Spc 2608 ch1 - Chapter 1 Notes PDF

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Chapter 1 Notes...

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Similarities Between Public Speaking & Conversation 1. Organizing your thoughts logically 2. Tailoring your message to your audience 3. Telling a Story for maximum impact 4. Adapting to listener feedback

Differences Between Public Speaking PS is more structured requires formal language requires a different method of delivery Avoid distracting mannerisms & verbal habits

Stage Fright anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience

Adrenaline hormone released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress

positive nervousness controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for his or her presentation

visualization mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation

Speech making is an act of communication not a.... performance; don't expect perfection

Work hardest on this part of speech introduction (nail it!)

Critical thinking focused, organized thinking about logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion

Elements of speeches 1. speaker 2. listener 3. message 4. channel 5. feedback 6. interference 7. situation

speaker person who is presenting an oral and nonverbal message to a listener

message whatever a speaker communicates to someone else

channel means by which a message is communicated

listener person who receives the speaker's message

a speaker's message is filtered through a frame of reference

frame of reference a set of criteria or stated values in relation to which measurements or judgments can be made Total of his/her knowledge, experiences, goals, values

Speakers in this class will be... audience centered speakers

feedback the messages, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker

interference anything that impedes the communication of a message, can be external or internal to listeners

situation the time and place in which speech communication occurs

can alter the message and its delivery

Avoid enthnocentrism the belief that one's group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures

True or False: Speaking is the same thing as communicating False

audience centered speakers someone who tries to connect and provide an meaningful experience to every member in their audience tailors their message to meet the knowledge, attributes, and needs of its audience

communication is context dependent a particular situation and setting has an effect on the process and can change the communication that is happening

Reasons for Poor Performance on Speeches high pressure for success lack of practice uncomfortable with audience fear of judgement self doubt

What is does nervousness imply and what should you do with it?

It means you care channel that energy into positive energy towards your topic shift focus from you to the listener

Ways to Control Nervousness Practice Think Positively Visualize doing well accept imperfections release tension

ethics the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs

ethical decisions sound ethical decisions involving weighing a potential course of action against a set of ethical standards or guidelines

Do speakers need to tell the truth? They need to present accurate information (not skewed data)

plagarism presenting another person's language or ideas as ones own

global plagarism

stealing a speech entirely from a single source and passing it off as one's own

patchwork plagarism stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own

incremental plagarism failing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people quotes paraphrase

speaker generated interference verbal or nonverbal ex: clicking of pen verbal fillers like um

communication is.... an ongoing interaction between speaker and listener

ethics acronoym TROP: topic, research, organization,presentation

listening paying close attention to & making sense of what we hear grasp 50%, remember 10%

engaging mind and processing

How many types of listening 5 kinds

appreciative listening listening for pleasure or enjoyment

empathic listening to understand another person's perspective; shows you care

comprehensive listening to understand the message of a speaker

critical listening to take in, understand, and evaluate a message

discriminative listening being knowledgeable in able to break down/ hear everything being said and decode/understand its meaning

Causes of poor listening poor sense of concentration not attending to a message listening to what we want to hear

listen to respond (their time to talk) jumping to conclusions (waiting to refute point)

Tips for becoming a better listener take listening seriously be an active listener try to suspend judgement (open-minded) try to focus listening (don't focus on delivery or appearance) resist detractions

Introduction grab attention and interest of audience preview body clear sense of topic, CI, and purpose

Types of Organizational Orders Chronological (order) topical (main and sub) spatial (relation to each other) causal ( cause effect) problem-solution

extemporaneous speech a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes

brainstorming method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas

general purpose broad goal of a speech to inform to persuade

topic subject of the speech

specific purpose single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in his or her speech statement of fact

central idea one sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major ideas of a speech core message assertion that you are going to prove

residual message what the speaker wants its audience to remember after they have forgotten everything else

4 methods of speech delivery memorized manuscript extemporaneous impromptu...