Q - questions and answers of PSYC 1002 quizes PDF

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questions and answers of PSYC 1002 quizes ...

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1.Source monitoring errors are thought to be a primary cause of most if not all cases of false memory construction 2. In an experiment, memory researchers tried to convince subjects that at age 5 they had been lost in a specific place and had been comforted by an elderly lady. This had actually never happened to them. The results were that __only about 25% __ of the subjects later reported this as if it were an actual memory. 3. Consider the results of Frederick Bartlett's research on culture-specific schemas. If you asked subjects of one culture to listen to a folktale from another culture and then retell it from memory a few days later, you should expect that they would remember some of the details and: unconsciously replace the details they forgot with details that are culturally more familiar to them. 4. When Emma attends a birthday party, she expects that people will give presents, sing Happy Birthday; and put candles on a cake. Her idea of what she expects to happen at this event is known as: a script 5. James recently moved to Sydney from Melbourne to study psychology. He was surprised to find how rude and selfish Sydney-siders are, and how bad the pollution and traffic is. This scene was contradictory to his __ schema____ of a typical Australian city as consisting of friendly people and plenty of space. 6. What does hypnosis tend to do to a person's memory? People become more confident about distorted or incorrect memories 7. Rebuttals have been made to the claim that there is an "epidemic of false memories of childhood sexual abuse being implanted in clients by therapists". These do NOT include : The content of the memories retrieved is often filled with details and features that clients would never have seen or even considered before. 8. In the class experiment concerning 'Ants and Jelly', the mean confidence of subjects recognizing the "FOURS" sentences was expected to be the highest, and usually was (although not in all tutorials). What is most surprising about this finding is: every single sentence actually read out had fewer than four propositions 9. In the class experiment concerning 'Ants and Jelly', it was predicted (and it was almost always found) that subjects correctly and confidently stated that they had not heard sentences in the "noncases" condition. This is most likely because: the meaning of noncase sentences conflicted with the meaning implied by the propositions which were read out 10. In the class experiment concerning 'Ants and Jelly', the findings suggested: a link between the number of propositions a sentence contained and recognition confidence

lesions:

a. Lesioning involves disabling a specific brain structure. b. Behavioural changes following a lesion allow researchers to infer that the removed structure is important for that behaviour. c. Lesioning involves burning a specific region of brain tissue with an electric current. d. Lesioning the lateral region of the hypothalamus leads decreased appetite in rat e. Lesioning studies are more common in animals than humans.

-Some chemicals oppose the actions of neurotransmitters and are called Antagonists, whereas other chemicals mimic the actions of neurotransmitters and are called Agonists What is the motor homunculus? Question

Selected Match

PET (positron emission tomography)

D. radioactive chemicals show blood flow and metabolism

EEG (electro-encephalogram)

C. electrodes attached to the scalp

CT (computerized tomography)

E. shows the structure of the brain only

fMRI (magnetic resonance imaging)

A. gives high resolution 3D images of the brain

TMS (transcranial magnetic stimulation)

B. brain areas are actively stimulated or lesioned

-The amygdala is the least involved in the control of movement.

-Psychophysics is the study of the relationship between physical stimuli and psychological experience

-Perceptual processes provide reasonably accurate descriptions of the physical environment. -The photoreceptors known as cones are responsible for high acuity, colour vision and are most concentrated in the fovea.

Question

Selected Match

the minimum stimulus intensity that an organism can detect

absolute threshold

the process by which sense organs gather information about the environment and transmit it to the brain

sensation

the tendency of sensory systems to respond less to stimuli that continue without change

sensory adaptation

the smallest difference in stimulus intensity that a specific sense can detect

just noticeable difference

the study of how physical stimuli are translated into psychological psychophysics experience the selection, organisation and interpretation of sensory input

perception

-The process where sense organs gather information and transmit this information to the brain for initial processing is referred to as sensation and the process by which the brain organises and interprets this information is referred to as perception.

Cafe wall illusion

Effects of irradiation

Checker shadow illusion

Mis-perception of colour

Ponzo illusion (cigarette length)

Effect of linear perspective

-Negative afterimage illusions are probably the result of Opponent Process Theory 1.What were the reasons offered in the video for the higher academic achievement of students with an Asian or East Asian Background? -Time outside normal teaching hours is occupied by study groups

-A ‘Confucian’ culture places high value on academic achievement -Asians and East Asians work hard at academic tasks 2.What does Professor Richard Lynn cite as evidence for the claim that IQs are genetically determined: The IQs of ‘Sub-Saharan’ immigrants to Europe and North America rise over several generations, but never to the same level as ‘Europeans’. 3. IQ test scores have been found to be rising by around 3 points per decade for some time. This is known as the Flynn effect. 4.James Flynn, the famous New Zealand psychologist, believes that IQ tests measure our: Adaptation to the modern world 5.James Flynn believes that the IQ ‘gap’ is closing because: African American’s IQs have been rising 50% faster than for other groups

Refers to the measurement consistency of a test

Reliability

Refers to the ability of a test to measure what it was designed to measure

Validity

Correlation between scores on the same test at different times

Test-retest reliability

The degree to which a test score predicts a score on another relevant criterion measure.

Predictive validity

The degree to which a construct is independent of other psychological constructs.

Discriminant Validity

7.The primary concern of the University of Sydney's Animal Ethics Committee (AEC) is to ensure that: animal suffering is minimised in experimental procedures and is outweighed by the likely benefit of the research. Answer Feedback:

Correct: Ethical decisions regarding research, for both human and animal subjects, are made from a relativist standpoint, so this is the correct response. There is no absolute prohibition on the infliction of pain and

suffering in animal subjects; human and animal subjects are not regarded as having exactly the same ethical rights; species and procedures used are not of direct concern to the ethics of a research proposal - only the amount of suffering that the proposed species is likely to experience as a result of the proposed procedure, in comparison to the predicted benefits of the research.

Alan's performance at work has suffered because he has been drinking alcohol to excess. Several co-workers have suggested that he seek help for

dysfunctional

his problem, but he thinks that they're getting alarmed over nothing. "I just enjoy a good time once in a while," he says. Boris believes that he's Napoleon reborn. He believes that he is destined to deviance lead the U.S. military forces into a great battle to recover California from space aliens. Monica has gone away to university and feels lonely, sad, and dejected. Her grades are fine and she gets along okay with the other students in the dormitory, but inside she's choked with gloom, hopelessness and despair.

distress

Which of the following are considered somatic symptoms of depression? (you need to select all that apply and none that do not apply) Lack of energy Sleep difficulties Loss of appetite

Which of the following statements about anxiety disorders is false? Selected Answer:

There is always a link between the development of an anxiety disorder and a traum...