Perfect Tense with être PDF

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Perfect Tense with “être” : Lecture notes...

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Perfect Tense with “être” Some verbs use “être” instead of “avoir” in order to form the perfect tense. It is important to note that with this group of verbs, the past participle must agree with the noun or pronoun which is the subject of the verb: Je suis allé (e) Tu es allé (e) Il est allé Elle est allée Nous sommes allé(e)s Vous êtes allé (e) (s) Ils sont allés Elles sont allées

Most verbs taking “être” can be remembered as pairs of opposites: aller venir

to go to come

je suis allé (e) je suis venu (e)

arriver partir

to arrive to leave

je suis arrivé (e) je suis parti (e)

entrer sortir

to go in / enter to go out

je suis entré (e) je suis sorti (e)

monter descendre

to go up / enter a vehicle to go down / out of a vehicle

je suis monté (e) je suis descendu (e)

naître mourir

to be born to die

je suis né (e) je suis mort (e)

rester

to stay

je suis resté (e)

retourner

to go back

je suis retourné (e)

tomber

to fall

je suis tombé (e)

NB: All compounds of these verbs also take “être” in the perfect: e.g. devenir (to become), rentrer (to go back in), remonter (to go back up)

A vous! She arrived at 9am and left at 5pm She was born on 12th June 1972 They went to a meeting in Paris I went up to the second floor He came downstairs with the luggage When did you come back? How long did you stay in Paris? I stayed in Paris for 3 weeks She never went back to Rome He has not arrived yet When were you born?

In addition to the list of verbs above, all reflexive verbs use “être” in the perfect tense: Je me suis levé (e) Tu t’es couché (e) Il s’est décidé Elle s’est perdu (e) Nous nous sommes promenés / promenées Vous vous êtes ennuyé (s) (e) (es) Ils se sont calmés Elles se sont assises

A vous! He got lost in the underground We walked in the village They got up very early We went to bed very late I have not made up my mind They got bored Have you made up your mind? I did not get up late What happened?...