SHIPS DECK FITTINGS PDF

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SHIPS DECK FITTINGS SHIPS DECK FITTINGS ￮ Deck fittings are used aboard ships and boats mainly for the securing of mooring lines. 2 BULK CARRIERS 3 BULK CARRIERS ￮ A vessel designed to carry dry cargo, loaded into the vessel with no containment other than that of the ship ￮ Conventional bulk carrier...

Description

SHIPS DECK FITTINGS

SHIPS DECK FITTINGS ￮

Deck fittings are used aboard ships and boats mainly for the securing of mooring lines.

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BULK CARRIERS

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BULK CARRIERS ￮ ￮

A vessel designed to carry dry cargo, loaded into the vessel with no containment other than that of the ship Conventional bulk carrier is constructed with a single deck, single skin, double bottom, hopper side tanks and topside tanks in cargo spaces.

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HATCH ￮ ￮

an opening in the deck of a ship or in the floor or roof of a building through which people or cargo can go Different types of hatch covers are used for ships depending on the type of the ship and the cargo carried

HATCH COVER ￮

A large steel structure fitted over a hatch opening to prevent the ingress of water into the cargo hold. It may also be the supporting structure for deck cargo. Various designs exist for particular applications. The hatch cover has to be weatherproof and has to remain so when conditions change as a result of waves, temperature and cargo.

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TYPES OF HATCH COVERS Lift-away hatch covers

Rolling hatch covers

Folding hatch covers

LIFT AWAY HATCH COVER ￮

Usually multi-panel units designed so that there are several panels for each hatch opening.

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They can be opened in an independent order and they allow partial hatch opening.

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Hatches are opened with a spreader using the vessel cranes or container cranes on shore.

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After removal, the panels can be stowed on top of adjacent covers which are placed on the quay or on the ship deck.

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The weight of the cover, and any cargo stowed on it, is transferred to the ship structure by bearing pads

ROLLING HATCH COVER ￮

divided into two main types considering opening direction.

1. Side-rolling covers open sideways and 2. End-rolling covers lengthwise. ￮

Both types are well suited to act as weatherdeck covers for dry bulk carrier and, when designed to sustain internal liquid loads, also for OBO and Ore/Oil ships.

HYDRAULIC FOLDING HATCH COVER

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consists of two flat type topped panels which are operated via hydraulic arms. These may be fitted on both weather deck as well as tween deck.

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A major advantage in the design of folding type hatch covers is its large size which means less number of panels.

CLEATING ARRANGEMENT FOR HATCH COVERS

CLEAT ￮

a wooden or metal device used to fasten a line or a rope

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prevent excessive movement of the hatch cover as a ship bends and flexes in a seaway.

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They allow limited movement to ensure correct contact between the cover and its coaming, preventing hatch cover damage

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MOORING DECK FITTINGS

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MOORING DECK FITTINGS MOORING ￮

mooring refers to any permanent structure to which a vessel may be secured

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Examples include quays, wharfs, jetties, piers, anchor buoys, and mooring buoys.

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A ship is secured to a mooring to forestall free movement of the ship on the water 16

FAIRLEADS ￮

a device to guide a line, rope or cable around an object, out of the way or to stop it from moving laterally. Typically a fairlead will be a ring or hook

FAIRLEADS ROLLER FAIRLEAD ￮

protects the rope from getting damaged from sharp edges

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used with steel cable

MULTI ANGLE FAIRLEAD ￮

guide mooring lines allowing them to pass smoothly through a ship's bulwark or other barrier

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FAIRLEADS PEDESTAL FAIRLEAD ￮

fairlead usually operating in a horizontal plane. Its function is to change the direction of lead of a mooring or of other line on a deck

PANAMAFAIRLEAD ￮

non-roller type fairlead mounted at the ship's side

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MOORING BITTS AND BOLLARDS ￮

a device to guide a line, rope or cable around an object, out of the way or to stop it from moving laterally. Typically a fairlead will be a ring or hook

MOORING BITS AND BOLLARDS MOORING BITTS ￮

are paired vertical wooden or iron posts mounted either aboard a ship or on a wharf, pier or quay. The posts are used to secure mooring lines, ropes, hawsers, or cables

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Bitts are carefully manufactured and maintained to avoid any sharp edges which might chafe and weaken the mooring lines.

MOORING BOLLARD ￮

a sturdy, short, vertical post

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a post on a ship or quay used principally for mooring boats

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MOORING WINCH ￮

a mechanical device used for securing a ship to the berth. An equipment with various barrels used for pulling ropes or cables, mooring winches play an important role in berthing the ship ashore

AUTO TENSION MOORING WINCH

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FORECASTLE MOORING ARRANGEMENT ￮

Mooring lines should be arranged as symmetrically as possible about the midship point of the ship.

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ANCHOR DECK FITTINGS

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ANCHOR DECK FITTINGS HAWSE PIPE SPURLING PIPE CHAIN LOCKERS FORECASTLE ANCHORING ARRANGEMENT

ANCHOR CHAIN STOPPER

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The main function of the hawse pipe is to guide the chain from deck level to outside the shell plating. The hawse pipe should be constructed to a size large enough to accommodate the smooth running of the chain and to provide secure stowage of the anchor, permitting it to drop freely when released without jamming or risking damage to the hull structure.

HAWSE PIPE

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a steel construction allowing the anchor chains to enter the chain lockers through the forecastle deck. It must be very strong as it has to lead the chain to the wildcat, the part of the windlass that engage the link of the anchor chain.

SPURLING PIPE

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A compartment located under the windlass where the anchor chains are stowed. ... The arrangements are to be such that accidental flooding of the chain locker cannot result in damage to auxiliaries or equipment necessary for proper operation of the vessel nor in successive flooding into other spaces.

CHAIN LOCKERS

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The inboard end of a ship anchoring cable which is secured in the chain locker by the clench pin. BITTER END

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The anchoring equipment is located on the forecastle, the most exposed place onboard. This requires an equipment design that is rugged but also ensures safe and relatively easy operation.

FORECASTLE ANCHORING ARRANGEMENT

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a device (as a hook) that secures the anchor chain (as when the anchor is raised) thus taking the strain from the windlass. ANCHOR CHAIN STOPPER

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TANKER DECK FITTINGS

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TANKER DECK FITTINGS

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MAST RISER ￮

used to maintain a positive pressure of inert gas at the time of loading of cargo and during the loading time it is kept open to avoid pressurization of cargo tank.

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CARGO PUMPS ￮

The function of any pump is to transfer liquid from one point to another and this involves the use of piping. Such a transfer in a tanker can be divided into two parts:

CARGO PUMPS ￮

The movement of liquid from the tank to the pump. This is a function of the pump and its installation design. These factors are beyond the control of the ship provided the design ratings of the pump are maintained.

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The onward movement of the liquid from the pump to its destination. This is an area where the efficient operation of the pumps is essential if optimum results are to be obtained.

Chemical Tanker Pumproom Layout Hydraulic Submerged Pump Submerged Pump

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SOUNDING PIPES ￮

All important tanks on ships are provided with sounding pipe through which a person can insert a sounding tape to measure the level in the tank manually.

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P/V BREAKER ￮ ￮

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pressure vacuum breaker is fitted to a branch line off the inert gas deck main line. The purpose of the pressure vacuum breaker is to safeguard against over-pressurisation as well as under-pressurisation of the cargo tanks another mechanism that acts as a secondary means of venting on crude oil tankers. located and connected to the common IG line of the ship.

P/V BREAKER

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CARGO MANIFOLD ￮

The terminal point of the tanker deck piping. It consists of a number of pipes. Eeach of them branches off into two or more open ends for cargo loading or discharge.

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INERT GAS SYSTEM

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the most important integrated system for oil tankers for safe operation of the ship. Inert gas is the gas which contains insufficient oxygen (normally less then 8 %) to suppress combustion of flammable hydrocarbon gases.

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OTHER DECK FITTINGS

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SAMPSON POST

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a strong pillar fixed to a ship's deck to act as a support for a tackle or other equipment.

DERRICKS AND DECK CRANES

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are used on general-cargo ships to lift the cargo on and off. They are usually capable of lifting between five and ten tons but the ship may be fitted with one or more heavy-lift derricks i.e. Jumbo Derricks to cope with the heavier items of cargo

FIREMAIN SYSTEM

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basic installation for fighting fires A sea water supply system for fire hydrants. It consists of sea inlets, suction piping, fire pumps and a distributed piping system supplying fire hydrants, hoses and nozzles located throughout the vessel. Each vessel is to be provided with at least two main fire pumps

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BALLAST PIPING SYSTEM

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used to transfer sea water from one ballast tank to another tank,filling or discharge of water ballast tanks and anti heeling system

Ballast System Of A General Cargo Ship

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FITTINGS AND LASHING

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Fixed and loose fittings used for the reliable securing of containers

NAVAL ARCHITECTURE DECK FITTINGS MIDN 4CL DAQUIADO, PENOL, SANTOS, BARRAMEDA, VALENTIN , INFANTE 62...