Nation as an Imagined Community PDF

Preview

Summary

Download Nation as an Imagined Community PDF

Description

College of Industrial Technology

My

D Di s t a n c e

L Le a r n i n g

M Ma t e

(mVLE Learning Activity Packet)

PI 01 (THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL) CHAPTER II

RIZAL AND THE THEORY OF NATIONALISM

Lesson 1 The Nation as an Imagined Community

Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/jlascar/17293499181

DAN JEROME L. MALAPIRA Instructor I

First Semester, A.Y. 2020 - 2021

P

Brgy. 7-B Nuestra Sra. De Natividad, Laoag City, 2900 Ilocos Norte, Philippines Telephone: (077) 600-3019 Email: [email protected] Website: www.cit.mmsu.edu.ph Facebook: https//web.facebook.com/MMSUCITOfficial/

My

D Di s t a n c e

L Le a r n i n g

(mVLE Learning Activity Packet)

M Ma t e

CHAPTER II RIZAL AND THE THEORY OF NATIONALISM Lesson 1: The Nation as an Imagined Community

Lesson Objectives At the end of the lesson, the students must have: 1) defined important concepts such as nation, nationalism, nationality; 2) assessed the characteristics of a nation; Key Terminologies Nation. An imagined political community that is imagined as both inherently limited and sovereign (Anderson, Philippine ed. 2003). Nationalism. A sense of national consciousness (see CONSCIOUSNESS sense 1c) exalting one nation above all others and placing primary emphasis on promotion of its culture and interests as opposed to those of other nations or supranational groups. Nationality. A people having a common origin, tradition, and language and capable of forming or actually constituting a nation-state. Activity I: Warm Up Direction: Analyze the question and answer briefly but substantial. If you were alive during the Spanish Regime? Would you do the same as Bonifacio and Rizal did? ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________

Lesson Development LESSON 2 THE NATION AS AN IMAGINED COMMUNITY Introduction Acquiring a better understanding of Rizal’s life demands a deeper and more profound analysis of his life and writings. His firm beliefs were the results of what he had seen and experienced during his European days Thus, to clear up vague thoughts about him requires a glimpse into his past. Nation  It is an imagined political community that is imagined as both inherently limited and sovereign. • Imagined because members will never know most of their fellow-members, yet in the minds of each lives the image of their communion. • Limited because it has finite, though elastic boundaries beyond which lies other nations. • Sovereign because it came to maturity at a stage of human history when freedom was a rare and precious ideal. • Imagined as a community because it is conceived as a deep, horizontal comradeship. PI 01

Chapter I: Rizal and the Theory of Nationalism

2

My

D Di s t a n c e

L Le a r n i n g

(mVLE Learning Activity Packet)

M Ma t e

Cultural Roots Changes in the following created the conditions under which nationalism may have emerged: • The Religious Community • The Dynastic Realm • Apprehensions of Time  The Religious Community • Decline of belief that there is a sacred text that irrevocably embodies truth. • Changes in the religious community gave rise to the belief that nationalism was a secular solution to the question of continuity that has been answered previously, by religious faith. • Cause of the fall: - Effect of the explorations of the non-European world - Gradual demotion of the sacred language. Old sacred languages were fragmented, vernaculars gained popularity.  The Dynastic Realm • The principle of Legitimacy of sacral monarchy began its slow decline. • Decline of the belief that society was naturally organized around and under high centers-monarchs who ruled under some form of cosmological dispensation or divine providence.  Apprehensions of Time • The idea of a sociological organism moving calendrically through homogenous, empty time is a precise analogue of the idea of the nation, which also is conceived as a solid community moving steadily through history. Two forms of imagining in Europe, 18th century: • The Novel • The Newspaper Provided technical means for representing the nation, an imagined community. The Origins of National Consciousness Cultural consciousness took the form of nationalism due to the interaction between: - a system of production and productive relations (capitalism); - a technology of communications (print); - the fatality of human linguistic diversity. Creole Pioneers  Creole States: communities that were formed and led by people who shared a common language and common descent with those against whom they fought.  Creole (Criollo)- person of (at least theoretically) pure European descent but born anywhere outside Europe. The first nations to conceive nation-ness were not in Western Europe but in Latin America in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. PI 01

Chapter I: Rizal and the Theory of Nationalism

3

My

D Di s t a n c e

L Le a r n i n g

(mVLE Learning Activity Packet)

M Ma t e

Factors of Latin American Nationalism  The tightening of control on creole communities  Liberalism and the Enlightenment  The improvement of trans-Atlantic communication  The willingness of the ''comfortable classes'' to make sacrifices in the name of freedom creole functionaries’ pilgrimage.  Provincial creole print men and the rise of the newspaper Old Languages, New Models  Two striking features in the onset of the age of nationalism in Europe: • “National print-languages” were of central ideological and political importance. • The nation became something capable of being consciously aspired to from early on due to the ''models'' set forth by the Creole pioneers.  Vernacular print capitalism is important to class formation, particularly the rise of the bourgeoisie.  The nobility then were potential consumers of the philological revolution.  As soon as the events of the Americas reached the European nobility through print, the imagined realities of nation-states became models for Europe. Official Nationalism and Imperialism  From about the middle of the 19th Century there developed ''official nationalism'' in Europe.  The oligarchy’s prime models were the self-naturalizing dynasties of Europe.  Official nationalism concealed a discrepancy between nation and dynastic realm. The Last Wave  The last wave of nationalism was the transformation of the colonial-state to the national state facilitated by: - increase in physical mobility; - increasing bureaucratization; - the spread of modern-style education.  Official nationalism brought the idea of ''national histories'' into the consciousness of the colonized.  The Last Wave arose in a period of world history in which the nation was becoming an international norm and in which it became possible to ''model'' nationness in a more complex way than before. Patriotism and Racism  Nation came to be:

imagined

PI 01

modeled

adapted

transformed

Chapter I: Rizal and the Theory of Nationalism

4

My

D Di s t a n c e

L Le a r n i n g

(mVLE Learning Activity Packet)

M Ma t e

 People’s attachment for the invention of their imagination, why they are ready to die for their inventions? • Nation-ness is ''natural'' in the sense that it contains something that is not chosen (much like gender, skin color, and parentage). • Nationalism thinks in terms of historical destinies, while racism dreams of eternal contaminations whose origins lie outside of history. • Nation was conceived by language, not in blood.  The Angel of History • Nationalism has undergone a process of modulation and adaptation, according to different eras, political regimes, economies, and social structures. • To limit or prevent wars, nationalism is the pathology of modern developmental history, do our slow best to learn the real, and imagine experience of the past.  Census, Map, Museum These three institutions of power profoundly shaped the way in which the colonial state imagined its dominion • Census - Created ''identities'' imagined by the classifying mind of the colonial state. - The fiction of the census is that everyone is in it, and that everyone has one, and only one, extremely clear place. • Map - Basis of a totalizing classification. - Designed to demonstrate the antiquity of specific, tightly bounded territorial units. - Served as a logo, instantly recognizable and visible everywhere, that formed a powerful emblem for the anticolonial nationalism being born. • Museum - Allowed the state to appear as the guardian of tradition, and this power was enhanced by the infinite reproducibility of the symbols of tradition.

References:  Anderson, B. Introduction to Unimagined Communities  Anderson, B. Cultural Roots: Imagined Communities  Anderson, B. Creole Pioneers: Imagined Communities  https://www.scribd.com/presentation/164857310/PPT-Imagined-Communities  https://scholarblogs.emory.edu/postcolonialstudies/2014/06/19/anderson-benedict/  https://www.scribd.com/presentation/403464339/RIZAL-AND-THE-THEORY-OFNATIONALISM-pptx

PI 01

Chapter I: Rizal and the Theory of Nationalism

5...