Recombinant Protein Production in Yeasts PDF20160328-5668-P0N944

Title	Recombinant Protein Production in Yeasts
Author	Brigitte Gasser
Pages	15
File Size	197.4 KB
File Type	PDF20160328-5668-P0N944
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Summary

REVIEW Recombinant Protein Production in Yeasts 245 Recombinant Protein Production in Yeasts Danilo Porro,1,* Michael Sauer,2 Paola Branduardi,1 and Diethard Mattanovich2 Abstract Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technologies (genetic, protein, and metabolic engineering) allow the produc- tion of a wide range...

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Recombinant Protein Production in Yeasts 245 MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY Volume 31, 2005 REVIEW 245 Molecular Biotechnology © 2005 Humana Press Inc. All rights of any nature whatsoever reserved. 1073–6085/2005/31:3/245–260/$30.00 *Author to whom all correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed. 1Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, p.zza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy. E-mail: [email protected]. 2Institute of Applied Microbiology, BOKU— University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. Abstract Recombinant Protein Production in Yeasts Danilo Porro, 1,* Michael Sauer, 2 Paola Branduardi, 1 and Diethard Mattanovich 2 Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technologies (genetic, protein, and metabolic engineering) allow the produc- tion of a wide range of peptides, proteins, and biochemicals from naturally nonproducing cells. These tech- nologies, now approx 25 yr old, have become one of the most important technologies developed in the twentieth century. Pharmaceutical products and industrial enzymes were the frst biotech products on the world market made by means of rDNA. Despite important advances in rDNA applications in mammalian cells, yeasts still represent attractive hosts for the production of heterologous proteins. In this review we summarize advantages and limitations of the main and most promising yeast hosts. Index Entries: Yeasts; heterologous proteins; expression; industrial biotechnology. 1. Introduction 1.1. The Host Species Commonly Used High level production of proteins from engi- neered organisms provides an alternative to pro- tein extraction from natural sources. Natural sources of proteins are often limited, and further- more the concentration of the desired product is generally low making its extraction very cost- intensive or even impossible. In addition, extrac- tion might bear the danger of toxic or infectious contamination depending on the natural origin of the protein. With the advent of molecular clon- ing in the mid-1970s, it became possible to pro- duce foreign proteins in new hosts. Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technologies (genetic, protein, and metabolic engineering) allow the production of a wide range of peptides and proteins from natu- rally nonproducing cells. The frst biotech prod- ucts on the world market made by means of rDNA were pharmaceutical products (for ex- ample, insulin, interferons, erythropoietin, vac- cine against hepatitis B) and industrial enzymes (for example, used for the treatment of food, feed, detergents, paper pulp, and health care). World sales of the top 20 recombinant pharmaceutical products in 2000 was about 13 billion euros, whereas the worldwide market for industrial en- zymes was about 2 billion euros and it is projected to reach about 8 billion euros by 2008. At present, microorganisms as well as cultured cells from higher organisms (such as mammalian, insect, or plant) represent the most frequently used hosts for the production of heterologous as well as homologous proteins. Microorganisms (prokary- otic as well as eukaryotic) are advantageous hosts because of high growth rates and ease of genetic manipulation. In this respect, the dominance of Escherichia coli as host for the production of het- erologous proteins is clearly a refection of the quantity and quality of the information available about its genetics, molecular biology, biochemi- cal, physiological, and fermentation technologies....