Quizlet - Consist module 1 to module 4 MCQs format(theory) PDF

Preview

Summary

Consist module 1 to module 4 MCQs format(theory)...

Description

CV3014 TransportationEngg Quiz1 Study online at quizlet.com/_7aiac7 1.

2.

3.

4-step procedures in transportation planning procedure...

Alignment problems...

1.trip generation forecast no.trip will be made(travel decision) 2.trip distribution determine where trip go (destination choice) 3.modal usage(mode choice) for travel 4.trip assignment (predict routes that trip will be taken) -cross section -vertical alignment -horizontal alignment

Alignment problems...cross -cross slope to facilitate section drainage of water from road surface Alignment problems...vertical alignment

-uphill operating speed varies with slope gradient & slope length -design based of operationg speed & construction cost (eg:cut & fill -min. 0.55 grade for drainage

5.

Approaches for constructing surveys...

-revealed preference surveys (capture actual choices or responses) (eg: compare now and before)

6.

Approaches for constructing surveys...

-longitudinal data collection (measurements made on same sample at different time point)

4.

14.

Cross classification

-shows trip rates associated with household types,population etc(greater estimation -categories household for trip analysis

15.

Customer's level of servicees affected by...

-Travel time -Price -Frequency -Comfort -Travel time reliability

16.

Density...

-no. vehicles occupy a given length of road

17.

Design documents...

3 types -Plans (drawings of the components) -Specifications (written instrcutions) -Estimates (cost estimates & other evaluations)

18.

Design process...

-gather information & decision making -seek most optimal solution -proposed various alternative

19.

Design process...

-Planning -Traffic design -Location -Physical design -Construction

20.

Design process...

Criteria :transportation facilities should be -safe & economical -environmental friendly -fulfill interests of diverse users -regulated by laws,regulations & policies

21.

Design speed...

-maximum safe speed that can be maintained over a specified section of highway such as when driving under free flow situation in good weather condition

7.

Approaches for constructing surveys...

-stated preference surveys (based on approximate situation) (eg: facility not yet develope)

8.

Basic traffic flow concept...

-microscopic (average behaviour) -macroscopic(individual behaviour)

22.

Design speed...

Ideal condition: -2000pc/h capacity; 100km/h design speed -1900pc/h capacity; 80km/h design speed

23.

Design speed...

-average highway speed

24.

Design speed...

-not posted speed -speed to design the facility (eg:roads)

25.

Direct generation usage modes...

-trips generated by modes -suit for smaller urban areas (withoput major transit service)

26.

Disutility functions...

-shows generalized cost that is associated with each choice.

9.

Calibration of gravity model...

-require parameter c for computation

10.

Congested flow=v0.5vf?

No

12.

Crest vertical curve...

criterias: -sight distance (SSD) -apperance -clearance -comfort

13.

Crest vertical curve...

-adequate SSD -may require adequate PSD

-minimum standards for design elements(curve etc)

27.

"External" transportation system components...

-Government

42.

Human characteristic...

-visual & hearing abilities -reaction time -sight distance

28.

"External" transportation system components...

-Competitors in market (which improve level of service)

43.

Incremental assignment...

-Portion of O-D assigned at each iteration -Travel time updated & portion of O-D loaded onto netwrok

29.

"External" transportation system components...

-Financial community/institution

44.

-study area

30.

"External" transportation system components...

-Supply industry (spare parts etc)

Information needed for transportation planning...

45.

-urban activities

"External" transportation system components...

-Stakeholder

Information needed for transportation planning...

46.

-transportation system

32.

"External" transportation system components...

-General public (consumer etc)

Information needed for transportation planning...

33.

"External" transportation system components...

-Customer (consumer etc)

47.

Information needed for transportation planning...

-travel forecasting

34.

Flow vs density diagram...

-zero flow=zero density (since no vehicle on road) -max flow at 0.5 Kj (jam density) -zero flow=density reached jam density

48.

Information needed for transportation planning-The study area...

Fractar model...

Limitations: -cannot deal with new zone that built after the base year -convergence to target year is not always possible -model not sensitive to impedence

-define boundaries for prediction -consideration factors includes:future growth,politic decision,census area boundaries,natural boundaries -subdividing area of forecasting -zone size -zone relates to several urban activities

49.

Information needed for transportation planningTransportation system...

-transport modes availability -network geometry -zone centroids(links and nodes) -transit network

50.

Information needed for transportation planningTravel forecasting...

-sketch planning tool(min.data for estimation) -traditional tools:greater details (locations,;routes etc) -micro-analysis tools:most detailed planning tools(include most relevant infomation and data)

51.

Information needed for transportation planningUrban activities...

-activities that affect travel -activities gathered by zones -levels of activities for forecasting purpose

52.

"Internal" transportation system components...

Physical:infrastructure,fuel,vehicle,equipment,locati system

31.

35.

36.

Fractor model...

-estimate external trips

37.

Fractor model...

-growth factor model

38.

Fractor model...

Assumptions: -future trip distribution proportional to the present trip distribution -future trip ditribution modified by zone growth factor

39.

Hierarhy of roads...

-Lower traffic movement & speed = high access to property (local roads)

40.

Hierarhy of roads...

-Greater traffic movement & speed = low access to property (freeway)

41.

Horizontal alignment...

-horizontal tangents -circular curves SSD on horizontal circular curve

"Internal" transportation system components...

-Operators:labors,managment fuction,adminstration,operation research

"Internal" transportation system components...

-Operating plans:schedule.flow distribution,crew assignment,cost,level of service tradeoff

55.

Journey...

-one way movement from origin to destination

56.

Logit model...

-S shaped curve -divides travelrs among various mode of transport -better modes has greater utility -varies with the impendence:cost, time & distance

53.

54.

57.

LOS...

-LOS A:Free flow -LOS B:Stable flow -LOS C:Stable flow & significant interactions(overtaking etc) -LOS D:High density & stable flow -LOS E:Near capacity level -LOS F: forced/breakdown flow

58.

Macroscopic...

-flow (volume or rate of flow) -speed (TMS or SMS) -density

59.

Main design elements in design standards...

-design speed -sight distance

Mathematical operations on network...

-Traffic assignment -Traffic flow prediction -Meet user equilibrium

Maximum service flow...

-volume of the level of service which a freeway lane is under ideal conditions

60.

61.

62.

Microscopic...

-spot speed (instantaneous speed of each vehicle) -spacing (distance between vehicles) -headway (time between vehicles)

63.

Modal choice...

affect by: -characteristic of trip maker (household income etc) -characteristics of the trip (distance,purpose etc) -characteristics of the transport system (cost,time etc)

64.

Modal choice...

can be predicts based on -aggregate: zone info -disaggregate:individiual household info

65.

Modal choice...

-mooe of travel -estimate using mode usage analysis

66.

Noncongested flow=v0.5vf?

Yes

68.

Obejectives of transportation planning...

-provide info. for decision making on when & where improvement to be made -promote travel and development

69.

Passing sight distance PSD...

s=d1+d2+d3+d4 includes -d1: traversed distance -d2:distance travell on other lane -d3:distance between opp.vehicle & approching vehicle -d4:2/3 d2

70.

Passing sight distance PSD...

-distance required to see oncoming vehicle -sufficient distance to overtake manoeuvre vehicle in terms of speed & acceleration -only applicable to two lane road(two opp.direction) -applicable on highway (dotted line) for overtaking

71.

Peak hour factor (PHF)

-ratio of the peak hour volume to max. flow rate within peak hour

72.

Physical design standards...

Based on: -physical performance (comfort;safety) -design standards -design elements

73.

Physical design standards...

focus on performance of transportation facilities interact with -vehicular characteristic -human characteristic -facility characteristic

74.

Planning procedures...

1.Forecast target year population & econonmic growth 2.Allocation of land uses (residentail,industrial etc ) 3.Specify alternative transportation plans based on 1 &2 4.Calculate capital and required maintenance costs for the plans 5.Use calibrated demand forecasting model to predict target year equilibrium for each plans (for given land uses) 6.Convert equilibrium flow to user benefits (in terms of cost,travel time etc) 7.Compare all the plans and select the best plan based on 3.(cost)&6.(benefits)

75.

Purpose of transportation dimension-Institution...

-social ,political etc factors

76.

Purpose of transportation dimension-Systems...

-analyse supply & demand to archieve efficiency

77.

Purpose of transportation dimension-Technology...

-reduce fuel consumption & improve control system

78.

qmax...

-capacity of freeway lane

79.

Rate of curvature K value greater = gentler curve?

Yes

80.

Rate of curvature K value lower = gentler curve?

No

81.

Reaction distance...

design speed (m/s) x time of reaction (2.5s)

82.

Regression models...

Assumptions: -variables are independent -variables are normally distributed -variables are continuous

83.

Regression models...

-Trip geenarator usually is a residential land -non residential land is a good trip atraction zone

84.

Regression models...

R close to 1 or -1 :means better linear relationship between variables

85.

Road pricing...

-Area licensing system ALS

86.

Road pricing...

-Electronic road pricing ERP

87.

Road pricing...

-Vehicle taxes

88.

Road pricing...

-to discourage the use of private vehicles in CBD -funding public transport system opertation & improvement

89.

Sag vertical curve...

criterias: -sight distance (SSD) -apperance -clearance -comfort

90.

Space mean speed (SMS)

-ave. speed of all vehicles over a length of roadway

91.

Speed vs density diagram...

-no vhicles=zero density -zero density= free flow = max speed -zero speed= density reached jam density

92.

Speed vs flow diagram

-v is zero=q is zero -v is vf = q is zero -q max = 0.5 vf -congested flow=v0.5vf

93.

Standards of LTA includes...

-road elements -material and workmanship -civil design criteria -vehicle parking provision handbook -fire safety

94.

Stationing...

-show horizontal distance of a surface

95.

Stopping sight distance SSD...

-distance reuqired to observe 0.150m object -provide sufficient reaction time for driver to stop safely

96.

Stopping sight distance SSD...

comprises -reaction distance (include driver reaction time 2.5s) -braking distance

97.

Strategies to cope with transportation system, what are the listed categories...

-road pricing -technology based

98.

Superelevation...

-determine by e value -facilitate turning motion of vehicle at curve corner

99.

Superelevation...

should not be too large -it may cause slipping of slow moving vehicles -it may cause slipping of park vehicle during winter

100.

Technology based...

-smart traffic control system (ease heavy traffic lane)

101.

Technology based...

-transit management (prevent bus bunching)

102.

Technology based...

-travel information system (for user to plan travel routes)

103.

Technology based...

-GPS guidance system

104.

Technology based...

-Emergency response system( allow emergency vehicle to cross junction in green phase)

105.

Time mean speed (TMS)...

ave.spot speed observed at some points over a time period

106.

TMS < SMS?

No

107.

TMS = SMS?

No

108.

TMS > SMS?

Yes

109.

Traffic...

actual movement of vehicles or pedestrian on a facility

110.

Traffic flow theory...

shows relationship of: -flow -density -speed

111.

Transition curve...

connect tangent to circular curve allow application of superelevation

112.

Transportation characteristic...

-min.horizontal curve radius (adequate SSD)

122.

Travel surveys...

-Origin-Destination (OD) survey -Roadside interview -Cordon/screenline survey -Travel diary survey

123.

Travel surveysCordon survey...

-external-external & external-internal trips -finalise information obtained from household O-D survey -limited questions will be asked in survey

124.

Travel surveysOD survey...

-only effective from tuesday to thrusday -residential:6pm-9pm;workplace:working hours -comprises: personal characteristic and identifications,trip data,household characteristic

125.

Travel surveysOD survey...

-costy 7 difficult -provides most useful data -include origin-destination;mode choice,route assignment for short term studies -considerations includes:(survey date,day & time,survey period)

126.

Travel surveysRoadside interviews...

-only comprises information at externalexternal trip(excluding household survey data) -suits for large samples(better estimation) _origin,destination,trip purposes only

127.

Travel surveysScreenline survey...

-divide large area into large natural zones -fill mssing info & validate info from household OD & Cordon surveys

128.

Travel surveysTravel diary survey...

-great detailed information -carry out and complete during the day -ease of (transport,understand user & completetion)

129.

Trip assignment...

Assumption: -travelers always choose the shortest route travel time -travelers know the exact travel time

130.

Trip assignment...

-predict path taken by each trip

131.

Trip attraction

-destination of a trip usually end at commercial/industrial area

132.

Trip distribution...

-greater attractiveness=higher trip attracted -factors affect attractiveness of a zone:distance,impedence,disutility

133.

Trip distribution...

-Gravity model -Fractar model (growth factor model)

-max. super-elevation (facilitate turning of vehicle by side friction at corner) -max.longitudinal grade (SSD,drainage,climbing speed of vehicle) -min. cross slope (facilitate drainage) -min.length of vertical curve (SSD) -Edge radii (vehicle wheels turning radius) Transportation dimension...

-Technology -Systems -Institution

114.

Transportation Engineering...

-to enhance movement of people and goods

115.

Transportation Engineering...

-application of technology & scientific principles for transportation system

116.

Transportation Engineering...

-involve plannig;functional design; operation ;management

117.

Transportation network...

-Nodes: junctions or stations (eg:destination or starting point)

118.

Transportation network...

-Links:roads & transit

119.

Transportation system catergories...

-Private ownership (can be BOT) -Public ownership -Joint ownership suit for (either urban,intercity or international)

113.

120.

Transportation system components...

-Internal -External

121.

Travel...

-demand for transportation

134.

Trip generation...

-total no. trips generated by households in a zone

135.

Trip generation model...

Criteria: -good base year travel behaiour -stable parameter over time -varialbl...