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CMIT 202 7987 PC Building and Manual February 25, 2019

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This manual is intended to provide the reader with clear instructions on how to build a computer. Building a computer in the right environment with the right tools and instructions will save the builder a lot of time and unnecessary extra costs. Safety is also a key in building your own pc to protect you and other people around electrical equipment.

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Table of Contents Part 1: Section 1. Section 2. Section 3. Section 4. Section 5.

Workspace Preparation Installing Motherboard Installing Power Supply Installing CPU Installing RAM

pg. 3-4 pg. 5-8 pg. 8-9 pg. 10-11 pg. 12

Installing Hard Drive Installing Optical Drive Installing Video card Connecting Monitors, Keyboard, and Mouse BIOS Configuration

pg. 13-14 pg. 14-15 pg. 16 pg. 16-17 pg. 18-23

Part 2. Section 6. Section 7. Section 8. Section 9. Section 10. Part 3. Section 11. Installing windows 10 Section 12. Configuring critical windows features

pg. 23-26 pg. 27-29

Reference table of contents:

pg. 30

Reference:

pg. 31

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Section 1. Workspace Preparation

Before setting up the workspace, ensure that you have removed all jewelry because it could potentially transfer an electrical charge to your body or get hung up on the equipment you are working on and with. Also ensure that the temperature in the room is not to hot (72-77 degrees) and humidity is good when dealing with electrostatic discharges. Next step is to find a suitable workspace that is free of unnecessary devices and equipment not needed in building a PC. A workbench or table is the best recommended workstation.

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Figure 1 workstation

Then you should gather all the tools needed to fully build a PC Recommended: 

Static mat (for table and floor)

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

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ESD Wrist Strap

Figure 2 Static mat

1 Notebooksbilliger. (2010) Pc case on table [online image] retrieved from https://blog.notebooksbilliger.de/daraufhat-die-welt-gewartet-der-pc-building-simulator/ 2 Uline. (n.d) Anti-static mat. [online image] retrieved from https://www.uline.com/Cls_36/Mats 3 Uline. (n.d) Anti-static mat. [online image] retrieved from https://www.uline.ca/BL_7403/Anti-Static-Table-Mats

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Figure 3 ESD Wrist Stap

Needed: 

Screw driver with interchangeable bits, or several screwdrivers of different types and sizes. (Refer to components manuals to know the types needed)

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Figure 4 Screw Driver

After you have gathered the necessary tools, layout your workstation with your tools and pc components and it should look somewhat like the picture below.

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Figure 5 Workstation layout

If using a static mat and an ESD wrist strap, connect the cables coming from them to the metal outer shell of the PC case to ensure both you and the case is grounded.

4 Armenius. (n.d) ESD wrist strap [online image]retrieved from https://armenius.com.cy/en/power/630-anti-staticesd-wrist-strap-discharge-band.html 5 Amazon. (n.d). Screw Driver [online image]retrieved from https://www.amazon.co.uk/Black-Decker-BDHT062129-Screwdriver-Interchangeable/dp/B00IN6NA6E. 6 JJ. (2015) [untitled illustration of pc tower and parts] retrieved from https://edgeup.asus.com/2015/10-thingsyou-should-should-not-do-when-building-a-pc/

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Section 2. Installing the motherboard The motherboard is the link and housing between all your computer parts. Every part that you will want to install in your computer will be connected to the motherboard. For example, your power supply, video card, RAM, and hard disk will all be connected to your motherboard. The motherboard can even have extra expansion slots to install a network card, riser cards, and sound cards.[ CITATION Hop18 \l 1033 ] Choosing a motherboard mainly depends on what other parts you want to run in your system since not all parts are compatible with certain motherboards. Some people find it easier to install the CPU and memory while the motherboard is outside the case but there is no wrong or right way to do it, so it is up to you. Step 1. Prep the case to install the motherboard. Grab the IO shield that comes with the motherboard. The IO shield has cutouts that are specifically designed for the motherboard ports. Press the shield into the rear opening of the case and it should snap into place.

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Figure 6 Installing motherboard IO shield

Step 2. Install the motherboard standoff. The flat metal place where you will install the motherboard should be a bunch of threaded holes. This is where you will install the motherboards standoff. Cases come with many wholes to be compatible with different motherboards. Make sure when you install the standoff, that its in the same configuration as the motherboard being mounted. (screws only need to be hand tighten not torqued)

7 Robtech. (2018) How to install motherboard IO plate [video image] retrieved from http://vmp4.me/video/ioshield.html 8 [untitled illustration of installing IO shield] retrieved from https://kona0197.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/picture-024.jpg?w=300&h=225

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Figure 7 motherboard stand off and screw location

Step 3. Install the motherboard. First slide the IO ports connectors of the motherboard through the opening of the IO shield. Also check to ensure the standoffs are in the correct configuration.

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Figure 8 Installing motherboard

Step 4. Attach the motherboard. Now take the fine thread motherboard screws and secure the motherboard to the standoff. Make sure the motherboard is secured but do not overtighten the screws. This could damage the motherboard.

9 Wikipedia. (2018) Spacers and standoff [online image] retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacers_and_standoffs 10 [untitled illustration of motherboard standoff configuration] retrieved from https://forums.hardwarezone.com.sg/hardware-clinic-2/difficult-build-own-pc-4448509-2.html 11 [untitled illustration of installing motherboard] retrieved from https://i.ytimg.com/vi/i61MKaAxyuY/maxresdefault.jpg 12 [untitled illustration of screwing motherboard in place] retrieved from https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E1990201/html/821-1345/gjpvy.html

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Figure 9 Attaching motherboard

(skip step 5 and come back after installing the Power Supply if power supply isn’t already installed) Step 5. Connecting power supply to motherboard. Attach the ATX power plug to the ATX connector on the motherboard. This will be a 24-pin connector, or 20 plus 4 connector. These connectors can only be plugged in one way. Connecting the CPU power. Depending on the type of motherboard, there will be either a 4 or 8-pin CPU power connector. Connect it to the motherboard, connector is usually near the CPU.

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Figure 10 Connecting ATX power plug

Step 6. Connect the header cables. These cables will be connected to headers located on the bottom of the motherboard. Refer to the motherboard manual to identify the headers and the component that connects to them. If your case has front USB ports, it will also have USB wires. Connect these wires to the USB headers.

13 Murray, M. (2012) How to install a motherboard [online image] retrieved from https://uk.pcmag.com/chipsetsprocessors/61381/how-to-install-a-motherboard 14 Oracle. (n.d) Install the motherboard assembly [online image] retrieved from https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E22985_01/html/E22986/z40000171411729.html 15 Rosenthal, M. (2018) Build your own PC [online image] retrieved from http://www.ifitjams.com/ibuild5.htm 16 PlayTool. (2008) All about the various PC power supply cables and connectors [online image] retrieved from http://www.playtool.com/pages/psuconnectors/connectors.html

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Figure 11 Connecting Header Cables

Section 3. Installing Power supply The power supply is a very important part of your PC build. It the only way your computer can receive power. Be sure that the power supply you are using produces the right amount of wattage for your system. There are tools online to help you choose the right power source for your pc. You will need to know what parts you will be installing like CPU, video card, type and number of drives, and if your planning on overclocking. This will ensure you have enough available power and connectors for your system and pc parts. Another key point is that bigger isn’t always better. If you buy a 1000-watt power supply but your pc only needs 600 watts, your computer will most likely not run higher than that. So, the extra money you wasted on a bigger power source could have been used for more RAM or other part. The main purpose of the power supply is to convert AC power to DC power. To find out how much power you need, add up the wattage requirement for all components of your computer that require power. Step 1. Align the power supply in the case so that it matches up with the 4-mounting hole. While holding the power supply in place, fasten the power supply in place with the provide screws.

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Figure 12 installing power supply

17 Build computers. (n.d) Installing a motherboard [online image} retrieved from http://www.buildcomputers.net/installing-a-motherboard.html 18 Gigabyte (2013) Connecting cables to internal connectors [online image] retrieved from https://www.gigabyte.com/WebPage/141/step7.html 19 [untitled illustration of installing a power supply] retrieved from https://www.palmbeachgeek.com/hello-world/ 20 Crafty corner. (n.d) Replacing a computer power supply unit [online image] retrieved from http://craftycorner.co.za/diy/computer_care/replacing-pc-psu/replacing-power-supply.html

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Step 2. Ensure that the power supply is set to the proper voltage of your country, located on the back of the power supply. (North America 110/115v, Europe 220/230v)

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Figure 13 Power supply configuration

Step 3. Power to the motherboard. Plug the ATX 20 plus 4-pin power connector into the motherboard. You will then connect the CPU power cable. (refer to section 2. Step 5.) Some connections on the power supply are keys so they will one fit into connectors one way. Do not try to force connectors together because this could damage your motherboard or connectors.

21 [untitled illustration of power supply] retrieved from https://qualebs.com/techbay/service %3Bjsessionid=c37ab6a9187bb2b9f04c6219df3f?serviceId=8 22 [untitled illustration of power supply] retrieved from https://www.reddit.com/r/tifu/comments/4hng54/tifu_flicking_the_red_switch_on_pc/

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Section 4. Installing CPU CPU also known as the central processing unit or the processor, is the brains of the computer system. Without a CPU, the other parts of your computer wouldn’t be able to function. The CPU is made up of small dense components that can be easily damage by static discharges. Therefore, we recommend using a static mat and ESD band. You will not know if you damaged your CPU until you power the system on. Ensure that your CPU and motherboard are compatible. This can be found online on in your manuals for your motherboard and CPU. You also need to verify that the CPU supports the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) firmware on your motherboard. Just because the CPU fits into the socket, doesn’t mean its compatible with your system. Also ensure that you have a CPU cooler for your system. Step 1. Lift the lever up on the CPU socket of the mother board and match the CPU key with the Motherboard key when inserting into the socket. You will not be able to insert the CPU if the keys aren’t matched up.

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Figure 14 CPU installation

Step 2. Close the lever to hold the processor in place. Step 3. Install a thermal pad or paste on the top of the CPU.

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Figure 15 installing thermal pad/paste

23 Oracle. (2014) Installing a processor [online image]retrieved from https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E20881_01/html/E20896/sbxsm.glmma.html 24 Lui, Z. (2018) Intel core i7 CPU [online image] retrieved from https://www.tomshardware.com/news/intel-9000series-release-specs-pricing,37695.html 25 [untitled illustration of motherboard CPU location] retrieved from https://i.ytimg.com/vi/uFlBPyQbJZw/maxresdefault.jpg 26 Edmonds, R. (2017) Chipsets [online image] retrieved from https://www.windowscentral.com/heres-what-cpusocket-and-why-its-important

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Step 4. Place the CPU cooler on top of the CPU. Use the connectors provided to secure the cooler to the motherboard.

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Figure 16 installing CPU fan

Step 5. Connect the power cable to the power connector on the motherboard.

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Figure 17installing CPU fan connector

27 Support, intel. (2017) Intel processor fan [online image] retrieved from https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000005852/processors.html 28 Support, intel. (2017) Intel processor fan [online image] retrieved from https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000005852/processors.html 29 Build computer. (n.d) CPU fan [online image] retrieved from http://www.buildcomputers.net/installing-a-cpufan.html

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Section 5. Installing Ram RAM (Random access memory) is like the short-term memory of the brain (CPU) for a computer. RAM stores the data for programs and running application making it more easily accessible. If you shut down your computer with applications running before for saving them, they won’t be saved and erased from the RAM’s memory. First check the motherboard manual to find out what type of Ram is supported and how the Ram modules need to be installed on the motherboard. Note that both the CPU and Ram need to be installed for the other to work. If using more than one module, it should be the same make and model and have the same capacity and speed in sets to perform correctly. Ram modules and Ram slots on the motherboard are keyed and will only go in one orientation. Do not try to force the Ram module into the slot. RAM can be configured in single, dual, triple, and quad channel. As said in the names, they will either double, triple or quadruple the memory bandwidth. Newer motherboards are labeled, or color coded to show where to insert RAM when using the different channels. If possible buy and install ram in pairs for better performance. Step 1. Install first memory module into the first memory slot by sliding it into place with gentle pressure until it clicks and the two tabs on both ends of the module move automatically up and locked into place. Step 2. If you are installing more than 1 module, refer to the motherboard manual for installing dual, triple and quad channel modes if your motherboard supports it.

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Figure 18 Installing Ram

Once you have your Ram and CPU installed, you can power on your system to see if your system recognizes your memory and if you have it installed correctly in the BIOS settings.

30 Rosenthal, M. (2018) Installing RAM [online image] retrieved from http://www.ifitjams.com/ibuild3.htm 31 Slow Computer Solutions. (2018) Check your memory [online image] retrieved from http://www.slowcomputerguide.com/memory.html

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Installing Hard Drive Now your hard drive is the long-term memory of your computer. Hard Drives will permanently save and retrieve data on your computer. First verify that you have SATA data cable for your hard drive/s and verify that your power source has an available SATA power connector for your hard drive/s. Before fastening your hard drive/s in the case, verify that all cable able to reach the hard drive. Step 1. Locate the empty drive bay in the pc case and install the hard drive. Then screw the drive into place.

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Figure 19Installing hard drive

Step 2. Connect the power supply to the drive. Locate the SATA power cable coming from the power supply. Ensure the cable connector key from the SATA power cable matches the key on the drive. Orient the connector the correct way and insert it into the drive.

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Figure 20 installing hard drive power and SATA connector

Step 3. Connect the SATA Data cable to the hard drive. The data cable is also a key connect so ensure you match up the connectors and orient the connector the right way when installing.

32 Kirsch, N. (2006) Installing the hard drive [online image] retrieved from https://www.legitreviews.com/buildingyour-own-computer-diy-guide_316/2 33 Build easy pc. (2012) How to install a SATA Hard Disk Drive [online image] retrieved from http://www.buildeasypc.com/hw/howto/install_sata_hard_drive.htm 34 [untitled illustration of hard drive connections] retrieved from http://www.kitchentablecomputers.com/drcables2.php 35 Torres, G. (2005) Anatomy of a hard disk drive [online image] retrieved from https://www.hardwaresecrets.com/anatomy-of-a-hard-disk-drive/2/

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Step 4. Connect the other end of the SATA data connector to the motherboard. If you do not know where the SATA connector on the motherboard is, refer to the motherboard’s manual. If you are connecting the hard drive that will the boot drive (operating system), it is best to connect it to the lowest numbered SATA connector on the motherboard.

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Figure 21 installing hard drive SATA connector to motherboard

Step 5. Repeat steps 1 through 4 if installing more than 1 hard drive Step 6. Verify the drive has been detected by the BIOS or UFI firmware. You can skip this step until the end if you want to install all your pc parts first. Installing optical drive If your case doesn’t support or you’re not installing an optical drive, skip this step. Optical drives enable the computer to read CDs, DVDs, and blue-ray disk. If your case has a flap used to hide the hole where the optical drive is mounted, remove it now. Also, some case requires the remove of the front panel to insert the optical drive. Refer to the case manual for details. Verify if your optical drive uses the old IDE data connector or the SATA data connector. Ensure that your connectors match up with your power supply and motherboard. Also ensure that your power supply Step 1. Fit the drive from the front of the pc case into the 5,25in drive bay. The front of the optical drive should be flush with the case.

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Figure 22 installing optical drive

36 Build easy pc. (2012) SATA data cable. [online image] retrieved from http://www.buildeasypc.com/category/build-pc/how-to-install-a-sata-hard-drive-seagate-barracuda-500gb-720012.htm 37 Alphr. (2016) Optical Drive [online image] retrieved from https://www.alphr.com/features/378928/how-toinstall-an-optical-drive 38 WikiHow. (2016) Optical Drive [online image] retrieved from https://www.wikihow.com/Install-a-DVD-Drive

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Step 2. Screw the drive into place.

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Figure 23 screwing optical drive in place

Step 3. Connect the power supply. Locate the SATA power supply cable from the power supply and connect it to the optical drive.

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Figure 24 connecting optical drive power and SATA connectors

Step 4. Connect the data cable. Now locate the SATA data cable and connect it to the optical drive Step 5. Next connect the other end of the SATA data cable to the motherbo...