Shannon London Review Sheet 3 PDF

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Review Sheet #3 Answers

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Which vitamin requires intrinsic factor in order to be absorbed?  B12 How are most nutrients absorbed via the mucosa of the intestinal villa?  Active transport drive directly or indirectly by metabolic energy Define the following terms: anabolism, fermentation, mastication, and catabolism.  Anabolism: provides the material needed for cellular growth and repair…larger molecules are made from smaller ones…requires energy  Fermentation: the anaerobic enzymatic conversion of organic compounds, especially carbohydrates, to simpler compounds  Mastication: the process of chewing food in preparation for deglutition and digestion; the act of grinding or comminuting with the teeth  Catabolism: the enzyme-regulated chemical reactions that release energy…the breakdown of complex organic compounds into simpler ones…large is broken down to small What does chief and parietal cells secrete? Review electrolyte absorption. Review nervous control of gastric secretion. What are functions of the stomach? Liver damage would mostly affect the digestion of ________________.  Lipids. Review gastric phase of gastric secretion. Review the following hormones and their function (s): cholecystokinin, secretin, gastric inhibitor peptide, and gastrin. What is the function of goblet cells? Review the tunica of the digestive tract especially the small intestines. Type of papillae on the tongue that contains taste buds. Review the function of hepatocytes. What produces intrinsic factor?  Parietal cells. What hormones or paracrines that inhibit gastric secretion? What is the importance of tubular secretion?  Tubular secretion is important for all EXCEPT which of the following? -Ridding the body of excess glucose

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Describe kidney function in older adults. What are methods by which the cells of the renal tubules can raise blood pH? What are factors that favor filtrate formation at the glomerulus? What is the composition of glomerular filtrate? How is the initiation of micturition triggered? Know the structure of the renal corpuscle. Know the sequence from the formation to elimination of urine. What are the chemoreceptors in the kidney that respond to changes in solute content? What is the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus? Know functions of the nephron loop. What triggers the release of renin? What is prostate cancer? What is the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis? Know the tooth that bears the force of chewing. What is the essential role played by the large intestinal bacteria?

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Know the functions of bile. How the surface area of the small intestines increased? Know the functions and composition of saliva. What are the hormones responsible the direct water reabsorption? Know the function of ADH. What is the chief force pushing water and solutes during filtration? What is the makeup of the filtration membrane? Know functions of the urinary system. Know the angiotensin renin aldosterone system. Know the importance of each stomach secretion....