Vancouver Referencing Guide July 2020 PDF

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Vancouver Referencing Guide July 2020 - clear guide...

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Last updated July 2020

This style guide is primarily for students doing assignments at Curtin University, not for those publishing in the Vancouver style. If you are publishing, please consult: AMA Manual of Style: a guide for authors and editors. 10th ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2007. For further information on this style, please see: Citing Medicine: the NLM style guide for authors, editors, and publishers It is important that you check the assignment guide of your department or school as some details, such as punctuation, may vary from guidelines provided in this guide. You may be penalised for not conforming to your School’s requirements.

Guide contents:

Page

Citing in-text Compiling a reference list Journal title abbreviations Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) Author variations No author One to six authors Six or more authors Corporate author Authors citing other authors

2 3

Books Book Chapter in an edited book Dictionary or encyclopedia Thesis Conference paper

Page 7

4

Reference components & examples Journal and news articles Journal article Newspaper article

5

Health resources Australian Medicines Handbook (AMH) MIMS Drug database Cochrane review eTG (Therapeutic guidelines) UpToDate

6

Internet Entire website Web page Lecture notes

10

Reports and legislation Government or organisation report Australian Bureau of Statistics Act of Parliament Case

12

Audiovisual Media Video on the Internet Podcast

13

For further examples see Citing Medicine.

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Numbering in the Vancouver style In the Vancouver style, a consecutive number is allocated to each reference as it is cited for the first time in the text of the assignment (i.e. the first citation that appears in-text is number one, the next unique citation that appears in-text is number two and so on). This number becomes the unique identifier of that source and if the source is cited again in-text, the same number is repeated. Vancouver uses superscript numbers or standard numbers in brackets in-text e.g. 1-4,10,12 or (14,10,12). The reference list is ordered numerically.

Entering in-text citations After the author’s name: Johnson1 explains... OR Johnson (1) explains... To the right of commas and full stops: …is a widely accepted theory.3 OR …is a widely accepted theory.(3) To the left of colons and semi colons: ...lists the following6: motivation... Multiple sources can be inserted at a single point separated by a comma. Consecutive citations are joined with a hyphen. ...is an issue faced by many in the industry.1,3,5-7 If citing different pages from a single source at different places in the text, page numbers can be included in the in-text citation and the source listed once in the reference list. Page numbers can be added for direct quotations if necessary (please check with your Lecturer). ...pain response should be considered.9(p83) OR ...pain response should be considered.(9 p83)

Note: If mentioning authors in text, only surnames are used. For a reference with two authors include both surnames (family names). Avery and Williams1 highlight the importance… For references with three or more authors, list the first author then et al. Azar et al2 reported on this association…

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Compiling a reference list The reference list includes the full details of books, journal articles, reports, websites etc. that you cite in the text of your assignment. It is included at the end of your assignment with references listed in the numerical order in which they are cited in the assignment text. For example: References 1. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Trends in hospitalised injury, Australia: 2007-08 to 2016-17 [Internet]. Canberra (Australia): Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; 2019 [cited 2019 Dec 4]. Report No.: INJCAT 204. Available from: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/injury/trends-in-hospitalised-injury-2007-08-to-2016-17 2. Lee F, Mackenzie L, James C. Perceptions of older people living in the community about their fear of falling. Disabil Rehabil [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2020 Jan 17];30(23):1803-1811. doi:10.1080/09638280701669508 3. Barker W. Assessment and prevention of falls in older people. Nurs Older People [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2019 Dec 4];26(6):18-24. doi:10.7748/nop.26.6.18.e586 4. Sinclair AJ, Morley JE, Vellas B, editors. Pathy’s principles and practice of geriatric medicine [Internet]. 5th ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2012 [cited 2019 Dec 4]. doi:10.1002/9781119952930

Journal title abbreviations Journal titles are abbreviated in the Vancouver style e.g. New England Journal of Medicine appears as N Engl J Med in the reference list entry. A list of abbreviations is available through PubMed at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/. Click on Journals (under Explore) and enter the full journal title to view its abbreviation. Alternative sources of journal abbreviations are listed in Appendix B of Citing Medicine.

Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) are used to uniquely identify objects in the digital environment, for example a journal article, ebook, or data set. The online environment is inherently unstable, and information about a digital object, including its location, may change over time. The DOI will not change, thus the DOI provides a persistent link to the object. This DOI pinpoints a specific item among all those published electronically, by all publishers. You can type the DOI directly into a catalogue, database, or search engine. An example of a DOI is: 10.1016/j.enpol.2009.06.014.

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Authors variations Author’s surnames (family names) are followed by their two-letter initials with no space or full stop between the initials e.g. Smith JA Commas are used to separate each author's name e.g. Khan FM, Gibbons JP Below author variations apply to all reference types (books, journal articles, websites etc.).

• • •

No author Omit the author and list the title first Example: Prevention strategies for asthma: secondary prevention. CMAJ [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2016 Feb 3];173(6 Suppl):S25-7. Available from: http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/ 173/6_suppl/S25

One to six authors List all authors in the reference Example: Khan FM, Gibbons JP. Khan’s the physics of radiation therapy. 5th ed. Philadelphia (USA): Wolters Kluwer Health; 2014.

More than six authors List the first six authors in the reference followed by et al. Example: Lilienfeld SO, Lynn SJ, Namy LL, Woolf NJ, Jamieson G, Marks A, et al. Psychology: from inquiry to understanding. 2nd ed. Pearson Australia: Melbourne; 2014.

Corporate author List the organisation name in full Example: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Non-medical use of pharmaceuticals: trends, harms and treatment, 2006-07 to 2015-16. Canberra (Australia): Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; 2017. Report No.: HSE 195.

Authors citing other authors    

List both sources in the reference list entry Use when referring to one author’s work cited or quoted in another’s work If using a quote, change Cited by to Quoted by If including author’s name in text use the original author/s e.g. As highlighted by Lyman42...

Example: Lyman G. Impact of chemotherapy dose intensity on cancer patient outcomes. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2009; 7(1):99-108. Cited by: Avery M, Williams F. The importance of pharmacist providing patient education in oncology. J Pharm Pract [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2016 Jan 27];28(1):26-30. doi:10.1177/0897190014562382

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Journal and News articles

Journal article

Reference Components and Example Components: Author Surname Author Initials. Title of article. Abbreviated Journal Title [Internet]. Year [cited Year Month Day];Volume(Issue): pages. Available from: URL or doi:DOI Examples: Avery M, Williams F. The importance of pharmacist providing patient education in oncology. J Pharm Pract [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2016 Jan 27];28(1):26-30. doi:10.1177/0897190014562382 Naghavi M, Abajobir AA, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abd-Allah F, Abera SF, et al. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2019 Dec 4];390(10100):1151-1210. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32152-9

Style notes:  See note on abbreviated journal titles (pg. 3)  If referencing a print article, omit the type of medium [Internet], cited date [cited Year Month Day] and URL/DOI

Newspaper article

Components: Reporter Surname Reporter Initials. Title of article. Title of Newspaper [Internet]. Year Month Day of article [cited Year Month Day];Section:page. Available from: URL Example: Crowe D. Medical patents a line in the sand. The Australian [Internet]. 2014 Jun 19 [cited 2016 Jan 15];TheNation:6. Available from: http://search.proquest.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/anznews/docview/1536827372/71F81511E5914524PQ/ 21?accountid=10382 Style notes:  If referencing a print newspaper, omit the type of medium [Internet], cited date [cited Year Month Day] and URL  If there is no author, omit the author from the reference and list the title first

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Health resources

Reference Components and Example Components: Author Surname Author Initials. Title of entry. Year [cited Year Month Day]. In: Title of Source [Internet]. Place of publication: Publisher. Available from: URL or doi:DOI

Australian Medicines Handbook (AMH)

Amoxicillin. 2018 [cited 2018 Oct 10]. In: Australian Medicines Handbook [Internet]. Adelaide (Australia): Australian Medicines Handbook. Available from: https://amhonline-amh-net-au.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/chapters/antiinfectives/antibacterials/penicillins/amoxicillin

MIMS drug database

Alphamox. 2018 [cited 2018 Oct 10]. In: MIMS Online database [Internet]. [place unknown]: MIMS Australia. Available from: https://www-mimsonline-com-au.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au

Style note:  If the place of publication is not known enter [place unknown]

Cochrane Review

Saldanha IJ, Akinyede O, Robinson KA. Immunosuppressive drug therapy for preventing rejection following lung transplantation in cystic fibrosis. 2018 [cited 2018 Oct 15]. In: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews [Internet]. Hoboken (NJ): John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009421.pub3

eTG Complete

Dental caries. 2019 [cited 2019 Dec 6]. In: eTG Complete [Internet]. Melbourne (Australia): Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. Available from: https://tgldcdp-tg-org-au.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au

UpToDate

Williams J, Nieuwsma J. Screening for depression in adults. 2018 [cited 2019 Dec 6]. In: UpToDate [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc. Available from: https://www-uptodate-com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au

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Books

Entire book

Reference Components and Example

Components: Author Surname Author Initials, Author Surname Author Initials. Title of book [Internet]. # ed. Place of publication: Publisher; Publication Year [cited Year Month Day]. Available from: URL or doi: DOI

Example: Khan MG. Cardiac drug therapy [Internet]. 8th ed. Totowa (USA): Humana Press; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 10]. doi:10.1007/978-161779-962-4

Johnson M. Paramedic principles and practice ANZ. Chatswood (Australia): Elsevier Publishing; 2015.

Berman A, Snyder SJ, Levett-Jones T, Dwyer T, Hales M, Harvey N, et al. Kozier and Erb’s fundamentals of nursing: concepts, process and practice [Internet]. 4th Aust. ed. Melbourne: Pearson Australia; 2018 [cited 2019 Dec 6]. Available from: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/curtin/detail.action?docID=5220629

Style notes:  Include the date you accessed (cited) the eBook after the publication year  If a book is published in a city or town that is not well-known, add the country in brackets e.g. Totowa (USA)  For editions other than the first, enter the edition after the title e.g. 8th ed.  If referencing a print book, omit the type of medium [Internet], cited date [cited Year Month Day] and URL/DOI

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Components:

Chapter in an edited book Chapter Author Surname Author Initials. Title of chapter. In: Editor Surname Editor Initials, editor. Title of book [Internet]. # ed. Place of publication: Publisher; Publication year [cited Year Month Day]. p. Chapter page range. Available from: URL or doi: DOI Example: Fagan SG, Campbell VA. Endocannabinoids and Alzheimer’s disease. In: Fattore L, editor. Cannabinoids in neurologic and mental disease [Internet]. London: Academic Press; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 17]. p. 15-33. Available from: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/curtin/detail.action?docID=1929996

Style notes:  If referencing a print book, omit the type of medium [Internet], cited date [cited Year Month Day] and URL/DOI  For editions other than the first, enter the edition after the title e.g. 3rd ed.  If a book is published in a city or town that is not well-known, add the country in brackets e.g. Chatswood (Australia)

Dictionary or encyclopedia

Components: Title of dictionary or encyclopedia [Internet]. Edition ed. Place of publication: Publisher; Year. Name of entry; [cited Year Month Day]; page number. Available from: URL or doi: DOI Example: Black’s medical dictionary [Internet]. 42nd ed. London: A & C Black Publishers; 2010. Magnesium; [cited 2018 Oct 10]; [1 paragraph]. Available from: http://ovidsp.tx.ovid.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au

Style notes:  Include the definition/entry looked up e.g. Magnesium  If there are no page numbers, add the number of paragraphs in square brackets e.g. [1 paragraph]  If referencing a print dictionary or encyclopedia, omit the type of medium [Internet], cited date [cited Year Month Day] and URL/DOI  For editions other than the first, enter the edition after the title e.g. 42nd ed.

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Thesis

Components: Author Surname Author Initials. Title of thesis [dissertation on the Internet]. Place of publication: University; Publication Year [cited Year Month Day]. Available from: URL or doi: DOI

Example: Czarniak P. Issues with the use of medicines in paediatrics: off-label and unlicensed use, and formulation uncertainty [dissertation on the internet]. Perth (Australia): Curtin University; 2014 [cited 2019 Dec 6]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/554

Style notes:  If citing a master’s thesis, substitute [master’s thesis on the internet] after the title  If referencing a print thesis, follow the same format but include [dissertation] or [master’s thesis] after the title and omit cited date [cited Year Month Day] and URL/DOI

Paper or poster presented Components: Author Surname Author Initials. Title of paper. Paper presented at: Name of Conference; Year of conference Month Days; at a conference Place of conference.

Example: Jackson P, Sixsmith J, Mihailidis A, Sixsmith A. Perspectives on collaboration in technology innovation for ageing. Paper presented at: 13th International Conference on Smart Homes and Health Telematics; 2015 Jun 10-12; Geneva (Switzerland).

Style note:  If citing a poster, substitute: Poster session presented at

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Internet

Entire website

Reference Components and Example Components: Author. Title of website [Internet]. Year [cited Year Month Day]. Available from: URL Example: Australian Government, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. AIHW [Internet]. c2018 [cited 2018 Oct 15]. Available from: https://www.aihw.gov.au

Style notes:  If citing from a particular page on the website use the Web page reference type  If a last updated date is included on the website, add this in the brackets before the cited date e.g. [updated 2017 Mar; cited 2018 Oct 15]  If there is no date on the website enter [date unknown] in place of year

Web page

Components: Author. Title of website [Internet]. Title of webpage; Year [cited Year Month Day]. Available from: URL Example: State Government of Victoria. Better health channel [Internet]. Antibiotic resistant bacteria; c2018 [updated 2017 Mar; cited 2018 Oct 15]. Available from: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/ConditionsAndTreatments/antibiotic-resistantbacteria

Style notes:  Include the title of the specific page consulted e.g. Antibiotic resistant bacteria  If referring to a book, journal article or report on a website, cite using these formats not as a web page  If a last updated date is included on the web page, add this in the brackets before the cited date e.g. [updated 2017 Mar; cited 2018 Oct 15]  If there is no date on the website enter [date unknown] in place of year

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Lecture notes

Components: Lecturer Surname Lecturer Initials. Title of lecture [lecture notes on the Internet]. Date of lecture [cited Year Month Day]. Available from: URL Example: Smith J. Module 5: evidence based practice [lecture notes on the Internet]. 2015 Mar 4 [cited 2015 Apr 5]. Available from: https://lms.curtin.edu.au

Reports and Legislation

Government or organisation report

Reference Components and Examples

Components: Author Surname Author Initials or Organisation Name. Title of report [Internet]. Place of publication: Publisher; Year [cited Year Month Day]. Report No.: Report number. Available from: URL or doi:DOI

Example: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Non-medical use of pharmaceuticals: trends, harms and treatment, 2006-07 to 2015-16 [Internet]. Canberra (Australia): Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 4]. Report No.: HSE 195. Available from: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/illicit-use-of-drugs/non-medical-use-pharmaceuticals World Health Organization. The world health report 2013: research for universal health coverage [Internet]. Geneva (Switzerland): World Health Organization; 2013 [cited 2019 Dec 5]. Available from: https://www.who.int/whr/2013/report/en/

Style notes:  If there is no report number, omit this from the reference  If referencing a print report, omit the type of medium [Internet], cited date [cited Year Month Day] and URL/DOI

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Australian Bureau of Statistics

Components: Australian Bureau of Statistics. Title of publication [Internet]. Place of publication: Publisher; Year [cited Year Month Day]. Report No.: Report number. Available from: URL Example: Australian Bureau of Statistics. Apparent consumption of alcohol, Australia, 2017-18 [Internet]. Canberra (Australia): Australian Bureau of Statistics; 2019 [cited 2019 Dec 4]. Available from: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/Latestproducts/4307.0.55.001Main%20Features7201617?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=4307.0.55.001&issue=2016-17&num=&view=

Style note: If there is no report number, omit this from the reference

Acts of Parliament

Components: Title of Act Year (Jurisdiction) [Internet]. [cited Year Month Day]. Available from: URL Example: Misuse of Drugs Act 1981 (WA) [Internet]. [cited 2018 Oct 4]. Available from: https://www.legislation.wa.gov.au

Case

Components: Case Name (Year) volume number Law Report Series starting page. Example: The State of New South Wales v. The Commonwealth (1915) 20 CLR 5. Shea v. News Ltd. (2015) WASC 1.

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Audiovisual media

Video on the Internet (e.g. YouTube video)

Re...