Psych 311 Final Exam Flashcards Quizlet PDF

Title Psych 311 Final Exam Flashcards Quizlet
Course Introduction to Experimental Psychology
Institution California State University San Bernardino
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Psych 311 Final Exam Terms in this set (37) 2 types of External Validity:

Advantages of matching subjects design?

Advantages of parametric tests over

Population and Ecological validity

Control group and experimental group.

Robustness: T-test and ANOVA. Flexible and Power

nonparametric tests?

By lower the significance level and run

Reduce Type One (I) Error

conservative test you can ___________________.

Conduct a normal curve test, Conduct a one-

Bad ways of Gaining Power

tailed test, and Raise your significance level are ___________________________?

Ecological Validity

An experimental design in which the subjects

Generalization from the Lab to the real world.

Matched-Group Design.

are paired (or matched) on some characteristics is a _____________________.

External validity

Factorial design?

Failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is

The results of the experiment generalize beyond the Lab. to the real world.

Is every combination of the levels of IV-Independent variables that are use in the experiment.

Type Two (II) Error

actually false is a ______________

How can we reduce type one (I) error and

Psych 311 Final Exam

By lower the significance level from .05 to .01 and run conservative test.

No Interaction: parallel lines. Interaction: unequal distances between the lines. How can we understand interactions graphically?

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How to control subject and experimenter

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Use a double-blind technique.

biases? How they influence an experiment?

How type I error and type II error relate?

If the data does not justifies a parametric test

If Type II error is lowered, than type I error would increase.

Nonparametric Test

and/or If there are assumptions behind parametric tests are strongly violated a researcher might use a ___________________.

Increase Sample size, control extraneous

Good ways of Gaining Power

variables, use a within-subjects, and a wide range of levels for your Independent Variable is known as ___________________.

Increase sample size, Within subject design,

A good ways of increasing the power of an experiment without increasing

Control for extraneous variables, Wide range

Type One (I) Error.

of levels for the IV, Rising it from .01 to .05 would be okay is ____________________________.

Internal validity

The results of the experiment are really to due the Independent Variable and not to any confounds.

1) Constant treatment of subjects. 2) Reduce extreme scores. Methods to reduce variable errors?

3) Increase sample size 4) Within-group variable 5) Within subject desing

Psych 311 Final Exam

A Normal curve test, A one-tailed test, and

Bad ways of Increasing Power.

Raising significance level are __________________________.

Parametric and Nonparametric test?

Population Validity

Parametric test: t-test and ANOVA test Nonparametric test: X 2 Chi-square

Generalization from the sample to the population.

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Quasi-experimental design:

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is

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Is use out of lab settings.

Type One (I) Error

actually true is known as a _________________.

Significant interaction between 2 independent

One independent variable IV -(levels) influence the dependent variable

variables?

DV.

Systematic Error or confound variable?

Variable Error?

The results are not from the IV. Could lead to Type I error.

Not significant results, could lead to Type II error.

1) Increase your sample size What are 4 ways to Gain Power?

2) Control extraneous Variables 3) Use a Within-Subjects 4) Use a wide range of levels for you Independent Variable

1) Conduct a normal curve test instead of a t-test What are Bad Ways of Gaining Power?

2) Conduct a one-tailed test 3) Raise your significance level

What are some of the common confounds when you don't control the order?

• Carry over effects • Maturation: get better across the practice • Mortality effects: when people drop on experiment.

• Increase sample size What are the good ways of increasing the

• Use a within subject design

power of an experiment without increasing

• Control extraneous variables

Type One (I) Error?

• Wide range of levels for the IV • Rising it from .01 to .05.

Psych 311 Final Exam

An experimental design in which the subjects are paired (or matched) on What is a matched-group design?

some degree of similarity.

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What is the relation between significance level

The higher the significance level, the more powerful the experiment and

and power?

Vice Versa.

What is Type One (Type I) Error? Alpha level

Is rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true.

What is Type Two (Type II) Error? Beta Level

Is failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is actually false. (not

(1-B)

significant results)

When to use nonparametric test to analyze data instead of a parametric test?

If they don't think that their data justifies a parametric test. and/or If the assumptions of parametric tests violations.

Depends on levels of measurement. Which statistical test to use for ratio data?

Design of the experiment: # of IV's, DV, and levels of each. 1 IV and 2 levels: t-test (compare 2 groups) 3 IV and 3 or more levels: Analysis of Variance- ANOVA...


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