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01/23/2019 Environmental Policy Revisiting The Commons - More solutions exist than Harden proposed (without centralizing all public resources to government or privatization) - Resources that are difficult to measure are difficult to manage, regardless of the resource Common Pool Resources: Resource systems regardless of property rights involved - Exclusion of beneficiaries through physical and institutional means is especially costly - And exploitation by one user reduces resource availability for others - The farmer-managed irrigation systems of Nepal are examples of well-managed CPRs that rely on strong, locally crafted rules as well as evolved norms - Government owned systems are built with concrete and steel headworks, in contrast to the simple mud, stone, and trees used by the farmers. However, the cropping intensity achieved by farmer-managed systems is significantly higher than on government system -...