Parasitology short questions and answer PDF

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Practice short exam questions based on Parasitology....

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Parasitology+ + + A!parasite+is+an+organism,+which+lives,+in+close+association+with+another+organism,+usually+ larger,+of+a+different+species.+THE+HOST.+To+gain+nutrition+and+other+benefits+to+the+ detriment+of+the+host.+ + + 1. In+host+parasite+relationships,+what+is+meant+by+the+term+definitive+host?+ A+definitive+host+is+an+animal+in+which+the+parasite+passes+its+adult+existence+and/or+ undergoes+a+sexual+reproductive+phase.+ + 2. What+is+an+intermediate+host?+ The+intermediate+host+is+where+the+parasite+spends+some+time,+but+generally+not+as+ an+adult+and+with+no+sexual+reproductive+phase.+ + 3. Give+an+example+of+a+geographical+factor+that+can+affect+the+distribution+of+ parasites?+ Geographical+factors+ • Climate+ • Soil+type+(sand,+lime)+ • Coprozoic+organisms+(beetles,+earthworms,+slugs)+ • Surface+water+ • Vegetation+ + 4. Give+an+example+of+a+socio-economic+factor+that+can+affect+the+distribution+of+ parasites?+ • Housing+ • Coprophagic+animals+(animals+which+eat+faeces)+ • Urbanisation+ • Economic+activities+ • Domestication+of+animals+ • Migration,+wars,+tourism+ + 5. What+is+the+common+name+for+Enterobius+vermicularis?+ Pinworms+ + 6. In+the+lifecycle+for+E.vermicularis,+in+what+location+do+the+eggs+become+infective?+ • Eggs+in+faeces+ • Infective!eggs!develop!in!soil!(Eggs!become!infective!when!they!develop!in! soild)! • Eggs+ingested+ • Eggs+hatch+in+intestine+ • Young+worms+remain+and+mature+in+intestine+ • Adult+worms+in+intestine+of+humans+ + + +

Parasitology+ + + 7. Which+protozoan+parasites+is+responsible+for+causing+diarrhoea,+mucus+secretion+and+ flatulence?+ Giardia+lamblia+ + 8. What+is+the+definitive+host+for+Taenia+saginata?+ Humans! ! 9. What+is+the+intermediate+host+for+Taenia+solium?+ Pork! ! 10. What+is+the+intermediate+host+for+Taenia+saginata?+ Beef! + 1. List+4+wats+that+a+parasite+can+harm+a+host?+ • Mechanical+injury+–+such+as+hookworm+larvae+attach+and+damage+the+mucosa+ and+also+consume+blood+(nutrients)+ • Obstruction+such+as+round+worm+ • Metabolic+products+toxic+to+host+ • Host+reactions/responses+especially+is+parasite+dies+ • Competing+with+host+for+nutrients.+ + 2. List+4+ways+that+a+parasite+may+gain+entry+to+the+host?+ • Oral+ • Percutaneous-+through+skin+ • Inhalation+ • Transplacental+ • Sexual+intercourse+ + 3. List!the!scientific!names!for!the!three!groups!or!worms!(flukes,!tapeworms!and! roundworms)?!Name!a!genus!and!species!from!one!of!these!three!groups!and! indicate!which!group!it!belongs!to.!! Types+of+parasites+ • Helminths!(worms)! à!Platyhelminths!(Flat!worms)!! Schistosoma!haematobium,!Schistosoma!japonicum,!Schistosoma!mansoni! à!Trematodes!(flukes)!! ! ! à!Cestodes!(tapeworms)!Taenia!saginata,!Taenia!solium,!! à+Nematodes+(round)+ + + + • Protozoa+e.g.+malaria,+toxoplasmosis+ • Arthropods+e.g.+louse,+ticks,+mites+ +...