School Age nclex high yield stuff you need to know PDF

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nclex information you need to know for the test...

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Understanding Growth and Development School - Age School Age is 6-12 years: Industry vs Inferiority (Erikson) Basic Principles: •

The child starts to place importance on privacy. Plays mostly with same sex peers. When caring for this age be sure to provide gowns and covers when performing procedures. Always knock on the door before entering.

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Has an increased need to understand the body and functions of the body.

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One of the major tasks is mastering conservation. They learn that physical matter doesn’t change when its form is altered. They are no longer magical thinkers. An example of this being achieved: They understand that if a girl cuts her hair short she doesn’t become a boy, their gender doesn’t change by having a haircut. –

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Does not reason logically, may use symbols or objects, either words or images. Understands relationship between things and ideas, allow the child to handle equipment-this will help increase their understanding.

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Childrenbecomemoreflexible.Theyarenowabletoseeand understand things from anothers point of view, no longer rigid thinkers. They are no longer so egocentric. This is the beginning of logical thought formation which leads to the development of morality

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They use cooperative play. They work hard in school, sports, and in theirfamilytofillasenseofaccomplishment.

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They want to be productive and successful!!

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The goal of this stage of development is to develop a sense industry.Thiswillhelpinbuildingself-confidence.Theycontinue to improve their social skills.

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Eager to build skills and participate in meaningful and socially useful work. They must balance this with the knowledge that although they are improving and successful there is always more to learn.

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If the child DOESN’T develop a sense of accomplishment this may result is a sense of inferiority.

As children move from egocentrism to more logical thinking they are also developing a conscience and moral standards. These standards are based on the teachings and beliefs of others such as teachers and parents.

Assessment Guidelines •

Important things to focus on when assessing the school age child: –

Height and weight gain slows, appears in bursts, can grow at least 2 inches in height per year

Developmental Milestones •

Some important developmental milestones to remember: –

Repeats activities in order to master them

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Develops concept of numbers, knows when its morning or night, by age 8 gives similarities and differences between two things from memory, can repeat days of the week

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Age 6 able to use knife to spread butter, by age 8 helps with routine housework, looks after own meals

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Socially at age 6 can share and cooperate, likes to compete in games, enjoy spending time with others of the same age on projects and discussing the activities of the day, develops modesty: these are import ant consideration when they are in an acute care setting.

Pain Assessment

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What are signs a school age child may be in pain?

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They can understand disease or injury causes pain

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Muscle rigidity Clenchedfist Wrinkled forehead Able to verbalize pain by telling you location and intensity Stalling behaviors Pain Scales

Faces • Faces Scale is used for age 3 and up 

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Havethechildchoosethefacialexpressionthatbestfitstheir pain level

Oucher

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Oucher is used for children age 3-12 years

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Consist of 6 photographs of faces representing no hurt to biggest hurt

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BenefitoverFacesscale:ithasfacesfromdifferentethnicities

Numeric Scale

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Use for children ages 5 and up

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Usesstraightlinewithendpointsidentifiedasnopainand  worst pain

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Be sure the child is able to count!! Some 5 year olds haven’t mastered this skill yet....