PSY 1150 ch 1 sample tst 2 PDF

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PSY 1150 ch 1 sample tst 2 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____

1. The major perspective in psychology that views behavior as directed by often hidden forces within one's personality is the a. cognitive view. b. humanistic view. c. psychodynamic view. d. biopsychological view.

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2. Dr. Maxwell is conducting research to determine how a person's subjective well-being is affected by his or her goals, choices, values, emotions, and personality. Dr. Maxwell's research would fit under which psychological approach? a. behaviorism b. psychodynamic theory c. positive psychology d. Gestalt principles of perception

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3. Taking your clients' cultural beliefs and values into account when making diagnoses and before beginning therapy illustrates the importance of a. ethnocentrism. b. cultural assimilation. c. cultural relativity. d. social accommodation.

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4. Rules that define acceptable and expected behavior for members of various groups are called a. social norms. b. cultural laws. c. universal norms. d. cultural relational behaviors.

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5. Psychologists who specialize in treatment of human emotional problems are called ____ psychologists. a. psychiatric or neurob. personality or developmental c. clinical or counseling d. comparative

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6. Amy holds a doctorate in psychology. She has recently been hired by a prominent teaching hospital to conduct research into finding the best therapeutic techniques for patients suffering from acute psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia. Amy is most likely a a. psychiatric social worker. b. counseling psychologist. c. clinical psychologist. d. psychoanalyst.

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7. The ____ degree meets the general requirements of a clinical psychologist and emphasizes practical clinical skills rather than research. a. Psy.D. b. Ph.D. c. Ed.D.

d. M.A. ____

8. Aaron earned a Psy.D. This means that he will most likely be a. employed by a university as a psychological researcher and professor. b. conducting therapy at a community mental health clinic. c. prescribing medication to severely disturbed patients. d. visiting in patients' homes to evaluate family and living conditions.

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9. Rosetta's family has a history of emotional problems related to hormonal disturbances. For some time now, Rosetta has been deeply depressed. She should probably seek the aid of a a. counseling psychologist. b. psychiatrist. c. psychoanalyst. d. clinical psychologist.

____ 10. Which of the following pairs of states now allows psychologists to legally prescribe drugs? a. California and New York b. Florida and West Virginia c. New Mexico and Louisiana d. Mississippi and Illinois ____ 11. Those who label themselves as "basic researchers" a. seek information for which immediate uses are planned. b. probably are involved in directly counseling patients in a clinic. c. are applying psychological skills in a job situation. d. seek knowledge for its own sake. ____ 12. Basic research is BEST defined as research done a. to find solutions to specific problems. b. to seek knowledge for its own sake. c. to improve the students' abilities in reading and math. d. with lower animals to avoid ethical issues. ____ 13. Juanita is conducting research to find which light and sound intensity levels are best used in helping to calm drug-addicted newborns. Her research would be considered a. applied research. b. basic research. c. comparative research. d. psychodynamic research. ____ 14. A(n)____ is any condition that can change and that might affect the outcome of the experiment. a. variable b. mediator c. stimulus d. experimental behavior ____ 15. The experimenter usually sets the value of a. the independent variable. b. the effect variables. c. the dependent variables. d. all of the variables in the experiment. ____ 16. The dependent variable is the one that is

a. b. c. d.

manipulated. prevented from affecting the outcome of the experiment. revealed by measures of performance. also called the treatment.

____ 17. ____ variables are conditions that a researcher wishes to prevent from affecting the outcome of the experiment. a. Independent b. Dependent c. Extraneous d. Control ____ 18. In an experiment to find out if taking vitamins increases IQ scores, the IQ scores would be a. the independent variable. b. a control variable. c. an extraneous variable. d. the dependent variable. ____ 19. In an experiment to study the effects of study skills training on academic achievement, the study skills training would be a. the dependent variable. b. an extraneous variable. c. the control variable. d. the independent variable. ____ 20. The chief function of the control group in an experiment is that it a. allows mathematical relationships to be established. b. provides a point of reference against which the behavior of the experimental group can be compared. c. balances the experiment to eliminate dependent variable effects. d. establishes a correlational effect. ____ 21. Which type of variable is measured in both the experimental and control groups of an experiment? a. the dependent variable b. the independent variable c. mediating variables d. the control variable ____ 22. Random assignment of subjects to groups in an experiment is used to reduce the effects of a. the independent variable. b. the dependent variable. c. experimenter bias. d. extraneous variables. ____ 23. A researcher is testing the effectiveness of a new math program. The extraneous variables, such as temperature and lighting, will best be controlled by a. randomly assigning students to rooms of varying temperature and light intensity. b. randomly selecting the rooms in which the students will be taught. c. making the temperature and the amount of light the same for all the rooms. d. letting the students select the room temperature and lighting in which they are most comfortable. ____ 24. Which of the following presents an ethical problem in behavioral research?

a. b. c. d.

deception self-fulfilling prophecies the placebo effect the correlation/causation problem

____ 25. After a person takes a placebo, a. there is a reduction in brain activity linked with pain. b. the perceived effect has been shown to be imaginary. c. there is usually only a small, insignificant effect for most people. d. there is initially an increase in pain, followed by relief. ____ 26. You wake up in the middle of the night with a splitting headache. Blearily, you stumble to the medicine cabinet and feel for the bottle of aspirin. Taking one, you return to bed, and you find that after 20 minutes of tossing and turning, your headache dissipates enough to enable you to sleep. When you wake up and look in the bathroom, you discover that you actually took a vitamin E pill instead of aspirin. You realize that your headache went away during the night due to the a. biological properties of vitamin E. b. placebo effect. c. Barnum effect. d. release of norepinephrine accompanying the ingestion of vitamin E. ____ 27. The observation that an experimenter's expectations can have an influence on the outcome of the experiment is called a. experimenter bias. b. the field experiment effect. c. the experimenter effect. d. the dependent variable. ____ 28. An example of the "experimenter effect" would be a situation in which the experimenter a. acts out the proper behavior for the subjects. b. deceives the subject as to the real purpose of the experiment. c. unknowingly hints to subjects what is expected of them. d. does all of these. ____ 29. The phenomenon in which a prediction prompts people to act in ways that make the prediction come true is known as a. the experimenter effect. b. the prediction effect. c. a self-fulfilling prophecy. d. the placebo effect. ____ 30. A teacher believes that one group of children is very bright and that a second group is below average in ability. Actually, the groups are identical, but the first group progresses more rapidly than the second. This demonstrates a. the self-fulfilling prophecy. b. the placebo effect in a natural experiment. c. observer bias in naturalistic observation. d. the ethical problems of field experiments. ____ 31. An experiment in which neither the subjects nor the experimenters who interact with the subjects know who is receiving a drug or a placebo is called a ____ experiment. a. single-blind b. random control

c. placebo-blind d. double-blind ____ 32. A double-blind experiment would most likely be used to a. minimize the experimenter effect. b. minimize the failure of random assignment. c. add needed control when groups cannot be randomly selected. d. increase the self-fulfilling prophecy. ____ 33. Psychologists who want to study behavior as it unfolds in natural settings use a technique called a. the clinical method. b. correlational studies. c. the survey method. d. naturalistic observation. ____ 34. The findings from naturalistic observations allow us to a. describe behavior. b. predict behavior. c. explain behavior. d. do all of these. ____ 35. Concealing the observer or using hidden cameras can be used to minimize the a. observer bias effect. b. double-blind effect. c. observer effect. d. effects of extraneous correlations. ____ 36. A researcher observing children and recording only those details that match his expectations would be a. exhibiting the observer effect. b. exhibiting the observer bias. c. conducting a scientific survey. d. conducting a case study. ____ 37. Teachers in one study were told to watch normal elementary school children who had been labeled for the study as "learning disabled," "intellectually disabled," "emotionally disturbed," or "normal." Sadly, the teachers gave the children very different ratings, depending on the labels used. This illustrates the serious consequences of a. the observer effect. b. the observer bias. c. conducting a scientific survey. d. conducting a case study. ____ 38. One who praises a dog for its loyalty and devotion to its master is committing a(n) a. deductive-inductive confusion. b. scientific generalization. c. the Barnum effect. d. anthropomorphic error. ____ 39. If a correlational relationship is perfect, the coefficient would a. be zero. b. be a +1.00 or a 1.00. c. always be a negative correlation. d. always be a positive correlation.

____ 40. Which of the following coefficients of correlation indicates the WEAKEST relationship between two sets of variables? a. 0.08 b. 0.29 c. 0.48 d. 1.00 ____ 41. A correlation coefficient of 1.36 would be a. impossible. b. a sign that the two variables are positively related. c. a sign that the two variables are negatively related. d. a sign that the two variables are not related. ____ 42. A researcher studying sleep deprivation finds that as the amount of sleep decreases, there is a proportional decrease in one's immune system. This illustrates a a. positive correlation. b. negative correlation. c. zero correlation. d. dependent correlation. ____ 43. As gas prices increase we see a decline in the number of travelers on the highway. This is an example of ____ correlation. a. negative b. positive c. perfect d. zero ____ 44. Income and crime within one's neighborhood have a negative correlation. We can say that a. increased crime causes income to decrease. b. increased income causes crime to decrease. c. as income increases, neighborhood crime decreases. d. as income increases, neighborhood crime increases. ____ 45. Abdul is listening to a radio talk show and hears the announcer talk about "a high correlation between crime and poverty." The announcer concludes that since there was a high correlation, poverty must cause crime. Abdul is taking psychology and is skeptical of what he just heard. He knows that a. correlation does not indicate causation. b. to properly evaluate the statement, he needs to know the magnitude of the correlation. c. poverty and crime rates are difficult to measure. d. the research indicates that crime causes poverty and not vice versa. ____ 46. One of the disadvantages of the correlational method is that a. correlations may be weak. b. correlations may be negative or zero. c. it can only be used in laboratory settings. d. the relationships observed between variables may be caused by some unknown third factor. ____ 47. An in-depth focus on a single individual best describes the a. single-blind experiment. b. double-blind experiment. c. correlational method.

d. case study. ____ 48. In-depth studies of Phineas Gage, Michael Melnick, and each of the Genaine sisters are examples of a. correlational studies. b. field experiments. c. case studies. d. surveys. ____ 49. The use of public polling techniques to answer psychological questions describes the a. clinical method. b. case study method. c. survey method. d. experimental design method. ____ 50. Meridian Community College has a total of 4,000 students. One hundred of these students are surveyed about the programs offered at the college. All of the students at the college would be the a. population. b. sample. c. control group. d. independent group.

PSY 1150 ch 1 sample tst 2 Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: OBJ: 2. ANS: OBJ: 3. ANS: OBJ: 4. ANS: OBJ: 5. ANS: OBJ: 6. ANS: OBJ: 7. ANS: OBJ: 8. ANS: OBJ: 9. ANS: OBJ: 10. ANS: OBJ: 11. ANS: OBJ: 12. ANS: OBJ: 13. ANS: OBJ: 14. ANS: OBJ: 15. ANS: OBJ: 16. ANS: OBJ: 17. ANS: OBJ: 18. ANS: OBJ: 19. ANS: OBJ: 20. ANS: OBJ: 21. ANS: OBJ: 22. ANS:

C 1.10 C 1.10 C 1.10 A 1.10 C 1.11 C 1.11 A 1.11 B 1.11 B 1.11 C 1.11 D 1.11 B 1.11 A 1.11 A 1.12 A 1.12 C 1.12 C 1.12 D 1.12 D 1.12 B 1.12 A 1.12 D

PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: KEY: PTS: KEY: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: KEY: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS:

1 Fact 1 Application 1 Concept 1 Fact 1 Fact 1 Application 1 Fact 1 Application 1 New 1 New 1 Fact 1 Fact 1 Application 1 New 1 Fact 1 Fact 1 Fact 1 Application 1 Application 1 Fact 1 Fact 1

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 32-33 | Table 1.3

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 33

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 34

DIF: Easy

REF: p. 34

DIF: Easy

REF: p. 36

DIF: Difficult

REF: p. 36

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 36

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 36

DIF: MSC: DIF: MSC: DIF:

REF: p. 36

Moderate Application Moderate Fact Difficult

REF: p. 36 REF: p. 38

DIF: Difficult

REF: p. 38

DIF: Difficult

REF: p. 38

DIF: Moderate MSC: Fact DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 41

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 41

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 41

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 41

DIF: Difficult

REF: p. 41

DIF: Difficult

REF: p. 42

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 41-42

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 42

REF: p. 41

OBJ: 23. ANS: OBJ: 24. ANS: OBJ: 25. ANS: OBJ: 26. ANS: OBJ: 27. ANS: OBJ: 28. ANS: OBJ: 29. ANS: OBJ: 30. ANS: OBJ: 31. ANS: OBJ: 32. ANS: OBJ: 33. ANS: OBJ: 34. ANS: OBJ: 35. ANS: OBJ: 36. ANS: OBJ: 37. ANS: OBJ: 38. ANS: OBJ: 39. ANS: OBJ: 40. ANS: OBJ: 41. ANS: OBJ: 42. ANS: OBJ: 43. ANS: OBJ: 44. ANS: OBJ: 45. ANS: OBJ: 46. ANS: OBJ:

1.12 C 1.12 A 1.13 A 1.14 B 1.14 C 1.14 C 1.14 C 1.14 A 1.14 D 1.14 A 1.14 D 1.15 A 1.16 C 1.16 B 1.16 B 1.16 D 1.16 B 1.17 A 1.17 A 1.17 A 1.17 A 1.17 C 1.17 A 1.17 D 1.17

MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: KEY: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: KEY: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: KEY: PTS: KEY: PTS: MSC: PTS: KEY: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC: PTS: MSC:

Concept 1 Application 1 Concept 1 New 1 Application 1 Fact 1 Concept 1 Fact 1 Application 1 Fact 1 Concept 1 New 1 Concept 1 Concept 1 New 1 New 1 Application 1 New 1 Application 1 Concept 1 Application 1 Application 1 Concept 1 Application 1 Concept

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 42

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 43

DIF: Moderate MSC: Fact DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 43-44 REF: p. 43

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 44

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 44

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 44

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 44

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 44

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 44

DIF: Easy MSC: Fact DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 46

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 46

DIF: MSC: DIF: MSC: DIF:

REF: p. 46

Difficult Application Difficult Application Moderate

REF: p. 46

REF: p. 46 REF: p. 47

DIF: Moderate MSC: Fact DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 47

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 47

DIF: Difficult

REF: p. 48

DIF: Difficult

REF: p. 48

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 48

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 48

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 48

REF: p. 47

47. ANS: OBJ: 48. ANS: OBJ: 49. ANS: OBJ: 50. ANS: OBJ:

D 1.18 C 1.18 C 1.19 A 1.19

PTS: MSC: PTS: KEY: PTS: KEY: PTS: MSC:

1 Fact 1 New 1 New 1 Application

DIF: Moderate

REF: p. 48

DIF: MSC: DIF: MSC: DIF:

REF: p. 49

Moderate Concept Moderate Fact Moderate

REF: p. 49 REF: p. 49...