Understanding Culture Society and Politics PDF

Preview

Summary

UnderstandingCulture, Societyand PoliticsIntroductory MessageFor the Facilitator:Welcome to the Understanding Culture, Society and Politics for Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module. This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private ...

Description

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics Nature, Goals and Perspectives in Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science Understanding Culture, Society and Politics Nature, Goals and Perspectives in Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Writer: Editors: Reviewers: Illustrators: Layout Artists: Management Team:

Armando D. Ison Alfred James A. Ellar, James Angelo T. Año Leonardo C. Cargullo, Yolanda DC. Lumanog, Asher H. Pasco, Jesusa L. Partosa, Alfonso V. Mabuting, Johncent Roy C. Tibordo Shiela Mae L. Ortiz, Maria Babylyn B. Nevalga, Armando D. Ison Allan Gilbert M. Jain, Maria Cristina F. Lim, Armando D. Ison Wilfredo E. Cabral, Job S. Zape Jr., Elaine T. Balaogan, Doris DJ. Estalilla, Daisy Z. Miranda, Laura O. Garcia, Ma. Criscel R. Negosa, Yolanda DC. Lumanog, Maria Heidi Alaine T. Nietes

Department of Education – Region IV-A CALABARZON Office Address: Gate 2 Karangalan Village, Barangay San Isidro Cainta, Rizal 1800 Telefax: 02-8682-5773/8684-4914/8647-7487 E-mail Address: [email protected]

Introductory Message For the Facilitator: Welcome to the Understanding Culture, Society and Politics for Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module. This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to as sist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the Learner: Welcome to the Understanding Culture, Society and Politics for Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module. The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands! This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: What I Need to Know

What I Know

What’s In

What’s New

What is It

What’s More

This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the module.

This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100% ), you may decide to skip this module.

This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation.

This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson. What I Can Do

Assessment

Additional Activities

This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns.

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning competency.

In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key

This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References

This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.

1

1

What I Need to Know This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the nature of Understanding Culture Society and Politics. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. The module is about the Nature, Goals and Perspectives in Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science After going through this module, you are expected to: 1. Identify the nature, goals, and perspectives in anthropology, sociology and political science; 2. Recognize the concepts and the subjects of inquiries of anthropology, sociology and political science; and 3. Appreciate the importance of the goals of anthropology, sociology and political science.

What’s In Before you proceed, go back with some of the important concepts about culture that is the main focus of the discussion. Learning Task 1: #Walang Forever – Change is inevitable because it is the law of nature. Similarly, society does not remain static. It changes, as the world continues to change, most especially with the advent of new discoveries in science and technology. It is not new to us how our ways of life before is no longer the ways of life of today’s generation. People should be open for changes. It is very important that we understand and accept the challenges these changes are imposing on us and recognize all the factors that brought these changes. Since change is already happening at present, let us realize how social change occurs because of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Tell the changes on some aspects of your life by completing the table below. Before COVID-19 Way of life View of the world Priorities in life

Relationships with others

2

During COVID-19

Answer the following question: 1. Can we consider these changes as examples of social change? Why or why not? 2. What are the roles of government in protecting us from the harmful effects of this pandemic? 3. Aside from the government, how do you think other sectors of the community like schools, churches, and industries, can cope with these changes? 4. What are your fears related to this unexpected event in your life? How do you deal with your worries during this time of COVID-19 pandemic?

What’s New Learning Task 2: #PIN-POINT

Using the given illustration above, identify the concepts that you can relate to culture, society and politics.

Culture

Society

Politics

After doing the activity, give your own definition of culture, society and politics. Culture __________________________________________________________________________________ Society _________________________________________________________________________________ Politics __________________________________________________________________________________

3

What is It In this part of your journey, we provide something for you to deepen your understanding about culture. Please continue reading with comprehension as you discover further knowledge that will help you out in your quest on the remaining phases of this lesson. Since our course is Understanding Culture, Society and Politics, we can deepen our understanding of ourselves as members of society by studying these three specialized fields, namely: anthropology for culture, sociology for society and political science for politics A lot of us are likely confused with the difference between sociology and anthropology. Confusion might come from their commonalities as the two are dealing with society and culture. Both of them study human behavior and the different factors that affects our social relations. Since these two fields are most likely similar to each other, let us first draw out its differences To find out the difference between anthropology and sociology, let us study the similar and various concepts between each field below: Anthropology Answers the question..

What does human?

it

Sociology

mean to

be

What are the things that you think influence your life?

Who are you?

Where did it start?

How do we study society?

Where do you come from?

What is life to people living in places with different culture and behavior?

Anthropology started as a science during the time of exploration when European countries started to colonize what they considered as primitive societies where people were believed to be savages and barbaric.

Sociology emerged as an academic field right at the height of Industrial Revolution in Europe which mobilized the entire population in a way that had never been before in human history. These era had brought great changes in the way people live in a society.

Sociology started as the study of Let it be clear that anthropology European society by European started as the study of nonpeople (inward). European people by European people (outward).

During their colonial encounter with these people, Europeans

4

During that time, emerging institutions arose and replaced the old ones such as how science was taking over religion, when the

started to make a written records about non-Europeans. They focus on kinship, language, race, religion, cultural perceptions, and others.

reign of kings and queens fell down, and when the era of feudalism had ended. People saw the importance of studying these emerging institutions and how they started and what impact they could make to an individual and the new society in general.

Who started this field?

Franz Boas –considered as the father of modern American anthropology. His study led to the doctrine of “historical particularism,” where he stated that each society is considered as having a unique form of culture that cannot be understood under an overall definiton of general culture.

Auguste Comte – French philosopher and mathematician. He coined the term sociology. He saw the need for a systematic science of studying society and in dealing with the solution of its basic problems.

Concept

Anthroplogy is the study of Sociology is the study of society, people and their culture. patterns of social interactions, and culture of everyday life. It uses a special research Unlike anthropology, the method known as ethnography knowledge created by sociology is in which antropologists are used to understand one’s own required to live with their society. subject of study for a long use qualitative period of time in order to make Sociologists their writings more reliable and research method in doing their credible. studies.

Subjects of Inquiry

Biological anthropology refers to the study of human origins (genetics, race, evolutions, fossils, primates).

Anything in a society that influences people’s lives can be subjects of inquiry, like different social phenomena, issues, and problems.

Cultural anthropolog y is the study of living people (religion, social system, language, Sociologists can also look into clothing, foods, beliefs, things that influence life like traditions, etc). family background, socioLinguistics is the study of economic status, ethnicity, social language, its evolution, its classes, religion, gender, beliefs, connection to other languages, traditions, norms, among others. and others. Some fields are social Archeology refers to the study organization, social psychology, of dead culture (religion, social applied sociology, and human system, language, how they ecology.

5

dress, foods, beliefs, traditions, etc).

Goals

The goals of anthropology are The goals of Sociology are the the following: following: -

-

-

-

-

See the commonalities among people (tradition, language, kinship, etc). Look at what makes us the same to understand more about human nature. Discover what makes people different from each other in order to understand and preserve diversity. Produce new knowledge and new theories about mankind and behavior. Look at one’s own culture more objectively.

-Obtain possible theories and principles about society as well as various aspects of social life. - Study the nature of humanity to further examine our roles within a society. - Appreciate that all things in society are interdependent. - Expose our minds to different perspectives in attaining truth.

After finding out the difference between anthropology and sociology, let us now proceed with another discipline in social science that plays another important role in our life. Politics impacts our lives directly or indirectly, whether we are aware of its effects or not. If there is a crime that took place, we call a police, and this scheme is part of government. If there was a fire that occured, we call the fire department, and that’s also a part of government. Military is government as well, let alone our civil liberty and our rights which have influences on us daily. In school, you were asked to read by heart the Constitution. When you are apprehended by an authority, you asked your violation and insisted on your legal rights. Even inside your house, there are still set of rules that are being enforced and followed. All these things are related to a field called Political Science. Description/Explanation Origin

-

Concepts

Subjects of Inquiry

Goals

-

The study of political science was started by the ancient Greeks. Aristotle on his book “Politics” stated that Man is a political animal. It means that it is our nature to live in a society and to have power over another. Political Science is the systematic study of government, politics, and political power. It is often defined as who gets what, when, where and how. political theory, philosopy and different political ideologies public management human rights international relations and foreign policies Make people a better citizens.

6

-

Keep social order and harmony among different group of people. Protect the rights of an individual. Avoid conflict and promote cooperation.

-

What’s More Learning Task 3:

#MY PERSONAL SOCIAL MAP

Find your own social location by creating your own social map. Fill up every important feature given on each elf better. Race

igion

Social class

pe of community (urban/rural)

Gender

guage/Dialect

Answer the following questions 1. What do you think is the r social location in your own society? 2. How do the following features (race, gender, religion, class, etc.) affect you in pursuing your present and future plans? Do they provide opportunities or serve as constraints? 3. How does government respond to the needs of those people who belong to the same social location where you are located right now? Learning Task 4: Archaeology is a branch of anthropology that studies the culture of dead people. Archaeologists rely on the pieces of evidence that they exhumed from discovered old cities and civilizations. We learn many things about our past based on their findings. Today, people can store information digitally and put it in formats that can last for a long period. In relation, let us do an activity by describing yourself to the future generation through clues about you and the present society where you live. As a student of this generation, you are tasked to make a historical footprint of your contemporary society so that people of future generations will understand how people of today lived, and what their personality, values, set of beliefs, and ideas were. You have to provide them with one written evidence that describes your society and two objects with explanation that represent your present society. Description of your society __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________

7

Drawing or picture of two objects that represent your society with explanation

What I Have Learned Learning Task 5: “T-M-L Phrase Complete the following phrases. The Topic was about ______________________________________________________________________ It Matters because ______________________________________________________________________

I’ve Learned today that ______________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do Learning Task 6: Photo Analysis of Social Issues Issue/Problem

Discipline/s in social science you will use for the problem/issue

Based on the picture below, identify the major social issue or problem that affects our society today. Explain how the disciplines of anthropology, sociology, and political science help us in addressing this issue.

Assessment Directions: Read the following items carefully. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer on a separate sheet of paper. For numbers 1-4, identify the branch of science described in each item. Choose your answer from the given choices below: a. Anthropology

b. Political Science

c. Sociology

1. Its goal is to look for the similarities and differences among the culture of societies around the world. In doing so, we could be able to understand more

8

about human nature, and be more tolerant on other people’s behavior and actions. 2. This is the study of society, patterns of social interactions, and culture of everyday life. 3. Its main concern is to learn how to use power over others to maintain social order and harmony among citizens. 4. If we want to know why certain social phenomena happened, such as the television program Eat Bulaga’s Kalyeserye ga...