Temporomandibular Joint Worksheet PDF

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Summary

TMJ joint worksheet ...

Description

Temporomandibular Joint 1) Label the following picture of the TMJ. Articular tubercle

mandibular fossa

Articular disk

Mandibular condyle

2) Locate and palpate the TMJ on a classmate. To locate the joint place the tips of your index fingers anterior to your classmate’s ear. Ask your classmate to open his / her mouth. Your fingertips should fit into the joint space as your classmate’s mouth opens.

3) Get your classmate to open and close his / her mouth slowly a few times. Feel for the movements of rotation and translation. Normally the mouth can open enough to fit three knuckles (proximal IPJs) into the mouth.

Early phase: mandible condyle rolls posteriorly Late phase: condyle performs an anterior translation (slide)

4) What is the term used to describe the process of chewing, tearing and grinding of food with the teeth? _________________Mastication _________________________________________________________________ 5) What bony landmarks contribute to the TMJ? ___condylar process of the mandible, mandibular fossa, articular tubercle, _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________

6) The TMJ has a rich nerve supply. As a result pathology and trauma of the joint can be very painful. Pain originating in the TMJ can also be referred to other areas such as the neck and head. When examining the TMJ the following motions are observed. Observe these motions on a classmate. Motion Protrusion (Protraction)

Retrusion (Retraction)

Lateral Excursion

Depression

Elevation

Description Anterior translation of the mandible. This is an important part of opening the mouth. Posterior translation of the mandible. This is important for closing the mouth. This occurs when the mandible translates from side to side. This motion is used for grinding food. Depression of the mandible opens the mouth. Elevation of the mandible closes the mouth.

Normally the articular disc translates anteriorly along with the mandibular condyle. The articular disc repositions itself into the joint as the mandible retrudes.

Rotation and translation among mandibular condyle, articular disc and fossa. Rotation and translation among mandibular condyle, articular disc and fossa.

7) Review the Muscles of Mastication

Muscle

Proximal Attachment

Masseter Zygomatic arch and bone

Distal Attachment Angle and ramus of mandible

Nerve Supply

Action

Trigeminal nerve (cranial V)

Prime mover of jaw closure – elevates mandible Closes jaw; Elevates and retracts mandible; maintains position of mandible at rest Protracts mandible and promotes side to side grinding movements

Temporalis

Temporal Fossa

Coronoid process of mandible

Trigeminal nerve

Medial Pterygoid

Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone, maxilla and palatine bone

Medial surface of mandible near its angle

Trigeminal nerve

Lateral Pterygoid

Greater wing and lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

Condylar process of mandible and capsule of TMJ joint

Trigeminal nerve

Provides side to side grinding movements and protracts mandible.

8) Observe the primary motions of the TMJ on a classmate. Record the Range of Motion (using a ruler) and compare this with the normal ranges. Complete the following table. Range of Motion Protrusion Jutting the chin forward Retrusion

Normal Range 8mm

Observed Range 10mm

Unusual Observational Findings? 2mm above normal range

Lateral Excursion Lef Lateral Excursion Right Depression Mouth opening

Elevation Mouth closing

10-12 mm >7mm 10-12 mm >7mm 35-50 mm 3 patient fingers Related to patient height

10mm 10mm 60

10mm above average

same...