WEEK 7-HW- Chapter 10 PDF

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TOPIC 4 Rebecca Phelps CHAPTER 10 Fill in as much information as you can in the image below, start by labelling the parts, navigate the path of electrons and track the output.

Photosystem II Light Light

Photosystem I

4 H+

Fd

NADP+ + H+

NADPH H2O O2

ATP Synthase

Thylakoid membrane

To Calvin Cycle

ADP + Pi H+

ATP

Light and water travel into photosystem 2. The pigments from the light excites pigment molecules and is passed around until it reaches P680. An electron from P680 is passed to the primary electron acceptor. A new electron is given to P680 from H2O. The electron given up by P680 then goes to an electron transport chain and passed to photosystem 1. The same thing happens in photosystem 1 and it did in photosystem 2. Lastly the electron from photosystem 1 is used to reduce NADP+ to NADPH and is used in the Calvin cycle.

Input 3 CO2

Phase 1: Carbon fixation Rubisco

Phosphoglycerate

RuBP

ATP 6 ADP

3 ADP

Benson-Calvin Cycle

ATP Biphosphoglycerate NADPH Phase 3:Regeneration of RuBP

6 NADP+ 6 Pi G3P Phase 2: Reduction

G3P

G3P output

Calvin Cycle Notes:

Glucose and other organic compounds

Fill in the input and output, track the carbons. Figure 10.19

1. Difference between autotroph, heterotroph Autotrophs make and store their own food, while heterotrophs cannot and must eat autotrophs. 2. List and describe the components/compartments of the chloroplast  Stroma: fluid inside a chloroplast  Grana: Stack of thylakoids  Inner membrane: surrounds the stroma and grana  Thylakoid: internal membrane  Outer membrane: semi-porus membrane surrounding the whole chloroplast 3. photosynthetic electron carrier A. Photosystem is made of reaction center complex, surrounded by light harvesting complex. B. Reaction center complexes hold primary electron acceptor. C. Light harvesting complex contains chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids. D. Primary Electron acceptor is found in the thylakoid membrane. E. Photosynthesis light energy in complex organic molecules 4. Source and pathway of electrons The pathway starts at photosystem II, then goes to an electron transport chain, and then to photosystem I. The source for the electrons in photosystem II is from water, and in photosystem I, the electrons are from photosystem II. 5. Describe photophosphorylation Photophosphorylation is the process of generating ATP from ADP and phosphate through chemiosmosis, using a protonmotive force generated across the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast or the membrane of certain prokaryotes during the light reactions of photosynthesis. 6. Describe light’s wave nature and particle nature Light’s particle nature are called photons and photons are light energy that behave as particles. Light’s wave nature is light energy that is electromagnetic and can be seen by the human eye. 7. What is the relationship between wavelength and energy? The shorter the wavelengths corresponds with greater energy and longer wavelengths correspond with lower energy. 8. Describe/draw the order of photosystems in photosynthetic electron transport. Photosystem II comes first in the photosynthetic electron transport, followed by photosystem II. 9. Compare and contrast cyclic and non-cycling electron flow in terms of photosystems and products. Cyclic flow is when electrons go through photosystem I but not photosystem II and does not produce NADPH or CO2, but it does produce ATP. Non-cyclic flow is the standard flow of electrons where they go through photosystems I and II and produce ATP, NADPH, and CO2. 10. Describe the Benson-Calvin cycle and ATP/NADPH use. The Benson-Calvin cycle uses ATP as its energy source and NADPH is the reducing agent that adds high-energy electrons to form sugar.

O2

CO2

Redox reactions are chemical reactions involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another. They occur in all partsof photosynthesis.

Chloroplasts use all colors of light H2O except green. Glucose Mesophyll

In the chloroplast. H2O Light

CO2 Electrons are being transferred. They came from a water molecule and will go to NADPH and be used NADP+ in the Benson-Calvin cycle. ADP Pi ATP NADPH

O2

H2O

In the thylakoid space because there is a high concentration of H+

A pH gradient across the thylakoid membrane.

Glucose

It is the ATP synthase. It’s an enzyme that and carries out the production of ATP

Figure 10.22

Photosynthesis Review Notes:...