Physiological Psy PSB 4002 lecture notes 1 PDF

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Professor Goodridge - Physiological Psy PSB 4002 lecture notes 1 ...

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"Transporter" proteins transport neurotransmitters ____. Back into the presynaptic neuron

Autoreceptors monitor the ____. Amount of neurotransmitter released

In addition to influencing other neurons, ____ increases blood flow to a specific area of the brain. Nitric Oxide

Although slower than an action potential, synaptic transmission is still relatively fast because ____. The synaptic cleft is very narrow

Avoiding foods with lecithin, such as eggs and peanuts, would affect the levels of which neurotransmitter the most? Acetylcholine

Vesicles are located ____. In presynaptic terminals

Many neurons release neuropeptides mostly from the ____. Dendrites

The catecholamines include ____. Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine

Neuropeptides are synthesized in the ____. Cell body

Which category of chemicals includes adenosine and several of its derivatives? Purines

COMT and MAO are ____. Enzymes that convert catecholamines into inactive chemicals

Receptor molecules for neurotransmitters that exert metabotropic effects are proteins that bind to ____ outside the membrane, and attach to ____ inside the membrane. Neurotransmitters; G-proteins

"Second messengers" carry their messages to ____. Areas within the postsynaptic cell

Activation of autoreceptors tends to ____. Decrease further neurotransmitter release

Ionotropic effects are characterized by ____. Rapid and short-lived effects

The effect of a neurotransmitter on a postsynaptic neuron is determined by the ____. Receptors on the postsynaptic membrane

In general, a single neuron releases ____ neurotransmitter(s) and can respond to ____ neurotransmitter(s). Several; many

What is the synaptic cleft? The gap between the presynaptic neuron and the postsynaptic neuron

Glutamate opens sodium gates, enabling sodium ions to enter the postsynaptic cell. What type of effect is this? Ionotropic

What is the function of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase? It breaks acetylcholine down into components for recycling.

A receptor can directly open a channel and thereby exert a(n) ____ effect, or it can produce slower but longer ____ effects. Ionotropic; metabotropic

Autoreceptors monitor the ____. Amount of neurotransmitter released

A drug that inhibits the action of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase will have the effect of ____. Prolonging the action of acetylcholine at its synapses

Module 3.1 *

The medulla is considered part of the brain rather than the spinal cord because it ____. Is contained in the skull

A group of forebrain structures is important for motivated and emotional behavior. What term refers to this group of structures? Limbic system

Which part of the nervous system prepares the body for "fight or flight" activities? Sympathetic

Breathing, heart rate, vomiting, salivation, coughing, and sneezing are all controlled by which structure? Medulla

Which plane shows brain structures as they would be seen from above? Horizontal

Superior colliculus is to ____ as inferior colliculus is to ____. Vision; hearing

As axons from the spinal cord enter the skull, which structure do they enter? Medulla

The central nervous system is composed of the ____. Brain and spinal cord

In which area of the brain would one find the tectum, tegmentum, superior and inferior colliculi, and substantia nigra? Midbrain

The medulla controls a number of reflexes through ____. Cranial nerves

One function of the thalamus is to ____. Relay sensory information to the cerebral cortex

The sweat glands, adrenal glands, and muscles that constrict blood vessels have input from only the ____ nervous system. Sympathetic

Which division of the nervous system consists of neurons that deliver messages from the sensory organs to the central nervous system? Somatic

Research indicates that the behavioral effects of the cerebellum may be due to its role in ____. Focusing attention and organizing sensory inputs

What structure is composed of the medulla, pons, the midbrain, and certain central structures of the forebrain? Brain stem

Which plane shows brain structures as they would be seen from the front? Coronal...