Task 2 survey to world history PDF

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task 2 of survey to world history / roman empire / geographic feature /...

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A1: A significant geographic feature of ancient Greece was being on the edge of the Mediterranean Seas coastline. With deep rocky valleys along the sea, the soil was poor which made it hard to grow crops. The access that Greece had to the Mediterranean Sea was a great resource they used to trade goods with other civilizations such as wine, olives and pottery. Trading goods helped spread their Greek culture throughout surrounding continents. (Acrobatiq, 2017) (Newsela Staff, 2017) A2: Rome had a significant geographic feature as well; it was the fertile farmland the terrain provided for the Roman farmers. The farmers grew wheat, rye, barley, grapes and olives. Roman society was shaped by the hard efforts put forth by the farmers that grew their crops on the fertile ground of Rome. The crops were traded along the Mediterranean Sea to help conquer new territories. The wheat and barley that they harvested was used as payment for taxes that were owed to the government. (Acrobatiq, 2017) (Cylest Hacker, N.D) B: There were many cultural characteristics for ancient Rome, one being the architecture. The Romans built magnificent buildings of great size for their temples, libraries, gymnasiums and coliseums. Not only is the architecture well-built and has stood for many years but also beautiful to look at. Some of the buildings are still there today and draw in many tourists to see the architecture. They were made of marble, travertine white limestone, and lime mortar was used to make concrete that could support such heavy weight. Mark Cartwright. (2018) (Newsela Staff, 2017) (Acrobatiq, 2017) A second cultural characteristic of Rome was the art. The art of Rome consisted of murals, paintings, sculpture, portraits and mosaics and much more. Rome was a very vast land and the art had elements of Egyptian, Greek and Etruscan cultures spread throughout the art they created. Like the architecture, the art draws in tourists from all over the world to see the great art of Rome. Mark Cartwright. (2018) (Newsela Staff, 2017) (Acrobatiq, 2017) Dr. Jessica Leay Ambler,(2015)

Greece has many cultural characteristics one of them being their religious beliefs. The Greeks were polythetic and worshiped the Olympian gods. They told stories of these gods and the myths were passed down from generation to generation. Art and literature also told the stories of the gods. Sacrifices were made to honor the gods with pigs, goats, sheep and cow. Temples were built for worshipping one specific god and often had a statue of the god.

Mark Cartwright. (2018) (Acrobatiq, 2017) Secondly, the Greek tragedy(theatre) was another cultural characteristic of ancient Greece. Dionysos was the god of the theatre; songs were sung in form of worship. The plays were performed in an open theatre and free to attend. Theatre was an art form that had citizenship, duty, and traditions of mythology in the plays. The actor of the play would wear a costume and a mask to impersonate the god they were acting out. Three speaking actors were allowed to be on stage with as many non-speaking actors as needed. The theatre would eventually spread across the Mediterranean Sea and become a common feature other parts of the world and would become a form of entertainment up to the present day. Mark Cartwright. (2016) (Acrobatiq, 2017) C1: Emperor Augustus (27 BCE-14 CE) was born Gaius Octavius Thurinus on the 23Rd of September 63 BCE. Adopted by his great-uncle Julius Caesar, he took the name Gaius Julius Caesar. Later the senate would award him with the Augustus, then he would be known as Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus. One of his most significant contributions in the Roman Empire was the financial system he established. To better his empire Caesar Augustus reformed the tax system by creating two new taxes that replaced tax farming, the poll tax and the land tax. Each of these taxes would have a significant roll in the development of the empire. (Anirudh, 2016) (Joshua J. Mark, 2018) (Acrobatiq, 2017) Justinian I was born around 482 CE in Tauresium, a village of Illyria. Adopted by his uncle, Justin, brought him to Constantinople to ensure he got an education. Justinian was a close advisor to Justin during his reign. He became commander of the army 521 CE and in 525 CE married Theodora. He would later become the emperor of the Byzantine Empire . One of Justinian’s most significant contribution was his work as a codifier and legislator. Justinian wanted to rule out corruption and have easily accessible justice. He had a team of legal experts gather the legal notes, commentaries and laws all together and remove any contradictory laws; this would be known as the Codex Justinianus. Published in 529 CE and later revised in 534 CE. The code had four books, Codex Constitutionum, Digesta, (or Pandectae,) Institutiones, and Novellae Constitutiones Post Codicem. The code would bring law and order back to the Byzantine Empire. (Will Wyeth, 2012) (Acrobatiq, 2017) (Britannica, T, 2019)

C2: The Roman Empire had a large amount of territory and power. Through many rulers and many centuries it would become the greatest empire and is where we get the saying “Rome wasn’t built in a day.” Their methods of expansion were warfare, and economic growth. The Romans were always in a state of war and had a

powerful army to defend and defeat other states for land they wanted. Economic growth was another way the Romans expanded their empire. The start of Rome’s economy was agriculture, then roads were built to further the trade routes and eventually led to their own currency called the denarius (small silver coin). (Steven Schroeder,N.D) (Acrobatiq, 2017) C3: Rome was first occupied by the Etruscan. A monarch with a line of seven kings, who had power for over two centuries. The Romans displaced the monarchy system and fixed the Roman Republic. The social classes of the Roman Republic were patricians and plebians. Patricians were the wealthy class with titles in government and plebians were the general commoners who would later be able to hold positions in office. It was when civil wars began between Octavian and Mark Antony that The Roman Republic became The Roman Empire. There were many reasons that are the result the collapse of the Empire; Barbarians invaded, a growing economic crisis was on the rise, and the spread of Christianity were many reasons why the great empire fell. (Ducksters, 2021) (Gregory Aldrete, 2020) (Acrobatiq, 2017) (Evan Andrews, 2019)

Reference list: Acrobatiq. (2017). Survey of world history. Retrieved from https://wgunx.acrobatiq.com/courseware/contents/wh_apr14 Ancient History Encyclopedia. Newsela Staff (2017) https://resources.finalsite.net/images/v1584287106/brockton/wie8ztk3dtsupbyimmy k/lib-trade-ancient-greece-33383-article_and_quiz.pdf Cylest Hacker. Ancient Rome Geography. (n.d). retrieved from https://ancientcivilizations-rome.weebly.com/geography.html Mark Cartwright. Roman Architecture. (2018).retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/Roman_Architecture/ Dr. Jessica Leay Ambler, "Introduction to ancient Roman art," in Smarthistory, August 8, 2015, accessed July 28, 2021, https://smarthistory.org/introduction-toancient-roman-art/ Mark Cartwright. Ancient Greece religion. (2018). Retrieved from. https://www.worldhistory.org/Greek_Religion/ Mark Cartwright. Ancient Greece Theatre. (2016). Retrieved from. https://www.worldhistory.org/Greek_Theatre/ Anirudh. 10 major accomplishments of Augustus Caesar. 2016. Retrieved from. https://learnodo-newtonic.com/augustus-accomplishments

Joshua J. Mark. Augustus. 2018. retrieved from. https://www.worldhistory.org/augustus/ Will Wyeth. Justinian I. 2012. Retrieved from. https://www.worldhistory.org/Justinian_I/ Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2019, August 27). Code of Justinian. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Code-ofJustinian Copy Citation Steven Schroeder .The Roman Republic. N.D. Retrieved from. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/ancient-medieval/romanempire/a/roman-republic#:~:text=Rome%20was%20able%20to%20gain,of %20Rome%20and%20Roman%20culture. Ducksters. (2021). Ancient Rome: Republic to Empire. Ducksters. Retrieved from https://www.ducksters.com/history/ancient_rome/republic_to_empire.php Gregory Aldrete. Why did the Roman Empire Fall?. 2020. Retrieved from. https://www.thegreatcoursesdaily.com/why-did-the-roman-empire-fall/ Evan Andrews. 8 Reasons why Rome fell. 2019. Retrieved from. https://www.history.com/news/8-reasons-why-rome-fell...