Ch1 - Lecture notes 1 PDF

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Definet heconceptofasy s t em. YourAnswer : As yst em i sasetoft woormor ecomponent st hatar esomehowi nt er r el at edandi nt er actt oget hert o achi ev easpeci ficgoal .

Quest i on64 Notyetgr aded/1pt s Definedat a,i nf or mat i on,andhowt heval ueofi nf or mat i oni sdet er mi ned. YourAnswer : Dat a:f act st hatar ecol l ect ed,ent er ed,r ecor ded,st or ed,andpr ocessedbyanAI S.I nf or mat i on:dat a t hathasbeenor gani zedandpr ocessedandi smeani ngf ult oi t suser s .Suchi nf or mat i oni s accessi bl e,r el evant ,t i mel y ,r el i abl e,ver i fiabl e,compl et e,andunder st andabl e.I nf or mat i oni sofv al ue whent hebenefit sr ecei v edf r om usi ngoract i nguponi tout wei ghst hecos tt opr oducet he i nf or mat i on.

Quest i on65 Notyetgr aded/1pt s Defineanaccount i ngi nf or mat i ons yst em. YourAnswer : AnAI Si sas ys t em t hatcol l ect s,r ecor ds,st or es ,andpr ocessesdat at opr oducei nf or mat i onf or deci si onmak er s. br

Quest i on66 Notyetgr aded/1pt s I dent i f yt hecomponent sofanacc ount i ngi nf or mat i onsy st em. YourAnswer : Awel l desi gnedAI Sconsi st sofpeopl e,pr ocedur esandi nst r uct i ons ,dat a,sof t war e,i nf or mat i on t echnol ogyi nf r ast r uct ur e,andi nt er nalcont r ol sandsecur i t ymeasur es .br

Quest i on67 Notyetgr aded/1pt s Whati st heCI TPdesi gnat i onandwhyi si ti mpor t antt oAI S? YourAnswer : TheCI TPdesi gnat i onst andsf or" Cer t i fiedI nf or mat i onTechnol ogyPr of essi onal . "I ti sawar dedt o CPAswhohav edemonst r at edabr oadr angeofknowl edgeandski l lset si nt hear easofaccount i ng andi nf or mat i onsy st emsandt echnol ogy .TheAI CPA( Amer i canI nst i t ut eofCPAs )hasacknowl edged t hei mpor t anceandcl oser el at i onshi pt hataccount i ngandi nf or mat i onsy st emsshar ei ncr eat i ngt hi s speci al t ydesi gnat i onf oracc ount i ngi nf or mat i ons yst em pr of essi onal s . br

Quest i on68 Notyetgr aded/1pt s Di ffer ent i at ebet weenanAI Scour seandot heracc ount i ngcour ses.

YourAnswer : Ot heraccount i ngcour sesassumet hepr epar at i onorr epor t i ngofaccount i ngi nf or mat i oni sf or ext er nalori nt er nal user s.Howev er ,t heAI Scour sef ocusesont heflowofaccount i ngi nf or mat i oni n t heor gani zat i onf r om asy st emsper spect i v e.TheAI Scour set r acest heor i gi n,pr ocessi ng,st or i ng, andul t i mat edi sposalofi nf or mat i on.AnAI Scour seal sof ocusesonbusi nesspr ocesses, or gani zat i onst r uct ur e,i nf or mat i onsy st ems,andcor por at epl anni ngandgoal s . br

Quest i on69 Notyetgr aded/1pt s Whati st hepur posebehi ndt hefiv epr i mar yact i vi t i esi nt hev al uechai n? YourAnswer : Thegoaloft hefiv epr i mar yact i vi t i esi nt hev al uechai ni st of aci l i t at et hebusi nessi npr ovi di ngv al ue t oi t scust omer s.Thefiv epr i mar yact i vi t i esal l owt hebusi nesst ocr eat e,mar k et ,anddel i veri t s pr oduct sandser vi cest oi t scust omer s ,aswel laspr ovi di ngpost sal esuppor t . br

Quest i on70 Notyetgr aded/1pt s HowcananAI Saddval uet ot heor gani zat i on? YourAnswer : AnAI Scani ncr easet heeffici encyandeffect i v enessoft heval uechai nbyi mpr ov i ngt hequal i t yand l ower i ngcost sofpr oduct sorser vi ces ,i mpr ovi ngeffici encyofoper at i ons,i mpr ovi ngdeci si on maki ng,enhanci ngt heshar i ngofknowl edge,i mpr ov i ngt heeffici encyandeffect i v enessofi t ssuppl y chai nandi mpr ov i ngt hei nt er nalcont r olst r uct ur e. br

Quest i on71 Notyetgr aded/1pt s Howcanawel l desi gnedAI Si mpr ov et heeffici encyandeffect i v enessofacompany ' sval uechai n? YourAnswer : TheAI Scanbedesi gnedt oal l owcust omer sdi r ectaccesst oacompany ' si nv ent or yandsal esor der ent r ys yst ems .Thi sal l owst hecust omert odomor eoft hewor kt hatt r adi t i onal l yhasbeendoneby sal es,mar ket i ng,andadmi ni st r at i onper sonnel .Thi sal l owsf orf ast eror der i ng,andcut st he company ' sl aborcost s.I tmayal sohav et heeffectofal l owi ngt hecust omermor econt r oli na pur chaset r ansact i ont hatmaybr i ngmor esat i sf act i onandval uet ot hecust omer . br

Quest i on72 Notyetgr aded/1pt s Di scusst heconceptofasy st em andt hei ssuesofgoalconfli ctandgoalcongr uence. YourAnswer : As yst em i sasetoft woormor ecomponent st hatar esomehowi nt er r el at edandi nt er actt oget hert o achi ev easpeci ficgoal .As ys t em usual l yconsi st sofsmal l ercomponent scal l edsubsy st ems.These subs yst emshav especi ficanddefinedf unct i ons,whi chi nt er actwi t handsuppor tt hel ar gersy st em. Theconceptofsy st emsi skeyt oi nf or mat i ont echnol ogyandAI S.Al l sy st ems ,i ncl udi ngt heAI S, mustwor kt oachi ev eoneormor eor gani zat i onal goal s.Goalconfli ctr esul t swhenadeci si onor act i onofasubsy st em i si nconsi st entwi t hanot hersubs yst em ort hes ys t em ( or gani z at i on)asa

whol e.Goalcongr uencer esul t swhenasubsy st em achi ev esi t sgoal swhi l econt r i but i ngt ot he or gani zat i on' sov er al lgoal .Subs yst emsshoul dmaxi mi z eor gani zat i onalgoal s . br

Quest i on73 Notyetgr aded/1pt s Di scusst hesev enchar act er i s t i csofusef uli nf or mat i on. YourAnswer : Thesev enchar act er i s t i csofusef uli nf or mat i onar e:r el ev ant ,r el i abl e,compl et e,t i mel y , under st andabl e,v er i fiabl eandaccessi bl e.Thesechar act er i st i csar equal i t i est hati nf or mat i onshoul d possesst obeusef uli nabusi nessenvi r onment .Br i eflyst at ed,i nor derf ori nf or mat i ont obeusef uli t mustbe:1-r el ev ant ,meani ngt hati tr educesuncer t ai nt yandaddst ot hedeci si onmaki ngpr ocess; 2-r el i abl ei nf or mat i oni si nf or mat i ont hati sf r eef r om er r or ,andi saccur at ei ni t snat ur e;3-compl et e i nf or mat i oni si nf or mat i ont hatdoesnotomi tanyi mpor t antdat a,f act s,oraspect saboutev ent sor act i vi t i es;4-i nf or mat i oni st i mel ywheni ti sf ul l yav ai l abl et oenabl et hedeci si onmaki ngpr ocesst o pr oceed;5-under st andabl ei nf or mat i onmustbebot hi nani nt el l i gi bl eandusef ulf or mat ;6i nf or mat i oni sconsi der edv er i fiabl ei ft wopeopl e,act i ngi ndependent l yofeachot her ,pr oducet he samei nf or mat i onort hesamer esul t s .7-I nf or mat i oni saccessi bl ei fi ti sav ai l abl et ouser swhent hey needi tandi naf or matt heycanuse. br

Quest i on74 Notyetgr aded/1pt s Ex pl ai nwhatanAI Si s,descr i bet hebasi ct ask si tper f or msi nanor gani z at i on,andgi v esome exampl esoft het ypesofaccount i ngt r ansact i onsi tpr ocesses. YourAnswer : AnAI Sconsi st sofsi xcomponent s:peopl e,pr ocedur esandi nst r uct i ons,dat a,sof t war e,i nf or mat i on t echnol ogyi nf r ast r uct ur e,andi nt er nalcont r ol sandsecur i t ymeasur es .TheAI Sper f or mst hr eemaj or f unct i ons :1)i tcol l ect sandst or esdat aaboutact i vi t i esandt r ansact i onssot hatt heor gani zat i on' s management ,empl oy ees ,andi nt er est edout si der scanr evi ewwhathashappened;2)t heAI S pr ocessesdat a( t hati s ,f act st hathav ebeencol l ect edandst or ed)i nt oi nf or mat i ont hati susef ulf or maki ngdeci si ons,andi sofv al uet ot heor gani z at i on;and3)t heAI Spr ovi desadequat econt r ol s desi gnedt osaf eguar dt heor gani zat i on' sasset s,i ncl udi ngi t sdat aandi nf or mat i on.Common exampl esofaccount i ngt r ansact i onst hatanAI Shel pst opr ocessandt r ackar et hesal esofpr oduct s t ocust omer s,cashcol l ect i ons,cashpay ment s,andt her ecor di ngandpaymentoft heempl oy ees' pay r ol l .br

Quest i on75 Notyetgr aded/1pt s Di scusst hecomponent sofasuppl ychai n. YourAnswer : Thesuppl ychai nshowshowanor gani zat i oni nt er act swi t hsuppl i er s,di st r i but or s ,andcust omer st o pr ovi dev al uei nt hepr oduct si tsel l s.Thesuppl ychai ndepi ct st hecr eat i onandsal eofapr oduct ?t he chai ni ssomewhatdi ffer entwhenaser vi cei si nvol v ed.Thesuppl ychai nhasfiv ecomponent s:r aw mat er i al s ;manuf act ur er ;di st r i but or ;r et ai l er ;andt heconsumer .Rawmat er i al scomef r om any numberofsuppl i er s,whi chi nt ur nbecomepar tofamanuf act ur i ngpr ocess,whi chpr oducesa pr oduct .Thebusi nes st henpr ovi dest hepr oductt odi st r i but or s,whoi nt ur nsel lt hepr oductt or et ai l busi nesses.Thepr oducti sul t i mat el ypur chasedandusedbyconsumer s( whomaybei ndi vi dual sor

busi nesses) .I ti si mpor t antt or eal i zet hatAI Scangr eat l yi mpactt het r adi t i onalsuppl ychai nby cr eat i ngamor eeffici entandt i mel yenvi r onmenti nwhi chabusi nesscanoper at e.Mor eeffici ent oper at i onsar emor eeffect i ve,whi chi nt ur nl ower scost s ,andaddgr eat erval ueandcr eat ei mpr ov ed cust omersat i sf act i on.

Quest i on76 Notyetgr aded/1pt s HowcananAI Sbecomepar toft hefir m' sval uechai nandaddval uet ot hebusi ness ? YourAnswer : TheAI Scanaddval ueby :hel pi ngt oi mpr ov epr oduct sandser vi cesanor gani z at i onoffer sf orsal e; i ncr easi ngt hequal i t yofpr oduct sandser vi ces;cr eat i nggr eat ereffici encybyr educi ngcost sand savi ngt i me;andi mpr ov i ngt heov er al leffici encyoft heor gani zat i on.Deci si onmaki ngi senhancedby t hebet t erav ai l abi l i t yoft i mel y ,compl et e,r el i abl e,ver i fiabl e,andr el ev anti nf or mat i on.Afir m can enj oyacompet i t i veadv ant agewi t hbet t ercust omeror der i ng,bi l l i ng,andcust omerser vi cemade possi bl ebyani mpr ov edAI S.TheAI Scanal soenhanceov er al lcommuni cat i onanduseof knowl edgei nabusi nessbymaki ngt heknowl edger eadi l yav ai l abl et oi nt er est edpar t i es.br

Quest i on77 Notyetgr aded/1pt s Howcant hev al ueoft hei nf or mat i onpr oducedbyanaccount i ngi nf or mat i ons yst em bedet er mi ned? Whatwoul dameasur ementandv er i ficat i onex per tt hi nkaboutquant i ficat i onandv er i ficat i onofsuch i nf or mat i on? YourAnswer : Awel l desi gnedAI Si mpr ov est heeffici encyandeffect i venessoft heval uechai nbyi mpr ovi ngt he qual i t yandl ower i ngt heov er al lcostofpr oduct sorser vi ces,i mpr ov i ngeffici enc yofoper at i ons, i mpr ovi ngdeci si onmaki ng,andenhanci ngt heshar i ngofknowl edge.Thesear et hebenefit sof possessi ngandusi ngi nf or mat i on.Dr awbackst opossessi ngandusi ngsuchi nf or mat i onar et he cost sofobt ai ni ngandmai nt ai ni ngsuchi nf or mat i on.Thesecost si ncl udei nv est ment si npeopl e, pr ocesses,andcomput i ngandnet wor ki nghar dwar eandsof t war eonanongoi ngbasi s.Cost soft he i nf or mat i onar equant i fiabl et osomeex t ent .Howev er ,someoft hebenefit sofusi ngt hei nf or mat i on i nv ol venumer ousest i mat esandassumpt i ons.Assuch,t hequant i ficat i onoft hebenefit sofut i l i zi ng suchi nf or mat i ondependsont heaccur acyoft heassumpt i ons . br

Quest i on78 Notyetgr aded/1pt s Whyhav eaccount i ngsof t war epackagesbeendesi gnedwi t hsepar at et r ansact i onmodul es ? YourAnswer : Si nceev er yor gani zat i ondoesnotnecessar i l yuseal l oft het r ansact i oncy cl esi ni t soper at i ons ,i ti s t ot headv ant ageoft heor gani z at i ont obeabl et o" pi ckandchoose"f r om amongv ar i oussof t war e modul est hatt r ackandr ecor ddi ffer entt r ansact i oncy cl es.Forexampl e,al awfir m woul dhav eno needt oi mpl ementapr oduct i oncy cl emodul e.Al so,t henat ur eofat r ansact i oncy cl evar i esacr oss t hebr oadspect r um ofbusi nessor gani zat i ons.Agai n,al awfir m woul dhav ear ev enuecy cl e,buti t woul dnoti nv ol v et hepur chase,r ecei pt ,andpay mentf orpr oduct sormer chandi se;l i kewi sear et ai l st or echai nmaynotsel lanyconsul t i ngser vi cest oi t scust omer s. br

Quest i on79 Notyetgr aded/1pt s Howar e" Gi v eandTak e"t r ansact i onscl assi fiedi nbusi nesst odayandwhati mpactdoest hi shav e onAI S? YourAnswer : Theconceptof" Gi v eandTake"t r ansact i onshasbeenusedt ocl assi f ybusi nesst r ansact i onsi nt o " cy cl es"t hathav est ar t i ngpoi nt s,pr ocesses ,andendpoi nt s( orcl osur e) .Themaj or i t yofbusi ness t r ansact i onscanbecl assi fiedasr ev enue,expendi t ur e,humanr esour ces( payr ol l ) ,pr oduct i on,and financi ngcy cl es.AI Shasbeenmodel edaf t ert heset r ansact i oncy cl est oachi ev ei t sbasi cf unct i ons ofcol l ect i ngandpr ocessi ngdat a,pr ovi di ngi nf or mat i onusef ulf ordeci si onmaki ng,andest abl i shi ng adequat econt r ol s . br...