Transportation multiple choice Q&A PDF

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Transportation multiple choice Q&A...

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1. During the rolling thin film oven test, bitumen is exposed to air at 163deg C for 75min. [True] 2. The dynamic viscosity of the road grade can be determined by measuring stresses within the pavement [False] 3. An emulsion is a combination of water and binder only [False] 4. The marshal stability of an asphalt mix is usually expressed in mm [False] 5. Polar molecules provide the viscous properties and non-polar molecules provide the elastic properties in bitumen [False] 6. The ductility of bitumen can be determined using the ring and ball apparatus [False] 7. Cutback modified binder’ adhesion to aggregates can be improved by reducing the film thickness of the binder layer [False] 8. Drums containing emulsions should not be rolled before use [False] 9. Emulsions should only be heated a few hours before application [True] 10. Where binders are stored for long periods above their application temperature no less in quality will occur [False] 11. Anionic or cationic emulsions can be mixed in the same tanker [False] 12. Fire or explosion can occur if LPG burners are used to heat pipelines or pumps when handling cutback bitumen [True] 13. Smoking, naked lights or use of cell phones is permitted within 15m of any vehicle when filling or circulating bitumen or changing LPG bottles. [True] 14. The chemical and physical properties of bitumen are dependent upon the rude oil source it is derived from [True] 15. Semi-solid bodies (resins) act as dispersing agents for asphaltenes [True] 16. Modified binders are preferred over conventional binders in remote areas where improved durability is required [True] 17. The purpose of adding cutters to modified bitumen us to soften the binder and prevent stone loss [True] 18. The constitution of bitumen has a huge effect on the viscosity and temperature susceptibility of the material [True] 19. Increasing the asphaltene content produces a harder, more viscous binder [True] 20. The temperature of hot bitumen is usually above the boiling point of water [True] 21. Cutback bitumen will not ignite or explode in the presence of a flame, spark or hot object [False] 22. Excessively low temperatures in conjunction with rapid loading may cause failure and cracking [True] 23. An emulsion prevents bitumen droplets from sticking together [True] 24. The four main grades of emulsions produced in S.A are spray, rapid-setting, stable mix and quick setting [True] 25. Practitioners need to know the cohesive properties of modified binders so that a seal is not opened prematurely after construction. [True] 26. Suitable foam, dry powder or CO2 fire extinguishers must be on hand when transporting or transferring bitumen [True] 27. In confined spaces, vapours from bitumen products can be a health hazard and may displace oxygen and cause suffocation [True] 28. Persons entering spaces where bitumen has been stored do not have to wear full PPE and fresh air breathing masks as the storage space is well ventilated [False] 29. Emulsions should only be heated a few hours before application. [True] 30. Define the acronym SAML [Stress absorbing membrane interlayer]

31. The constitution of bitumen has a huge effect on the viscosity and temperature susceptibility of the material [true] 32. Define SAMI [Stress Absorbing Membrane Interlayer] 33. Air blowing bitumen from a given vacuum residue affects the bitumen’s chemical groups; it results in a [significant increase in the asphaltenes and significant increase in aromatics while satrates and resins remain constant] 34. The difference between a bitumen emulsion and invert bitumen emulsion is that [a bitumen emulsion is when the emulsion is dispersed into water and an invert emulsion is dispersed conversely] 35. An emulsion prevents bitumen droplets from sticking together [true] 36. Practitioners need to know the cohesive properties of modified binders so that a seal is not opened prematurely after construction. [T  rue] 37. On relatively soft bases, such as those constructed with natural gravel or emulsion treated gravel where [ significant embedment of the surfacing stone is likely, good results will be obtained if inverted double seals are used] 38. In wetter areas it is desirable to use a surfacing which is as impermeable as possible, to [prevent ingress of water into the underlying layers and to prevent the possibility of stripping of the binder in the surfacing itself] 39. On steep gradients where traffic imposes great stresses on the seal surfacing the choice of surfacing type and the design are most critical. Under these conditions [high viscosity binders are used with precoated stone and finished off with a fog spray or seals in which the stone particles are firmly held in place by slurry, and will perform better.] 40. Propose a surfacing for a road in a developed residential area which is flat and regular maintenance is performed with an expected traffic volume of 4000 ELV/lane/day. [ S4 (13)] 41. Select the correct statement around acceptable loading conditions for a wearing course [An asphalt surfacing is usually recommend for roads carrying more than 20 000 ELV] 42. Which of the binder related factors below does not affect the performance of a seal: [ALD at time of application] 43. Select a statement below which does not accurately describe the shape, nominal size and grading of material in a seal [The shape and size also affect the ALD of stone in a seal and the ability of the seal to displace surface water] 44. The condition of the existing surface is quantified by visual assessment of defects as well as by measurements of surface occurrences such as[Texture depth values and variations give an indication of the additional binder required owing to the surface texture and may indicate the need for texture treatment.] 45. In the treatment of a victim suffering from bitumen burns, cover burn areas with a sterile paraffin burn dressing 46. The associated waste products resulting from the cleaning up of spillages of modified bitumen occurring during product transfer such as spraying must be collected and disposed of at a legal waste disposal site. 47. When spillages of modified bitumen occur during product transfer such as spraying, these spillages must be c leaned Up. 48. In the treatment of a victim suffering from bitumen burns, p  our cold water over burned areas 49. The “service temperature’ of modified binders are the temperatures which occur between the s oftening point and the fragility point. 50. Classify the bituminous binder if it delivers an average laboratory test result of 92 dmm (depth). 80/100 penbit

51. The viscosity test is a broader indicator of the behaviour of bitumen than the Penetration Test because viscosity can measure the maximum bitumen application and operating temperatures. 52. The viscosity test is a broader indicator of the behaviour of bitumen than the Penetration Test because viscosity measures stress and strain of the binder. 53. By measuring the viscosity of bitumen at different temperatures we can measure the temperature susceptibility of bitumen. 54. A surface seal designer would be trying to improve flexibility, resilience and toughness by using a modifier. [TRUE] 55. A force-ductility test is performed on a modified binder to determine the cohesive strength of the bitumen. [TRUE] 56. The properties of bitumen are dependent upon the crude oil source it is derived from. [TRUE] 57. The four main grades of emulsions produced in South Africa are spray, rapid setting, stablemix, and quick setting.[ FALSE] 58. Temperature and time-related conditions affect the aging of bitumen binders. [TRUE] 59. Polar molecules provide the viscous properties and Non-polar molecules provide the elastic properties in bitumen. [FALSE] 60. Semi-solid bodies act as spreading agents for the asphaltenes. [TRUE] 61. Conventional binders are preferred over modified binders in remote areas where improved durability is required. [FALSE.] 62. Practitioners need to know the cohesive properties of modified binders so that a seal is not opened prematurely after construction. [TRUE] 63. At a given temperature, an increase in the number of asphaltenes will result in an increase in the binders viscosity. [TRUE] 64. The purpose of adding cuttecutters to modified bitumen is to soften the binder and prevent stone loss. [TRUE] 65. Before the application of a tack coat [All dust, grit, debris should be removed by mechanical and manual brooming] 66. A prime coat would need to bind the finer particles in the base course [to accommodate light traffic for a short period until the new surfacing can be placed.] 67. Examples of precoating binders are [MC3000 AND 150/200 with petroleum cutters] 68. Primes are not suitable to act as curing membranes because [They do not prevent the loss of moisture and they reduce carbonisation of 69. cementitious stabilised layers.] 70. Select the statement which best describes why oil in water type emulsions are not preferred as primes [Inability to penetrate dense base materials] 71. Viscosity is measured at [Inability to penetrate dense base materials] 72. The dynamic viscosity test measures for [Shear strain] 73. The softening point test indicates the capacity of a particular bitumen to perform adequately [at high in-service temperature] 74. Which binder is contained in micro-surfacing but not in slurry seals which makes it more suitable for overlays, texture improvements and rut filling?[Penetration Grade Bitumen] 75. Identify the difference between a premix grade and a stable mix grade. [A premix grade is a more stable emulsion formulated to be more suitable for mixing with medium or coarse graded aggregate when the percent aggregate passing the 0.075 mm sieve does not exceed 2%.]

76. Identify the difference between a bitumen emulsion and an invert emulsion [the water is dispersed in the binder phase] 77. Where binders are stored for long periods above their application temperature no loss in quality will occur.[False] 78. Blends of penetration grade bitumen and slow, medium or rapid curing solvents which determines the rate at which the bitumen will cure when exposed to air is termed[cutback bitumen] 79. A bituminous material consisting of bitumen and modifiers; which improves rheological properties of bitumen is termed[polymer modified bitumen] 80. What does it mean if a proposed 150/200 Penetration Grade bitumen delivers an average lab test result of 125 dmm?[the sample contains compounds that might lead to oxidation and affect durabilty] 81. Anionic or Cationic emulsion can be mixed in the same tanker [False] 82. Penetration of road grade bitumen can be classified according to ______ and ________ [hardness and consistency] 83. Fire or explosion can occur if LPG burners are used to heat pipelines or pumps when handling cutback bitumen.[True] 84. The dynamic viscosity of road grade bitumen can be determined by measuring stresses within the pavement [False] 85. An emulsion is a combination of water and binder only. [False] 86. At elevated temperatures and long duration long duration loads bitumen will act as a 87. ______________ and undergo ____________].[viscous fluid and undergo plastic deformation] 88. What does it mean when bitumen is described as visco=elastic [ the bitumen can be viscous and semi-solid being dependant upon the temperature or duration of loading] 89. The method used for determining binder content of emulsion is [Dean and Stark Method] 90. Polar molecules provide the viscous properties and Non-polar molecules provide the elastic properties in bitumen.[S  hear] 91. Which statement is true? The main reasons for modifying a bitumen are to [lower its softening point to improve workability. increase the elastic component of the bitumen relative to the viscous component.] 92. Which two test are applicable for road grade (pen grade) bitumen [ softening point and viscosity] 93. The constitution of the bitumen has a huge effect on the viscosity and temperature susceptibility of the material. [True] 94. Which statement is correct [The higher the viscosity of a cutback, the lower will be the solvent content] 95. When comparing an MC30 to an MC3000, the following of the former is true [It has a lower resistance to flow, It requires less heating to bring it to spraying temperatures, Used for priming of bituminous surfaces] 96. The purpose of adding cutters to modified bitumen is to soften the binder and prevent stone loss [True] 97. Which binder will you use for a stone seal in warm conditions?[80/100] 98. The penetration test for penetration grade bitumen is performed correctly under the following conditions for temperature, load and time [25oC, 100g, 10s] 99. The temperature of hot bitumen is usually above the boiling point of water.[True] 100. When applying a force to a bitumen sample, the liquid in response moves very quickly; it is termed as having[low viscosity]

101. An emulsion where the water is dispersed in the bitumen is termed _____________________.[Invert bitumen emulsion] 102. A process in which the components of a substance or liquid mixture are separated by heating it to a certain temperature and condensing the resulting vapours; further non-volatile components are separated from volatile ones are termed [Distillation] 103. Smoking, naked lights or the use of cell phones is permitted within 15m of any vehicle when filling or circulating bitumen or changing LPG bottles[T  rue] 104. Excessively low temperatures in conjunction with rapid loading may cause [brittle failure and cracking] 105. The chemical and physical properties of Bitumen are dependent upon the crude oil source it is derived from [T  rue] 106. Increasing the asphaltene content produces a harder, more viscous binder. [True] 107. If a positive test result is obtained after completing a Spot Test, how can this result be interpreted?[The sample contains compounds that might lead to oxidation and affect durability.] 108. Cutback bitumen will not ignite or explode in the presence of a flame, spark or hot object. [False] 109. Modified binders are preferred over conventional binders in remote areas where improved durability is required [True] 110. The Marshall Stability of an asphalt mix is usually expressed in mm. [False] 111. What test does not measure consistency of road grade bitumen under normal service conditions?[Penetration Test] 112. Semi-solid bodies (Resins) act as dispersing agents for the asphaltenes. [True] 113. The difference between a bitumen emulsion and an invert bitumen emulsion is that [a bitumen emulsion is when the emulsion is dispersed into water and an invert 114. emulsions are dispersed conversely.] 115. Emulsions should only be heated a few hours before application [false] 116. During the Rolling Thin Film Oven Test, bitumen is exposed to air at 163deg C for 75minutes. [True] 117. The binder has the ability to retain elasticity in the face of long durations of abnormal load, in relation to temperature and stiffness is defined as _______ and __________ [Viscoelasticity and plasticity/durability] 118. An emulsifier prevents droplets from sticking together [True] 119. The higher the viscosity of a cutback, the lower the solvent content [True] 120. The manufacture of bitumen emulsions beings with the heating of the bitumen [True] 121. The four main grades of emulsions produced in south africa are spray, rapid-setting, stablemix and quick setting[False] 122. What does flash point indicate [the temperature at which bitumen may be safely transported sp that the necessary requirements are met]...