Unit 21 Exercise 21-3 Procedure 1 PDF

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HW CH 21...

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Procedure 1 Time to Trace! In this exercise, you will be tracing two invaders: bacteria in the extracellular fluid that enter the lymphatic vessels a virus-infected cells that enter the blood. To keep things simple, you will trace the main pathway and the main immun response to the invading organism. Do note, however, that the actual response is much more complex, and your inst may wish you to include more information. You are provided with hints and the number of steps you should aim to include for each organism, but you will likely want to consult your book for more help. After you have completed th

Start: bacteria in the extracellular fluid ➜ bacteria damage local macrophages and damaged macrophages release

inflammatory mediators ________________________________ that attract neutrophils ___________________________ to the area ➜ these cells phagocyt the bacteria ____________________________________________________ ➜ bacteria enter lymph capillaries ➜ bacteria travel nodes through lymph-collecting _____________________________ vessels then enter lymphatic organs calledlymph __________________________ ➜ bacteria encounter macrophages in these organs ➜ macrophagesingest/phagocytose ____________________________________ bacte

cells ➜ macrophages present antigens to B lymphocytes, which differentiate intoplasma __________________ cells that prolifera bacteria antigens and secrete proteins calledantibodies ___________________________________________, whichbind __________________________ ______________________________ End

mediator Start: virus-infected cells in the blood ➜ viruses damage tissue and damaged cells releaseinflammatory ______________________ that attract local cells that reside in the tissue calledphagocytes _____________________________________________ ➜ these ce

mediators release additionalinflammatory ___________________________ and chemicals calledprogens ___________________________ ➜ inflamma and fever begin ➜ virus-infected cells enter the blood ➜ virus-infected cells in the blood encounter macrophages in th lymphatic organ called thespleen ____________________________ ➜ macrophagesingest ____________________________ infect cells ➜ macrophages present antigens toCD4 __________________ T cells ➜ this group of T cells proliferates and secrete

cytokines __________________________________ , which activate CD8 _________________________________ T cells ➜ this group of T cells lyse ________________________________ and Destroy ________________________________ infected cells End...