Language,!symbolic!thought,!sensorimotor!coordination! capabilities.! ! ! Ed 101- Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles !

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!College of Teacher Education- Undergraduate Program !

Early!childhood! (end!of!infancy!to!5-6!years!(grade!1)!-these!are!the!preschool!years.!Young!children!learn!to! become!more!self!sufficient!and!to!care!for!themselves,!develop!school!readiness!skills!and! spend!many!hours!in!play!with!peers.! Concept!of!developmental!tasks! In!each!stage!of!development!a!certain!task!or!tasks!are!expected!of!every!each!individual.! Robert!Havighurst!defines!developmental!task!as!one!that!“arises!at!a!certain!period!in!our!life,! the!successful!achievement!of!which!leads!to!happiness!and!success!with!later!tasks!while! failure!leads!to!unhappiness,!social!disapproval,!and!difficulty!with!later!tasks.”!(Havighurst,! 1972)! The!developmental!tasks!(Santrock,!2002)! (6-11!years!of!age,!the!elementary!school!years)!–!The!fundamental!skills!of!reading,!writing! and!arithmetic!are!mastered.! • • • • • • • •

Prenatal!period! Infancy! Early!childhood! Middle!and!late!childhood! Adolescence! Early!adulthood! Middle!adulthood! Late!adulthood!

Early!adulthood! (from!late!teens!or!early!20’s!lasting!through!the!30’s)!–!It!is!a!time!of!establishing!personal!and! economic!independence,!career!development,!selecting!a!mate,!learning!to!live!with!someone! in!an!intimate!way,!starting!a!family!and!rearing!children.! Late!adulthood! (60’s!and!above)!It!is!a!time!for!adjustment!to!decreasing!strength!and!health,!life!review,! retirement,!and!adjustment!to!new!social!rules.! Adolescence! Middle!adulthood! –!(10!–!12!years!of!age!ending!up!to!18!–!22!years!of!age)!Begins!with!rapid!physical!changes.! Middle!and!late!childhood! (40!to!60!years!of!age!)!–!it!is!a!time!of!expanding!personal!and!social!involvement!and! responsibility;!of!assisting!the!next!generation!in!becoming!a!competent!and!mature! individuals.! Note:!Please!see!the!attached!power!point!presentation!for!additional!lecture.! ! Ed 101- Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles !

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!College of Teacher Education- Undergraduate Program !

!Test!your!knowledge! Application!No.!2! ! Assessment!Tasks:! ! ! ! ! Photo!Essay!and!Reflections! ! Input!for!the!Task:! ! ! What!is!a!Photo!Essay?! ! ! A! photographic! essay! is! a! form! of! visual! storytelling,! a! way! to! present! a! narrative! through! a! series! of! images.! A! great! photo! essay! is! powerful,! able! to! evoke! emotion! and! understanding! without! using! words.! A! photo! essay! delivers! a! ! story! using! a! series! of! photographs!and!brings!the!viewer!along!your!narrative!journey.! ! ! A!photo!essay! tell! a! story!in! pictures,! and! there! are!many! different! ways! to! style! your! own!photo!essay.!With!wide!range!of!topics!to!explore,!a!photo!essay!can!be!thought-provoking,! emotional,!funny,!unsettling,!or!all!of!the!above,!but!mostly,!they!should!be!unforgettable.! ! Task!Design:! ! ! This! activity! intends! to! determine! the! students'! knowledge! on! child! and! adolescent! development! as! well! as! the! factors! that! affect! the! progress! of! development! of! the! learners! and!shall!include! appropriate! pedagogical! principles!applicable!for! each! developmental! level! through!photo!essay!and!reflection.!The!students!are!guided!by!the!given!rubrics!below.! ! Task!Objectives:! ! 1.!Make!a!photo!essay!of!Human!Stages!of!Development.! ! 2.!Write!your!reflection.! ! Materials!Needed:! ! • Laptop!and!Android!phone!with!internet!connection! • Any!kind!of!!camera!or!cellphone!with!camera! • Reference!book:!Child!and!Adolescent!Development!by:!Brenda!B.!Corpuz!et,al! ! Ed 101- Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles !

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!College of Teacher Education- Undergraduate Program !

Task!Procedure:!! ! 1. Research!about!the!topic.!Conduct!online!searches,!read!website!or!the!course!reference! book!to!find!out!more!about!the!topic!about!Human!Stages!of!Development!.! ! 2. Choose!your!subject.!It!could!be!you!or!any!members!of!the!family.! ! 3.! Create! an! outline.! Once! you! have! your! subject! and! permission! to! shoot,! take! a! few! moments!to!sketch!out!an!idea!of!what!photos!you!will!need.!Most!essays!need!a!variety! of!images!to!showcase!the!various!aspects!of!the!topic.! ! 4.!Take!many!shots!but!only!include!the!key!photos!necessary.! ! 5.!Choose!your!8-10!images.!Make!your!final!selections.! ! !!!!!6.!Your!final!images! can!be!captioned!to!help!enhance!your!visual!narrative,! but!if!you!feel! like!your!images!could!use!some!text,!add!it.!However,!if!you!think!the!images!can!stand! on!their!own,!then!you!can!present!them!!as!they!are.! ! Reflections:!! ! ! A.!If!you!were!given!a!chance,!which!developmental!stage!would!you!like!to!be!in?!Why?! ! ________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________! ! B.!Reflect!on!your!stages!of!development.!Were!you!able!to!acquire!the!developmental! tasks!expected!for!each!stage.!What!facilitated!your!acquisitions!of!the!ability!to!perform!such! tasks?!Write!your!reflections.! ! ! ________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________! ! ! Ed 101- Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles !

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!College of Teacher Education- Undergraduate Program !

Photo!Essay:!Criteria!Set!(!Point!System)! ! ! Visual!Text!(photographs/images)! ! ! 20! ! Typography!&!Semantics!(!the!meaning,! ! 10! !!!!!!! ! arrangement!and!apperance)!! ! ! ! Organization! (how!the!various!elements! ! 10! ! ! are!organized)! ! Theme!(!the!universal!insight!that!is!!! ! 5! !! ! communicated!by!the!essay)! ! ! Overall!Impression/Aesthetic!Effect! ! ! 5! ! ! (!the!overall!psychological!response! ! ! to!the!photo!essay!as!a!work!of!! ! ! artistic!rhetoric)! ! ! !!!!!!!_______! ! TOTAL!! ! ! ! ! ! 50! ! ! ! Scoring!Rubric!for!the!Reflection! !

!

Criteria!

4!points!

3!points!

2!points!

1!point!

0!point!

! Content!and! Accuracy!

! The! answer! demonstrates! great! understanding! of! the! topic! by! providing! accurate! and! relevant! supports.! All! key! ideas! are! clearly! presented! and! explained.!!

! The! answer! demonstrates! a! good,! general! understanding! of! the! topic.! Some! key! points!are!supported!and! explained.!!

! The!answer!is!not!very! comprehensive.! Key! points! are! addressed! but! not! clearly! supported.! There! are! some! inaccurate! and! irrelevant!statements.!! !

! ! Organization!and! Fluency!

!

! The! answer! is! highly! organized! and! ideas! are! well-presented! using! appropriate! sentences.! The! response! is! natural! and!easy!to!follow.!! !

! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Did! not! answer! the! question.!

Conventions!

!

! The! answer! has! very! minimal! errors! in! spelling,! punctuation,! capitalization! and! grammar.! These! errors! do!not!disrupt!the!flow!of! thought! and! the! general! comprehensibility! of! the! answer.!! !

! The! answer! is! generally! comprehensible! but! the! ideas! are! sometimes! disorganized.! The! reader! needs! to! exert! some! effort! to! understand!the!flow!of! ideas.!! ! ! There!are!a!few!glaring! errors! in! spelling,! punctuation,! capitalization! and! grammar.! These! sometimes! interfere! with! the! reader’s! ability! to! understand! the!answer.!!

! The! answer! is! incomplete! and! the! key! ideas! are! not! addressed! and! supported.! The! answer! demonstrates! very! little! or! no! understanding!of!the! topic.!! ! ! Improper! organization! and! structure! distracts! the! reader! and! makes! the! answer! difficult! to! comprehend.! The! answer!uses!unusual! and! confusing! word! patterns.!!

TOTAL&–&10&POINTS& Ed 101- Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles !

! The! errors! in! spelling,! capitalization,! punctuation! and! grammar! are! frequent!and!were!a! severe!distraction!to! the! reader’s! ability! to! comprehend! the! answer.!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!College of Teacher Education- Undergraduate Program !

LESSON!3! ! Issues!on!Human!Development! ! !!What!is!the!objective!of!this!lesson?! ! At!the!end!of!this!lesson,!you!are!expected!to!be!able!to:! •

take!an!informed!stand/position!on!the!three!issues!on!development.! !

Overview!of!the!topic! ! There!are!three!theoretical!issues!in!human!development;!nature!versus!nurture,! continuity!versus!stages!and!stability!versus!change.! ! The!first!issue!is!nature!versus!nurture.!This!controversy!goes!back!to!the!ancient!Greeks.!Early! philosophers! believed! that! at! birth! our! minds! are! a! 'blank! state'! and! that! one's! environment! determines! the! messages! that! will! be! written! on! the! slate.! Naturists! believe! that! human! behavior! and! development! are! governed! by! automatic,! genetically! predetermined! signals! in! maturation.!There!is!a!favorable!period!after!birth!called!a!critical!period!when!the!organism's! exposure! to! stimuli! or! experiences! produce! proper! development.! Nurturists! argue! that! development! occurs! by! learning! through! observation! and! experience.! For! example,! a! child! would!learn!behaviors!by!watching!his!or!her!parents!or!other!close!family!members.! The! second! issue! is! continuity! versus! discontinuity.!Continuity! proposes!that! development!is! continuous,!with!new!abilities,!skills!and!knowledge!gradually!added!at!a!relatively!uniform!rate.! It! also! suggests! that! adult! thinking! and! intelligence! differ! from! a! child's.! For! example,! adults! have! more! verbal! skills! than! children.! Stage! theorists! suggest! that! development! occurs! at! different! rates! that! vary! from! little! change! to! rapid,! abrupt! change.! Stage! theories! include:! Piaget's! theory! of! cognitive! development,! Erikson's! psychosocial! theory! of! development,! and! Kohlberg's!theory!of!moral!development.! The!third!and!final!issue!is!stability!versus!change.!Stability!proposes!that!individuals!maintain! their! personal! characteristics! from! childhood! to! adulthood.! They! emphasize! that! one! can! tell! what! kind! of! character! an! individual! will! have! by! the! characteristics! they! display! during! childhood.! Psychologists! who! emphasize! change! disagree! entirely.! They! believe! that! a! child's! personality! and! characteristics! bear! little! resemblance! to! the! characteristics! present! in! adulthood.! Ed 101- Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles !

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!College of Teacher Education- Undergraduate Program !

Note:!Please!see!the!attached!power!point!presentation!for!additional!lecture.!

!

! !Test!your!knowledge!

Application!No.!3! ! Complete!the!sentence.! ! ! With!regard! !to!the! nurture-nature,!continuity-discontinuity! and! change-stability! controversies,!the!wiser!stand!is!_____________________________________________! ________________________________________________________________________.! ! !

LESSON 4

Research in Child and Adolescent D...