Reading Theories Summary PDF

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About how to read and do the summary of the summary, but also their own learning experience, the outline of the article, after all, the initial writing of the article, there will be mistakes....

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Xing1 Gang Xing Clara Hurtado EFL 073 10/15/2021

Reading Theories: Summary

B. F. Skinner Skinner divided behavior into two categories: responding behavior, which is a response elicited by a known stimulus; and operant behavior, which is a response emitted by the organism itself, independent of any known stimulus. Human behavior is primarily operant behavior consisting of operant reflexes, which are behaviors that act on the environment to produce a result. Children could only produce language that was part of their experience; they could not state what they had not previously heard and teaching was in the area of operant conditioning and the idea that behaviors could be modified teaching was in the area of operant conditioning and the idea that behaviors could be modified through positive and negative reinforcement. This theory tells us that for every little achievement in learning English, if we can get timely affirmation and encouragement, we will have a sense of achievement and will experience joy from our success, thus enhancing our self-confidence and enterprising spirit. Therefore, it is important to constantly create opportunities for ourselves to be successful and to be able to experience the joy of success more often. The first successful experience may, in turn, drive the second success, and multiple successes will make them feel more confident, gradually experience the joy of learning English, enjoy the joy of success, and at the same time lay the foundation for the success of English learning. But how to do repeated positive stimulation to achieve self-motivation?

Xing2 (1) Use your learning records as a reference point. Each stage of learning record (exercise book, vocabulary book, etc.) is the footprint of one's hard work on the road of selflearning and should be kept well and taken out when you have time. As your English improves, you will be able to see your progress and motivate yourself, so that you will be more enthusiastic about learning and the whole learning process will become a virtuous cycle of learning more and more. (2) Take one of the more difficult record as a reference point and listen to it regularly to see how much you can understand. As time goes by and the level improves, you will understand more and more of the content. You can also read a certain English book for a long time, every time you read it, mark the places you don't understand, and the next time you read it again to see how much of what you didn't know last time you will know this time. If you keep doing this for a long time, you can always see your progress. (3) Use various applications of English as reference points. As time goes on, you are bound to encounter a variety of situations in which English is used for communication, etc. All of these are good points of reference. All of these are good reference points for measuring your English level.

Jean Piaget According to Piaget, Learning would occur through two primary channels: assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation refers to a process by which children incorporate new learning into their existing cognitive structures (i.e., their prior knowledge). Accommodation occurs when prior knowledge is insufficient or incorrect and existing neural structures have to be corrected or built from scratch. Assimilation was regarded as the easier, or preferred, the vehicle of learning. Teachers of culturally and linguistically diverse

Xing3 classrooms well know how hard it is to learn through accommodation; much of what is taught in schools presume a common experience or prior knowledge. I think the essence of this theory is the phrase: "Interest is the best teacher"。You learn what you are interested in and you don't get bored or tired of it. When you feel tired of studying, it is best to take a break, to recover from your fatigue, otherwise, fatigue may turn into boredom, and once you get bored, it will be more difficult to save. But one thing to keep in mind in practice that will keep us interested in learning English is to choose a material that is only a little bit harder than our level. If your level is i-level, you should choose materials that are i+1 difficulty. And don't choose those i+10 ones, that will scare you. And don't pick the i-10 ones either, you'll get bored studying that way! Personally, there are two ways to learn English with interest. (1) Watch movies with English subtitles, TV. This is what my teacher recommended I try. There are many categories of American dramas, romantic, comedy, action, history, there must be always one for you. And the learning process is not too boring. The influence of culture on people is subtle, even if you don't have much influence when you watch it, but over time, you will find that the invisible influence you receive is very far-reaching. (2) Listen to English songs. Familiar songs like "because of you", "my heart will go on", "far away from home" and many more, sometimes often listen to those songs, we will find ourselves sometimes will naturally sing out and especially fluent so that our English listening will also help, but also to stimulate the love of English. This will also help our English listening, and can also stimulate the love of English, which can be said to be one stone two birds.

Works Cited

Xing4 1. Melissa Lee Farrall. “Reading Assessment: Linking Language, Literacy, and Cognition” John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated ,2002, pp. 7-17....