Week 1 lab BIOS256 digestive tract for upper GI PDF

Preview

Summary

study the digestion system relating to organs and anatomy of the Upper and lower GI tract....

Description

BIOS256 OL, Week 1 Lab Name:

OL Lab 1: Carbohydrates: The sugars that feed us Learning Objectives:   

Understand the molecular structure of sugars and polysaccharides Understand digestion and appreciate the complexity of the human body Experiment with different foods and measure their impact on the blood sugar level

Since carbohydrates are the preferred source of energy, these are an essential part of our diet. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of both soluble and insoluble carbohydrates. The insoluble part is known as fiber, which is mostly cellulose. In this simulation, you will learn how carbohydrates are digested and learn how different food types affect blood glucose levels in a virtual test subject. An in-lab molecule visualizer will help you to study the chemical structure of sugars and learn the basics of molecule structures and chemical formulas. You will perform a real experiment to understand the action of amylase on starch. Will you be able to use the data from the simulation to figure out how foods can affect blood sugar levels in the body?

Part 1: Complete Labster- Carbohydrates: The sugars that feed us Part 2: Report and Reflection Purpose: Describe in your own words and in complete sentences, the purpose of this experiment.

The purpose of this experience is to learn how your body absorbs carbohydrates as it relates to molecules eaten and broken down into glucose storage and activation.

Observations: List 2 observations you have made in this simulation. 1. Carbohydrates are sugar molecules. Your body breaks down carbohydrates into glucose. Glucose, or blood sugar, is the main source of energy for your body's cells, tissues, and organs. The blood sugar level should never drop below 4mM.Even if there is no food in the small intestine; your cells need to get glucose to function. 2. Eating more carbohydrates can give more energy before a big race, especially complex carbohydrates. Peas, beans and whole grains are a source of complex carbohydrates.

BIOS256 OL, Week 1 Lab Name:

Answer all the questions below: 1. Why should complex carbohydrates be broken down? (1 point) Complex carbohydrates contain longer chains of sugar molecules than simple carbohydrates. The body converts these sugar molecules into glucose, which it uses for energy. As complex carbohydrates have longer chains, they take longer to break down and provide more lasting energy in the body than simple carbohydrates.

3. Where does the absorption of glucose occur in the GI tract? (1 point) Glucose absorption occur in the small intestine

3. What are the anatomical features of the stomach that support digestion? (2 points) The anatomical features are cardia, fundus, body and pylorus.

4. List out 3 hormones that are secreted by the stomach, the target organ and the action. (6 points)

Gastrin

Stimulates gastric acid secretion and proliferation of gastric epithelium

BIOS256 OL, Week 1 Lab Name: Cholecystokinin

Stimulates secretion of pancreatic enzymes, and contraction and emptying of the gall bladder

Secretin

Stimulates secretion of water and bicarbonate from the pancreas and bile ducts

5. Reflection: Reflect on at least 2 key concepts you have learned from this simulation. How can you apply it to the physiological processes in the body? The amount of carbohydrates you consume affects blood sugar. Taking in a lot of carbohydrates can raise blood sugar levels. High blood sugar are named, hyperglycemia can put you at risk for diabetes. Digestion starts with the initiation of eating certain foods. Focusing on carbohydrates, amylase which is an enzyme found in saliva coverts starch and glycogen into simple sugars. During the experiment, I sample some bread and the more I chewed the sweeter the taste became.

Grading Rubric: Activity Part 1 Part 2

Total

Deliverable Complete simulation Complete lab report and answer questions  

Purpose (1 point) Observation (2 points)



Questions (10 points)

 Reflection (2 points) Complete all lab activities

Points 15 15

30

BIOS256 OL, Week 1 Lab Name:...