PHYS 1001 Ch 2 Documentary- The Universe in a Nutshell by Michio Kaku PDF

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PHYS 1001 Ch 2 Documentary- The Universe in a Nutshell by Michio Kaku...

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PHYS 1001 Ch 2 Documentary: The Universe in a Nutshell by Michio Kaku Auguste Comte (1798-1857): To understand a science it is necessary to know its history Physics is the foundation of technology 4 forces of universe • Gravity • Electro-magnetism • Weak nuclear • Strong nuclear Unified field theory • Einstein’s unsolved problem when he died • Equation to summarize all forces in the world Energy = mass* speed2 (e=mc2) equation states that the faster you move, the heavier you get, implying mass is energy. String theory may be one of the candidate of theory of everything. Q: Prof. Kaku mentioned many inventions that can be traced to physicists. Which one is NOT mentioned? A. MRI scan B. Computer C. Explosives D. Internet E. World Wide Web Answer: C Q: What was Einstein’s unsolved problem when he died? A. Quantum gravitation B. General relativity C. Cosmology D. String theory E. Unified field theory Answer: E Q: What phenomena does E = mc2 explain? {Multiple-choice} A. Why does the galaxy light up? B. Why can things be invisible? C. Why do the stars shine? D. Why do we have energy on Earth? Answer: A,C,D Q: According to Prof. Kaku, the history of physics is the history of: A. Physicists B. Inventions C. University education D. Modern civilization E. Academic research Answer: D Q: How did Aristotle explain why an object moves toward the earth? A. Because of gravity

B. Because it has mass C. Because it wants to be united with the earth D. Because it is heavy E. Because it gets tired Answer: C (Aristotle said objects slow down because they are tired) Q: What is the key question that Newton asked? A. Why does an apple fall? B. Does the law dictating an apple’s fall also dictate the motion of the Moon? C. Why does a moving object stop? D. How to calculate the motion of the comets? E. What is gravity? Answer: B Q: At around the age of 23, Newton {Multiple-choice} A. formulated Newton’s 1st law B. invented calculus C. invented the telescope D. discovered the force of gravity E. discovered sunlight has different colors Answer: B, D (he invented calculus to calculate motion of falling moon, invented reflected telescope only not telescope, discovered the force of gravity. In later years, he wrote Principa which states the law of motion and law of universal gravitation) Q: Newton’s three laws of motion are {Multiple-choice} A. Law of gravitation B. Object in motion stays in motion unless acted on by outside force C. Law of friction D. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction E. Force is mass times acceleration Answer: B(1st),E(2nd), D(3rd) Q: What is Faraday’s law about? A. A moving electric field creates a magnetic field B. A metal cage protects you from lightning C. Light is an electromagnetic wave D. A moving wire in a magnetic field generates electric current E. Nuclear power Answer: D Q: Maxwell discovered {Multiple-choice} A. Maxwell’s equations B. Where there is electricity, there is prosperity C. Light is an electromagnetic wave D. Internet E. A metal cage protects you from lightning Answer: A,C (Among the 4 Maxwell’s Equations, Maxwell’s contribution is only making modification to one of the equations. Maxwell calculated the velocity of the electromagnetic wave à light) Q: The Sun has been burning for billions of years because A. It contains a huge amount of coal B. Nuclear forces C. It moves fast D. It contains antimatter Answer: B

Q: What happens when matter meets antimatter? A. Glued together B. Bounced back C. Form a new type of matter D. Circulate each other E. Release energy Answer: E Q: The Theory of Everything is NOT about A. To be tested in the biggest machine physicists ever built – the Large Hadron Collider B. To unify all four forces in one C. To explain the origin of life D. To explain the big bang E. String theory Answer: C Q: The type of matter we (human beings) are made of constitutes ____ of the universe. A. 73% B. 23% C. 4% D. 0.03% E. 0.001% Answer: D (73% dark energy, 23% dark matter, 4% stars, 0.03% human beings) Q: Which of the following scale best describes the size of an atom? A. 100m B. 10m C. 1m D. 10-5m E. 10-10m Answer: E...