Quizlet medical surgical Gastrointestinal questions PDF

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medical surgical nursing I Gastrointestinal nclex questions...

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med surge 5 flash cards Study online at quizlet.com/_40s43a 1.

1. A culture is obtained when a patient has a bladder infection for the purpose of: o 1. selecting the correct dose of medication.

o 4.growing and identifying causative organisms.

o 2. determining the prognosis of the disease. o 3.ruling out an infectious process. o 4.growing and identifying causative organisms. 2.

1. A female patient complains of irritability, fatigue, mood swings, and fear of losing control days before menstruation. The initial assessment suggests a nursing problem of altered coping due to cyclic hormonal changes. Which of the following instructions given by the nurse would likely promote patient coping?

2

1. "Avoid calcium-containing foods." 2. "Exercise regularly." 3. "Have occasional alcohol." 4. "Consider a sodium-rich diet." 3.

1. A patient is discharged after having a vasectomy. Which statement by the patient would indicate a need for further teaching?

2

1. "I don't want any more children." 2. "Now I can go home and have sex without fear of impregnating my wife." 3. "There is a possibility that this procedure can be reversed in the future." 4. "I should use ice packs to the scrotum after surgery to reduce swelling." 4.

1. A unilateral orchiectomy is performed on a patient who has a testicular tumor. The patient says to the LPN/LVN, "How will this affect me as a man?" The nurse's response is based on which understanding?

b

A. He will not ejaculate sperm. B. His other testis will carry on normal testicular function. C. He will need to have small supplements of testosterone. D. He will be unable to sustain an erection without some mechanical assistance. 5.

1. Changes in the vaginal pH predispose women to develop various forms of infections. Which product decreases vaginal resistance to infections? 1. Vaginal douche 2. Tampons 3. Latex condoms 4. Spermicidal agents

1

6.

1. The patient underwent a mammogram that indicated b breast lesions. A definitive diagnosis of breast malignancy is made by which procedure? A. Chest x-ray B. Biopsy of breast tissue C. Culture of breast discharge D. Manual palpation of the breast

7.

1. The thirst mechanism is located in the:

D. hypothalamus.

A. adrenal gland.

The thirst mechanism located in the hypothalamus helps control fluid balance in the body. The thirst mechanism is not located in the adrenal gland, cerebral cortex, or pituitary gland. REF: Page 433

B. cerebral cortex. C. pituitary gland. D. hypothalamus. 8.

1. When a patient has primary genital herpes, it is likely that the lesions will resolve spontaneously in which time?

b

A. 1 year B. 2 weeks C. 1 month D. 6 months 9.

1. Which route of administration results in a drug instantly being available for circulation to all tissues?

a

A. Intravenous (IV) B. Subcutaneous (SC) C. Intradermal (ID) D. Vaginal application 10.

1.You are starting an intravenous infusion with D5½NS 1; (150mL/60min= 2.5mL x 15gtts= 37.5gtts, or 38) at 150 mL/hr. If the IV tubing delivers 15 drops/mL, you would start the infusion at: o 1.37.5 or 38 gtt/min o 2.25 gtt/min o 3.31 gtt/min o 4.21 gtt/min

11.

1. Young, immature polymorphonuclear neutrophils are called:

C. granulocytes.

A. leukocytes. B. segs. C. granulocytes. D. bands. 12.

2. A 22-year-old man complains of sudden acute scrotal pain. Initial examination reveals absence of the cremasteric reflex. Doppler ultrasound reveals a diminished blood flow. This condition would most likely be:

2

1. varicocele. 2. testicular torsion. 3. hydrocele. 4. priapism. 13.

2. A mother brings her 12-year-old daughter in for an annual checkup. The nurse recommends administration of one of the HPV vaccines. The mother replies, "My daughter does not need the vaccine because she is not sexually active." What is the best response?

2

1. "Perhaps you can bring her back when she becomes sexually active." 2. "Regardless of your daughter's sexual activity now, studies have shown that the earlier the vaccine is given, the more effective it is. When she does become sexually active, the vaccine will be protecting her." 3. "If you wait until your daughter is sexually active it will be too late. How will you know?" 4. "It's your choice." 14.

2. A nurse is concerned about a for a patient with a liver disorder?

n a patient. What laboratory test would be appropriate to obtain

E. Bilirubin

F. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) G. Creatinine H. Creatinine kinase (CK) 15.

2. A pregnant woman is concerned because she has genital herpes. This is a primary infection. The patient is at risk for which delivery? E. A post-term delivery F. A spontaneous abortion G. Delivery of a small, full-term baby H. Delivery of a large, full-term infant

f

16.

2. Mannitol is given to reduce cerebral edema in patients with a head injury because the osmotic pressure draws water out of the cells. What type of solution is mannitol?

g

E. Isotonic F. Hypotonic G. Hypertonic H. Eutonic 17.

2.The elderly individual is at greater risk for dehydration than the middle-aged adult because: (Select all that apply.)

1,4

o 1.the elderly have a diminished sense of thirst. o 2.the elderly have less muscle mass as years advance. o 3.the elderly person's body is almost 80% water. o 4.compensatory mechanisms work less efficiently. 18.

2.The sensitivity part of a culture and sensitivity test is for the purpose of: o 1.identifying the causative organism of the infection.

o 3.testing anti-infective medications to see which ones are most effective against the causative organism.

o 2.determining which medications are ineffective against the causative organism. o 3.testing anti-infective medications to see which ones are most effective against the causative organism. o 4.growing colonies of the causative organism on a culture medium. 19.

2. When a male patient has nonspecific urethritis, which symptom is he likely to g have? E. Scrotal pain F. Scrotal swelling G. Painful urination H. Frequent, uncontrolled ejaculations

20.

2. When a patient finds a lump in her breast, which question is essential for the h LPN/LVN to ask because it is an early indication of breast cancer? E. "Do you have any pain?" F. "Did you breast-feed your children?" G. "Are you having menstrual irregularity?" H. "Do you notice any dimpling of the breast?"

21.

2. Which of the following nursing interventions would help relieve symptoms of dysmenorrhea? (Select all that apply.)

1,3,4,5

1. Pelvic rocking exercises 2. Cold compresses 3. Effleurage 4. Low-fat diet 5. NSAIDs 22.

2. Which transport mechanism involves cellular energy?

G. Active transport

E. Diffusion F. Osmosis G. Active transport H. Filtration 23.

3. A 25-year-old African American man was hospitalized for a prolonged penile erection unrelated to sexual desire or activity. A likely cause would be:

2

1. diabetes mellitus. 2. sickle cell disease. 3. hemophilia. 4. urinary infection. 24.

3. A 44-year-old patient complains of irregular menses with hot flashes. She is informed that she is approaching the climacteric period. Her nurse finds her withdrawn and crying. An appropriate statement by the nurse would be:

2

1. "It is not the end of the world." 2. "You seem upset. I am here to listen." 3. "Everything will be all right." 4. "Aging is not for the faint of heart." 25.

3. A nurse needs to collect a midstream urine specimen. The nurse should: I. obtain only a morning first void specimen. J. use sterile technique. K. collect a midportion of the voiding in a sterile container. L. collect urine over a 12-hour period.

K. collect a midportion of the voiding in a sterile container.

26.

3. A woman who has a hysterectomy may have difficulty adjusting to this loss for what reason?

k

I. She will be less sexually motivated. J. It means she will have fewer children. K. The uterus is generally symbolic of femininity. L. She will be less active and less healthy than others her age. 27.

3.Blood should be infused with an IV tubing set selected for:

j

I. regular drops. J. macrodrops. K. microdrops. L. large drops. Serology

28.

3.Tests for typhoid are considered ____ tests. (What type of test?) (Fill in the blank.)

29.

3. The nurse talks with the parents of a 9-year-old girl regarding the HPV vaccinations. The information session must 2,3,4 include which statement(s)? (Select all that apply.) 1. "The vaccine is a one-dose immunization." 2. "The vaccine prevents genital warts." 3. "The vaccine prevents some precancerous lesions of the cervix." 4. "The vaccine protects against some other full-blown HPV infections." 5. "The vaccine eliminates the need for routine cervical cancer screening."

30.

3. To detect early stage cancer of the prostate, it is suggested that men have which two examinations performed?

k

I. A digital rectal examination and a semen analysis J. Semen analysis and a serum alkaline phosphatase K. Prostate-specific antigen level and a digital rectal examination L. Prostate-specific antigen level and a serum alkaline phosphatase 31.

3. When obtaining a history from a female patient suspected of having a sexually transmitted infection (STI), as a way l to determine how much at risk the patient is, which of these questions is most important? I. "Are you married?" J. "How often do you have sex?" K. "Have you ever had an abortion?" L. "How many sexual partners have you had in the past year?"

32.

3.Which organ in the body regulates fluid and electrolyte balance?

i

I. Kidney J. Liver K. Heart L. Adrenal cortex 33.

3.Your patient has been ordered to receive nothing by mouth today because of scheduled diagnostic tests. Even without fluid intake, what amount of fluids would be lost, if any?

4

o 1.The 200 mL normally produced by metabolism of food o 2.None o 3.Only the minimum amount of urine needed to excrete wastes o 4.Urine and obligatory losses, totaling 1500 mL 34.

4. An important nursing responsibility is the reporting of certain sexually transmitted infections to the CDC and local health authorities. Which infection(s) should the nurse prepare to report? (Select all that apply.)

1,2,5

1. Gonorrhea 2. Syphilis 3. Bacterial vaginosis 4. Candidiasis 5. Chlamydia 35.

4. An infusion pump is mandatory when patients receive:

n

M. lactated Ringer's. N. chemotherapy drugs. O. proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). P. normal saline IV fluid. 36.

4. A patient is reporting clinical symptoms of appropriate for the patient? M. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen N. Ultrasound of the gallbladder O. Radiograph of the gallbladder P. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the gallbladder

What initial diagnostic test would be

N. Ultrasound of the gallbladder

37.

4. A post-prostatectomy patient expresses concerns regarding his ability to have intimate relations with his wife. The nurse identifies a possible sexual dysfunction. Priority nursing interventions would be geared toward which of the following nursing goals?

2

1. Identify signs and symptoms of infection. 2. Facilitate verbalization of personal concerns with his partner. 3. Demonstrate good aseptic wound care. 4. Facilitate development of alternative coping strategies. 38.

4. Metrorrhagia is associated with which of the following?

4

1. Uterine polyps and leiomyomas 2. Trauma and foreign body in the vagina 3. Cervical cancer 4. All of these 39.

4. The nurse is providing education to a 22-year-old man at his annual physical examination. The nurse should instruct the m patient to perform his monthly testicular self-examination at what time? M. After a warm bath N. After a cold shower O. After emptying the bladder P. Before arising in the morning

40.

4. The patient presents to the clinic for her annual well-woman examination. Which symptom, if reported by the patient, o indicates that the woman may be beginning menopause? M. Stress incontinence N. Acne-like skin changes O. Menstrual irregularities P. Extreme coldness at night

41.

4.When taking a culture sample from an infected throat, the nurse should: (Select all that apply.) o 1.don sterile gloves to obtain the sample. o 2.depress the tongue with a tongue blade. o 3.swab around the back of the throat. o 4.swab around the tonsil area. o 5.spray the swab with saline. o 6.place the swab in the sterile culture tube and seal it.

1,3,4

42.

4. Which of these attitudes is essential for the LPN/LVN to have when obtaining a history on a patient who has an STI?

o

M. Friendly N. Indifferent O. Nonjudgmental P. Complete acceptance of the patient's behavior 43.

4.Which patient is at highest risk for dehydration?

p

M. Infant who has a high fever N. Teenager who has intentionally limited fluid intake to avoid weight gain O. Young patient with diarrhea P. Elderly patient with fever and persistent nausea and vomiting (N&V) 44.

5. A 35-year-old patient scheduled for a unilateral orchiectomy as treatment for testicular cancer is withdrawn and avoids interacting with the nurse. Which action would be most appropriate in this situation?

r

Q. Asking the patient if he is worried about future sexual function. R. Assessing the patient regarding his concerns related to his diagnosis and treatment. S. Telling the patient he probably will not overcome his fears unless he talks about them. T. Setting a patient outcome that the patient will verbalize his concerns about his diagnosis. 45.

5. A 65-year-old man complains of difficulty urinating, described as decreased caliber of the urine stream. He also has 1,2,5 accompanying hesitancy, dribbling, and urgency. A digital rectal examination reveals an enlarged prostate. Which nursing intervention(s) would be appropriate? (Select all that apply.) 1. Teach to decrease caffeine and artificial sweeteners. 2. Teach to limit spicy foods and alcohol intake. 3. Apply a condom catheter. 4. Restrict fluid intake. 5. Plan a timed voiding schedule.

46.

5. A 65-year-old patient complains of vaginal bleeding. She has been menopausal for 11 years. Which of the following are 1,2,4 possible causes? (Select all that apply.) 1. Postcoital bleeding from atrophic vaginitis 2. Endometrial cancer 3. Endometriosis 4. Cervical polyp

47.

5.An 82-year-old patient is admitted with vomiting and diarrhea. On assessment, you note that he is apprehensive and his 3 skin is cool, dry, and pale. His pulse is rapid, and his blood pressure is lower than normal. These symptoms are indicative of: o 1.fluid overload. o 2.electrolyte imbalance. o 3.dehydration. o 4.intestinal flu.

48.

5. A patient receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy for cervical cancer develops mouth sores and complains of nausea. The nurse is aware that maintaining adequate nutritional status is a priority. Which nursing action will best help the patient?

s

Q. Provide her with a bland diet. R. Advise her to avoid fruits and vegetables. S. Administer antiemetics at the first signs of nausea. T. Provide her with either very hot or very cold meals. 49.

5. A patient requires an intravenous antibiotic for 6 weeks. The appropriate type catheter would be:

r

Q. Broviac. R. midline catheter (ML). S. Hickman. T. Groshong. 50.

5. A patient with Chlamydia trachomatis is most likely to be treated with which medication?

R

Q. Acyclovir R. Doxycycline S. Hydrocortisone T. Penicillin G/benzathine 51.

5.Correct technique for obtaining a stool specimen for ova and parasites is to use a wooden stick and: o 1.obtain the specimen from the middle of the stool. o 2.place the whole stool specimen in the specimen container. o 3.obtain the specimen from two parts of the stool. o 4.include any liquid stool.

1

52.

5. Hyponatremia may be caused by:

s

Q. increased secretion of aldosterone. R. stroke. S. congestive heart failure (CHF). T. dehydration. 53.

5. Which patient should not have an MRI?

T. Patient with a cardiac pacemaker

Q. Patient with terminal lung cancer

Patients with pacemakers cannot undergo an MRI because of the strong magnetic field. Patients with terminal lung cancer, a central venous catheter, and oxygen per nasal cannula may undergo an MRI if there is no metal in the body. REF: Page 415

R. Patient with a central venous catheter S. Patient with oxygen per nasal cannula T. Patient with a cardiac pacemaker 54.

5. Which statement is true regarding the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test?

4

1. VDRL tests are used for screening and diagnosis. 2. False-negative reactions are associated with malaria, leprosy, and viral pneumonia. 3. The VDRL values increase quantitatively after completion of therapy. 4. False-negative reactions are associated with alcohol consumption. 55.

6. A 30-year-old white male presents to the clinic for an annual 3 examination. While there he states, "I have a hard lump on my testicle. I just noticed it recently and I think it's because I took up bike riding. I will have the doctor check it the next time I come in if it's still there." What should the nurse tell him? 1. "That's probably a good plan. Most testicular lumps are not cancer and you can always come back sooner if it does not go away." 2. "The doctor should look at it now. Most testicular lumps are cancerous and we can begin treatment right away." 3. "The doctor should check that lump today. Most testicular lumps are benign, but we do not want to take a risk." 4. "Yes. I think the doctor is running late anyway, and you should make an appointment with the doctor because that is an add-on problem, and this is a prevention visit."

56.

6. An elderly patient has a rapid pulse, shortness of breath, and distended neck veins. An IV of 0.9 NS at 150 mL/hr is infusing. What should the nurse be concerned about? U. Catheter embolus

X. Fluid overload Elderly patients who have IV fluid infusing are at risk for potential fluid overload. Rapid pulse, shortness of breath, and distended neck veins are possible signs of fluid overload. Catheter embolus may cause loss of consciousness. Speed shock may result in cardiac arrest. Signs of septicemia are fever, chills, and general malaise. REF: Page 709, Table 36-2

V. Speed shock W. Septicemia X. Fluid overload 57.

6. A nurse is assessing a patient for clinical signs and symptoms of syphilis. What are the classic manifestations of syphilis? (Select all that apply.)

1,2,4

1. An open ulcer on the genitals 2. A red rash on the palms of the hands 3. A cough and fever 4. A red rash on the soles of the feet 58.

6. A nurse is discussing healthy lifestyle activities with a woman. Which of the following statements by the woman...