Pharmacokinetics MCQ answers PDF

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I. DRUG ADMINISTRATION 1. The main routes of enteral administration of drugs are: a) oral; b) by injection; c) rectal; d) per mucosa. 2. Advantages of the oral route of drug administration are: a) easily self-administered; b) toxicity and overdose may be overcome with antidotes; c) drugs avoid first-pass metabolism; d) drugs go directly into the systemic circulation. 3. Advantages of the rectal route of drug administration are: a) suitable for vomiting patients; b) suitable for children; c) suitable for unconscious patients; d) a way to avoid first-pass metabolism. 4. Which of the following enteral routes of drug administration avoid the first-pass metabolism in the liver: a) rectal; b) sublingual; c) oral; d) transdermal. 5. The main routes of parenteral administration of drugs are: a) oral; b) by injection; c) rectal; d) percutaneous. 6. Parenteral routes of drug administration are: a) rectal, intramuscular, subcutaneous; b) intravenous, intramuscular, intranasal; c) intravenous, sublingual, transdermal; d) transdermal, subcutaneous, by inhalation. 7. Disadvantages of intravenous drug administration are: a) a trained staff is required; b) risk of bacterial contamination at the site of injection; c) it is painful and stressful for the patient; d) drugs undergo first-pass metabolism in the liver. 8. Point out the correct statements for intravenous drug administration: a) aqueous solutions can be administered i.v.; b) oil solutions can be administered i.v.; c) has the highest bioavailability; d) used for treatment of life-threatening conditions. 9. Which route of administration must be used for oil solutions: a) oral; b) intravenous; c) intramuscular; d) subcutaneous. 10. Suspensions can be administered: a) orally; b) intravenously; c) intramuscularly; d) subcutaneously.

II. PHARMACOKINETICS 1. The subject of pharmacokinetics is: a) drug absorption and distribution; b) drug biotransformation; c) drug elimination; d) drug biological activity; 2. Pharmacokinetic indexes are: a) volume of distribution (Vd); b) half-time (T1/2); c) clearance (Cl); d) bioavailability. 3. Point out the correct statements for passive diffusion: a) does not require energy; b) requires energy; c) involves a carrier; d) drugs move from high to lower concentration. 4. The diffusion of lipid soluble drugs: a) depends on the charge of the drug molecule; b) does not depend on the charge of the drug molecule; c) is penetration through aqueous channels or pores; d) is penetration through the biological membranes. 5. A drug – weak acid will be absorbed: a) in a medium with low pH; b) in a medium with high pH; c) in the stomach; d) in the intestine. 6. A drug – weak base will be absorbed: a) in a medium with low pH; b) in a medium with high pH; c) in the stomach; d) in the intestine. 7. Point out the correct statements for active drug transport: a) it is energy – dependent; b) it is not energy – dependent; c) requires carriers; d) does not require carriers. 8. Different forms of passive transport of drugs are: a) filtration; b) pinocytosis; c) passive diffusion; d) convection. 9. Bioavailability represents: а) drug concentration in the plasma; b) the relation between dose and plasma concentration; c) the relation between protein-bound and unbound drug; d) the relation between drug and metabolites concentration. 10. Drug distribution: a) does not depend on the blood flow; b) albumin is the major binding protein and may act as a drug reservoir; c) hydrophilic drugs rapidly penetrate cell membranes; d) hydrophobic drugs rapidly move across most biological membranes. 11. Volume of distribution (Vd) is: а) apparent volume of drug distribution in various compartments of the body; b) plasma unbound drug; c) equaled to the volume of physiological liquids; d) plasma bound drug. 12. Factors determining the volume of drug distribution are: a) blood flow; b) capillary permeability; c) drug structure;

d) binding to plasma proteins. 13. The barrier systems are: a) blood - brain barrier, blood - prostate barrier; b) blood - corneal barrier, feto - placental barrier; c) drugs pass through them easily; d) drugs pass through them selectively. 14. Point out the correct statement for drugs bound to plasma proteins: a) bound drugs are pharmacologically active; b) only the unbound drugs can act on target sites in the tissues; c) only the bound drugs are available to the process of elimination; d) drugs may displace each other from the binding proteins. 15. Organs involved in drug metabolism are: a) liver; b) kidneys; c) lungs; d) plasma. 16. Drug metabolism may: a) increase a drug’s pharmacological activity; b) decrease a drug’s pharmacological activity; c) change the pharmacological effects of a drug; d) change the toxicity of a drug. 17. First phase liver metabolism reactions include: a) acetylation; b) conjugation; c) reduction; d) oxidation. 18. Second phase liver metabolism reactions include: a) acetylation; b) conjugation; c) reduction; d) oxidation. 19. Phase I of drug metabolism: a) may or may not involve cytochrome P450 system; b) phase I reactions convert lipophilic molecules to more polar molecules; c) includes alcohol dehydrogenation, amine oxidation, hydrolysis; d) consists of conjugation reactions. 20. Drugs, inducers of cytochrome P450 system are: a) Phenobarbital; b) Phenytoin; c) Rifampin; d) Carbamazepine. 21. Drugs, inhibitors of cytochrome P450 system are: a) Omeprazole; b) Alcohol; c) Ketoconazole; d) Chloramphenicol. 22. Drugs can be excreted through: a) lungs; b) kidneys; c) skin; d) bones. 23. Renal excretion of a drug will be reduced if: а) the drug is a weak acid and the urine is alkaline; b) the drug is a weak acid and the urine is acidic; c) the drug is a weak base and the urine is alkaline; d) the drug is a barbiturate and the urine is alkaline....